Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Jaws: Clinicopathological Study

Aim

The aim of the present study was to analyze clinical, radiological and histopathological features of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) of jaws.

Materials and Methods

Archival data from 2009 to 2012 present in the Oral Pathology Department was retrieved and clinicopathological features of all the cases which had been previously diagnosed as ABC were analyzed in detail.

Results

Seven cases ranging in age from 10 to 50 years were included, in which maximum (5/7) cases were below 20 years. Ratio of presentation of lesion in male to female and in maxilla to mandible was 3:6 and 1:6 respectively. Swelling and pain were the most common presenting features. Variable presentation of the lesion was observed radiographically; although multilocular, well defined, bone expansion and perforation were the most common observations. Histopathological analysis revealed association of one case with ossifying fibroma and two cases with trabecular variety of juvenile ossifying fibroma. Predominance of solid variety was noted and other features like stroma, giant cells, nature of blood vessels, bone destruction and perforation and presence of any osteoid or calcified material was also accounted for. The current study showed association of two cases with trabecular variety of juvenile ossifying fibroma, which is a rare finding.

Conclusion

ABCs of jaws, thus have varying patterns of presentation which are diagnostically challenging. A thorough examination of the incisional/excisional tissue is thus required to confirm the association with any other lesion which will affect the treatment plan for the patient.     

Stromal tumours of the ovary: an update

Stromal tumours of the ovary are reviewed emphasizing recently described entities and new or uncommon aspects of well known neoplasms. The first, the luteinized thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis, a rare lesion, is controversial with regard to whether it is neoplastic or non-neoplastic an unsettled issue. It often occurs in the young and has distinctive pathologic features. The second, the microcystic stromal tumour has as a main histologic feature the presence of microcysts that may only be focal. Hyaline plaques are common but in contrast to most stromal tumours they are inhibin and calretinin negative but show β-catenin alterations. Sclerosing stromal tumour although having relatively uniform typical morphology, can pose some diagnostic difficulty, especially when seen in pregnant patients. Thecoma and fibroma are the most common stromal tumours but thecoma, in particular, may cause diagnostic difficulty particularly with granulosa cell tumour. Finally, two rare tumours, the signet-ring stromal tumour and myxoma are briefly considered.     

MRI鉴别诊断中枢神经系统孤立性纤维瘤的特征及临床意义

目的 探究MRI鉴别诊断中枢神经系统孤立性纤维瘤的特征及临床意义.方法 选择2014年1月至2020年10月接收的50例疑似中枢神经系统孤立性纤维瘤患者作为研究对象,所有患者均接受MRI、CT以及病理检查,对其检查结果进行回顾性分析.以病理检查结果为金标准,比较MRI、CT检查对中枢神经系统孤立性纤维瘤的诊断效能.结果...     

Ossifying Fibroma of Non-odontogenic Origin: A Fibro-osseous Lesion in the Craniofacial Skeleton to be (Re-)considered

In the cranio-facial skeleton, a heterogeneous group of well characterized fibro-osseous lesions can be distinguished. Whereas fibrous dysplasia can affect any skeletal bone, ossifying fibroma and cemento-osseous dysplasia exclusively develop in the cranio-facial region, with most subtypes restricted to the tooth bearing areas of the jaws. Herein we present a series of 20 fibro-osseous lesions that developed mostly in the frontal bone and in the mandible, presenting as expansile intramedullary tumors with a unique histologic appearance and an indolent clinical course. We provide evidence that these tumors are distinct from the categories included in the WHO classification and are therefore currently unclassifiable. The definition of cemento-ossifying fibroma as an odontogenic neoplasm developing only in close proximity to teeth should be re-considered and incorporate also extragnathic lesions as shown here.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12105-021-01351-3.     

Ossifying Fibromas of the Head and Neck Region: A Clinicopathological Study of 45 Cases

Ossifying fibromas of the head and neck region are classified as cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) (odontogenic origin), and two types of juvenile ossifying fibromas: juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma (JTOF), and juvenile psammomatous ossifying fibroma (JPOF). The potential for recurrence in JTOF and JPOF and the discovery of newer molecular signatures necessitates accurate histological classification. Over 12 years (2005–2017), a total of 45 patients with 51 tumours were retrieved and reviewed for clinic-pathological features from the archives of a tertiary care oncology centre. Of 45 cases, COF, JTOF and JPOF comprised 13 (28.9%), 11 (24.4%) and 18 (40%) cases respectively. Three cases were unclassifiable. M: F ratio was 1:3.3, 1.1:1, 2:1 for COF, JTOF and JPOF respectively with an age range of 6–66 years (mean: 24.6, median; 18.1 years). The most common site for COF was mandible, for JTOF was maxilla, and for JPOF was ethmoid sinus. One case of mixed JTOF and JPOF histology was seen. Aneurysmal bone cyst-like areas were seen in 26.6% of cases, most commonly in JPOF. Follow up was available in 23 cases, and ranged from 4 to 207 months. Three cases of JPOF had a recurrence and one patient with JTOF had residual disease after surgery. One case of COF demonstrated increased parathyroid hormone levels. COF, JTOF, and JPOF are clinically, radiologically and histologically distinct entities. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment. JPOF has a higher incidence of recurrence as compared to JTOF and COF and hence needs a more aggressive follow-up.     

