Intraoperative hyperthermia in conjunction with multi-schedule chemotherapy (pre-, intra- and post-operative), by-pass surgery,and post-operative radiotherapy for the management of unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of intraoperative hyperthermia (IOHT) in the management of stage IV pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Twenty-seven patients (group A) received pre-operative chemotherapy (5-FU), by-pass surgery with intraoperative bolus infusion of 5-FU and post-operatively multi-agent chemotherapy plus sandostatin and external beam irradiation (45Gy, 25 fractions, 5 days a week). In a non-randomized way, 10 patients (group B) received an additional single session of IOHT (43-45°C, 1h) performed directly on the tumour using a waveguide applicator (433MHz) with interstitial measurements of temperature measured. A brief instrument was developed for evaluating patients' quality of life. No progressive disease (PD) was noticed in group B vs 11% (3/27) of PD in group A. There was also a significant increase of overall survival (OS) in group B vs A patients ( p = 0.029, log-rank test). Moreover, there was a significant improvement for group B vs A patients regarding Karnofsky performance status ( p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test), pain score ( p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test) and quality of life score ( p = 0.031, Mann-Whitney test). A significant correlation was noticed between OS and thermal parameters such as average T min ( p = 0.043), average T max ( p = 0.027) and cumulative minutes T 90 &#83 44°C ( p < 0.001). Combined IOHT with chemotherapy (pre-, intra- and post-operative) and external beam post-operative radiotherapy seem to have a potential benefit in the management of unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, concerning local response, OS and quality of life. Further clinical studies to evaluate the benefit of IOHT suggested in this study are warranted.     

不可切除肝癌的射频治疗

目的 探讨射频治疗在不可切除肝癌的治疗效果.方法 2006年5月至2008年11月引进Cool-tip冷循环超能射频治疗仪对不可切除肝癌(原发和转移)43例78个病灶在B超引导下施行了射频消融治疗.其中开腹单纯射频治疗15例,开腹肝癌切除+射频6例,开腹射频+乙醇注射5例,经皮射频治疗17例.均按需一次单针多点顺次穿刺布针方法 完成,最多布针5针,平均2.1针;单灶最大径7 cm,平均2.5 cm;单例最多病灶6个,平均1.8个.结果 所有患者均经CT和B超或MRI诊断,其中原发性肝癌18例,原发性肝癌切除术后复发12例,转移癌13例;43例全部得到随访,术后定期甲胎蛋白、B超和(或)CT检查,最长随访时间28个月,最短1个月,平均13.6个月.术前AFP增高20例,术后3个月内全部恢复正常;2例CT发现可疑针道和周缘残留,6例随访过程出现肝脏新的转移灶;1例经皮射频消融治疗后出现胃肠道瘘入皮下,并于3月后死于多发转移;1例死于开腹射频消融治疗后持续腹腔出血,1例死于开腹肝切除+射频消融治疗后腹腔出血和感染,3例于随访过程中死于多发转移(该3例平均生存时间6个月).结论 B超引导的冷循环射频消融治疗操作简便、易于掌握,患者痛苦小、恢复快,是一种有效安全的肝癌局部治疗方法 ,可以作为切除手术的重要辅助手段推广应用.     

开腹肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗中,晚期肝癌

本文报告39例肝肿瘤(37例为原发肝癌)使用开腹肝动脉栓塞方法治疗的体会。栓塞材料为:明胶海绵、TH胶、微球、碘油等。疗效:疼痛好转14例,体重增加12例,肿瘤缩小21例,疗效不明显10例,死亡2例。1例TH胶栓塞后4个月行二期切除成功,现术后生存11个月无复发征。1例肝右叶巨大肿瘤TH胶栓塞后缩小,达4年仍生存。体会:开腹肝动脉栓塞法,病理诊断明确,判断切除可能性确切,插管准确,发生异位栓塞机会少。     

