Prognostic impact of the preoperatory neutrophil/lymphocyte index on early surgical complications of patients with colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is found among those with greatest frequency and exponential increase worldwide, with high mortality rates, which are observed as increasing due to the postsurgical complications that come to present. Systemic inflammation participates in the development and progression of cancer; therefore, inflammatory and/or immunological response markers such as the neutrophil/lymphocyte index (NLI) can aid us in predicting the poor results of our interventions. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of an NLI of ≥2.6 as a predictor of early postsurgical complications. By means of a prospective cohort, we analyzed 158 patients with CRC who were submitted to elective surgery with a later 30-day follow-up. We found that the preoperatory NLI of ≥2.6 obtained an odds ratio (OR) = 2.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-4.36) as a prognostic factor of early postsurgical complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification scale, which represents a low prognostic impact due to its predictive yield with low accuracy, which is the opposite of what other reports have previously published. The use of chemotherapy before the surgical procedure was also determined to be a risk factor for post-surgical complications.     

三种气管切开术的临床应用比较

目的 比较经皮气管切开术(Pereutaneous tracheostomy,PT)、导丝扩张钳法气管切开术(Guide wiredilating forceps,GWDF)、经皮旋转气管切开术(PereuTwist)的手术时间和并发症的发生率.探讨三种气管切开术的安全性.方法 收集2004年4月至2007年3月我院ICU施行的PT45例,GWDF38例,PereuTwist40例的病历资料分成A、B、C三组,计算每组出血、气胸、刨口感染、脱管、气管后壁损伤的发生率和总发生率.采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行组间比较.结果 A组的手术时间、出血的发生率和总发生率与B组和C组比较.P<0.05差异有统计学意义;气管后壁损伤的发生率B组、C组与A组比较,P<0.05差异有统计学意义:B组和C组并发症的发生率以及三组间气胸、刨口感染、脱管的发生率比较无统计学意义.结论 GWDF,PereuTwist操作简单、手术时间短、创伤小、并发症少,安全性优于PT,但有气管后壁损伤的危险.     

护理风险预警机制在慢性乙型病毒性肝炎肝衰竭病人护理中的应用效果

目的:探讨护理风险预警机制在慢性乙型肝炎肝衰竭病人护理中的应用效果。方法:选取2018年1月—2019年12月我院收治的104例慢性乙型肝炎肝衰竭病人,按照病人入院顺序,并采用单双号抽签方式分为对照组和观察组,各52例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组临床护理中引入护理风险预警机制,对比两组肝功能指标、并发症发生情况、护理满意度、护理质量评分、护理缺陷评分及住院时间。结果:干预后,两组肝功能指标均有所改善,且观察组下降幅度较对照组大(P<0.001);观察组与对照组并发症发生率分别为7.69%、25.00%,观察组与对照组总满意度分别为96.15%、76.92%,观察组病人护理质量评分高于对照组,护理缺陷评分及住院时间低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:将护理风险预警机制用于慢性乙型肝炎肝衰竭病人的临床护理中,有利于改善病人肝功能指标,减少并发症及护理缺陷,提高护理满意度,提升护理质量,缩短病人住院时间。     

白血病病人口腔溃疡护理方法对比

白血病病人因化疗药物作用常可引起口腔溃疡,临床表现为口腔黏膜肿胀、充血、出血、糜烂、疼痛,给病人带来极大痛苦。在临床护理工作中应根据病情采取相应的护理措施,在达到最佳护理效果同时最大限度减轻病人痛苦。为此,对我科2003年8月~2006年1月住院白血病病人化疗后引起口腔溃疡的71例病人,分别应用常规口腔护理和紫外线治疗仪照射方法护理,进行疗效及伴随症状比较,现将结果报告如下。资料与方法一般资料2003年8月~2006年1月我科住院白血病病人化疗后引起口腔溃疡发生病例:溃疡面积≥1cm×1cm,且不伴有感染者,单处溃疡53例,多处溃疡18例…     

细节管理在老年留置普通硅胶胃管患者鼻饲饮食中的应用

目的 研究细节管理减少老年留置普通硅胶胃管患者鼻饲饮食后并发症、减少感染及死亡率的作用.方法 选取80例老年留置普通硅胶胃管患者,随机分为对照组40例与干预组40例,对照组患者鼻饲饮食实施常规管理,干预组患者鼻饲饮食实施管理,比较两组干预效果.结果 干预组发生胃肠道并发症6例,无堵管现象,肺部感染2例;对照组发生胃肠道...     

Comparative Analysis of Postoperative Complications of Sentinel Node Identification Using the SentiMag® Method and the Use of a Radiotracer in Patients with Breast Cancer

(1) Background: The purpose of the study was a retrospective, comparative assessment of complications of the surgical sentinel node biopsy (SNB) procedure in breast cancer using the radiotracer method and the SentiMag^® method on groups of patients after 3.5 years of use. (2) Methods: The material was a group of 345 patients with primary surgical breast cancer who underwent the SNB procedure with the use of a radiotracer in combination with wide local excision (WLE), simple amputation (SA) with SNB and an independent SNB procedure in the period from May 2018 to January 2021 in the Department of Oncological Surgery. Of the patients who were monitored in the Hospital Outpatient Clinic, 300 were enrolled. The analyzed group was compared in terms of the occurrence of the same complications with the group of 303 patients also operated on in our center in the period from January 2014 to September 2017, in which SN identification was performed using the SentiMag^® method. (3) Results: The most common complications found were sensation disorders in the arm, which occurred in 16 (14.1%) patients using the radiotracer method, SentiMag^®-11 (9.9%). By comparing the complication rate between the methods with the radiotracer (n = 300) and SentiMag^® (n = 303), no significant differences were found. (4) Conclusions: Sentinel node (SN) identification using the radiotracer method and the SentiMag^® method are comparable diagnostic methods in breast cancer, with a low risk of complications.     

整体护理对冠心病患者冠脉内支架植入术围术期血脂水平的影响

目的观察整体护理对冠心病患者冠状动脉内支架植入术围术期血脂水平的影响。方法选择行经皮冠状动脉内支架植入术治疗的冠心病患者149例,随机分为整体护理组86例与传统护理组63例。对整体护理组实施整体护理干预,传统护理组被给予传统护理干预;分析、比较两组患者3个时间点（人院第2日、手术当日及出院当日）的状态焦虑水平、血脂含量变化以及术后并发症发生情况的差异。结果两组患者状态焦虑水平（分）整体护理组手术当日（51．64±7．78）分、出院当日（38．94±4．37）分与传统护理组（74．42±8．29）分、（59．97±5．76）分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者血脂水平（mmol／L）整体护理组手术当日、出院当日与传统护理组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者术后并发症发生率（％）、整体护理组血肿或出血、桡动脉痉挛或闭塞、心律失常、发热以及迷走神经反射等并发症发生率明显低于传统护理组（P〈0．05）。结论整体护理可以降低冠心病患者冠脉内支架植入术围术期血脂水平与状态焦虑水平,减少术后并发症的发生,提高护理质量。     

中医药在血液透析治疗中应用研究概况

从保护残余肾功能、改善营养不良、改善免疫功能、治疗血透并发症、中药血液透析液应用等方面介绍中医药在血液透析治疗中应用研究概况。血液透析是一个非生理过程,随着血液透析时间的延长,在血透中或血透后常常引起多种并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量和生存时间。中医药在血液透析中能减少血压透析的不良反应及并发症,提高生存质量。