颌骨促结缔组织增生性纤维瘤的影像特征及鉴别（附病例报道）

目的：探讨颌骨促结缔组织增生性纤维瘤（DFB）的影像学特征和鉴别诊断。方法：根据1例DFB病例进行影像学分析及文献复习。结果：DFB在X线上表现为溶骨性骨质破坏,无骨膜反应;CT上见骨小梁吸收破坏,为软组织密度肿物取代,增强检查可见强化;MRI上表现为正常骨质信号消失,软组织信号出现,T1WI为均匀等信号,T2WI为不均匀高信号。结论：DFB是罕见的起源于结缔组织的原发骨肿瘤,是具有侵袭性生长特点的良性肿瘤,治疗上宜采取术区扩大切除防止复发。因此,术前从影像学上鉴别DFB对于术式选取以及治疗效果至关重要。     

软骨粘液样纤维瘤

作者研究２７例软骨粘液样纤维瘤，其病变最常累及年青人的长骨。Ｘ线片上，骨病变呈境界清楚的良性形态。组织学上，呈现假小叶状肿瘤，具有粘液样和软骨样区。周边部瘤细胞有异型性、多形性、双核，但分裂象罕见。本文讨论了软骨粘液样纤维瘤的发生率、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗。     

骨韧带样纤维瘤的X线诊断(附6例报告)

目的　探讨骨韧带样纤维瘤的临床与X线特点。方法　回顾性分析经手术病理证实的 6例骨韧带样纤维瘤的临床及X线表现。结果　 6例病变位于股骨 2例 ,胫骨 2例 ,桡骨 1例 ,肱骨 1例。骨质呈囊状膨胀性改变 ,内见粗细不等骨小梁影 6例 ,伴有骨嵴 3例 ,边缘不同程度硬化 6例 ,软组织肿胀 4例 ,未见钙化和骨膜反应。结论　长骨干骺端为好发部位 ,以骨内具有骨小梁结构的囊状膨胀性改变 ,瘤壁硬化 ,无钙化及骨膜反应是该病的主要X线表现 ,而“根须”状肿瘤性骨小梁形成具有一定特征性     

Desmoplastic melanoma of the lip

BACKGROUND: This retrospective study looks at the prognosis of desmoplastic melanoma of the lip, correlating it with the clinical course, treatment, and patterns of failure. METHOD: Twenty-two patients with desmoplastic melanoma of the lip were seen at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1965 to 1998. RESULTS: Three disease groups: (I) untreated tumor (3 patients), (II) excisional scar (10 patients), and (III) locoregional recurrence (9 patients). Group I had two cures and one failure. In group II six had no recurrences, and there were four failures. In group III, all patients failed. Ten patients (45%) had no evidence of disease, of which three (30%) had an initial misdiagnosis. Twelve patients (55%) died of disease or were living with disease, of which eight (67%) had an initial misdiagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Desmoplastic melanoma of the lip is often misdiagnosed and, therefore, inappropriately treated with multiple recurrences and poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis and combined treatment may improve local control and survival.     

Desmoplastic neurotropic melanoma of the head and neck: the role of radiation therapy

BACKGROUND: Desmoplastic neurotropic melanoma (DNM) is an uncommon cutaneous melanoma variant with pronounced neurotropism. In contrast to ordinary melanomas, locoregional recurrences are common and distant metastasis are uncommon in patients with DNM. Local control with surgery and radiation therapy may assume a more important role in this variant of melanoma. We present a case of an unresectable skull base recurrence of DNM that was controlled using radiation therapy alone and review the literature. METHODS: Case report with 36-month follow-up. RESULTS: The patient is a 68-year-old with multiple recurrences of a DNM that originated on the forehead. After extensive surgery, including total parotidectomy and temporal bone resection, the patient had an unresectable recurrence of the skull base develop. This was treated with definitive radiation therapy, resulting in a complete response. The patient has had no evidence of recurrence at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: DNM is a locally aggressive type of melanoma with a high risk of local recurrence that can be radioresponsive. The incidence of distant metastasis is low, so aggressive treatment to control local disease is warranted. This may include surgery plus adjuvant radiation therapy or definitive radiotherapy for unresectable recurrences.