同期放化疗联合辅助化疗与单纯同期放化疗治疗非手术局部晚期食管鳞癌的疗效及安全性对比

目的 对比同期放化疗联合辅助化疗与单纯同期放化疗治疗非手术局部晚期食管鳞癌的疗效及安全性.方法 回顾性分析102例局部晚期食管鳞癌非手术患者的临床资料,其中采用同期放化疗联合辅助化疗(观察组)49例,同期放化疗(对照组)53例.放疗技术采用三维适形或调强放疗,同期化疗或辅助化疗方案采用顺铂及5-氟尿嘧啶方案或顺铂及紫杉醇方案.比较两组近期疗效、生存情况及急性毒副反应发生情况.结果 观察组、对照组总有效率分别为91.8％、88.7％,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).观察组的1、2、3年生存率分别为87.6％、64.9％、44.1％,对照组的1、2、3年生存率分别为76.8％、50.6％、30.6％,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).观察组的1、2、3年无进展生存率分别为71.9％、50.8％、15.1％,中位无进展生存期分别为20个月,对照组的1、2、3年无进展生存率分别为60.1％、26.3％、7.8％,中位无进展生存期分别为13.5个月,观察组的无进展生存情况优于对照组(P<0.05).两组放疗期间3级以上急性毒副反应总发生率及各项毒副反应发生情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 同期放化疗联合辅助化疗可延长非手术局部晚期食管鳞癌患者的无进展生存期,且不增加急性毒副反应的发生率.     

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) for unresectable peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancer

BackgroundPIPAC is a recent approach with promising results for patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). We aimed to evaluate survival and postoperative outcome of patients with unresectable PM from gastric origin treated with chemotherapy and PIPAC.MethodsA retrospective analysis of a prospective maintained PIPAC database was queried for all patients diagnosed with unresectable PM from gastric cancer who underwent PIPAC before 2018. PIPAC with Cisplatin 7.5 mg/m2 and doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m2 were given for 30 min at 6-week intervals. Outcome criteria were overall survival and adverse events according to (CTCAE) version4.0.ResultsOne hundred Sixty-three PIPAC were done in 42 consecutive patients. Twenty-two (52%) of the patients were female. Signet-ring cells were observed in 33/42 patients (78.6%). At the first PIPAC, median age was 51.5 years (32–74). Median PCI was 17 (1–39). Twenty (47.6%) patients underwent more than 2 lines of pre-PIPAC chemotherapy. All patients had systemic chemotherapy alternating with PIPAC. Median consecutive PIPAC procedures were 3 (1–12). Overall and major complications (CTCAE - III, IV) occurred in 10 (6.1%) and 5 procedures (3.1%), respectively. Two patients (4.7%) died within 30 days of a PIPAC procedure, one related to small bowel obstruction and a pulmonary embolism for the other. Overall Survival was 19.1 months. Six (14.3%) patients became resectable during treatment and underwent curative intent CRS and HIPEC.ConclusionsPIPAC with low-dose cisplatin and doxorubicin is safe and feasible in association with systemic chemotherapy for gastric PM. Survival data are encouraging and justify further clinical studies in this indication.     

药物缓释微球TACE对比传统碘油TACE治疗不可切除肝癌：倾向性评分匹配

目的比较药物缓释微球TACE（DEB-TACE）与传统碘油TACE（c-TACE）治疗不可切除肝癌的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2015年9与至2020年7月我院治疗120例原发性肝癌的临床资料,其中DEB-TACE组30例、c-TACE组90例。按1∶1进行配对后分析两种治疗方式的临床效果。首要观察指标为患者的肿瘤无进展生存期,次要观察指标是1、3、6、12个月疾病控制、客观缓解率和术后并发症。 结果实际完成配对患者23对,配对后两组间基线特征具有可比性,结果示DEB-TACE相比c-TACE治疗原发性肝癌的中位无疾病进展期分别为3、10个月（P = 0.002）。DEB-TACE组1、3、6、12个月的客观缓解率（69%、78%、60%、52%）明显高于c-TACE组客观缓解率（39%、39%、26%、8%） （P < 0.05）。DEB-TACE组术后3个月的疾病控制率95%明显高于c-TACE组73%（P < 0.05）。术后肝脓肿患者1例（DEB-TACE组1例）,引流后患者恢复良好,余均无严重并发症发生。 结论DEB-TACE治疗不可切除性肝癌在肿瘤控制方面优于c-TACE,具有更好的临床获益。     

Evidence based radiation therapy for locally advanced resectable and unresectable gastric cancer

Despite the fact that gastric cancer is decreasing in incidence in the United States,it remains one of the most commonly diagnosed and most fatal cancers worldwide.In localised disease,surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment.Nevertheless,the low overall survival rates at 5 years due to locoregional and distant recurrences has led to a large debate regarding the role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy in addition to curative resection.Recent data have shown that,even with improved surgical techniques,locoregional failure rates in these patients ranged between 57% and 88%.Failures were noted in the gastric bed,regional nodes,gastric remnant,anastomosis and duodenal stump,all of which can be encompassed in a regional radiation f ield,indicating the need of further locoregional treatment.In this article,a comprehensive literature review of the reliable medical databases of PubMed and Cochrane is made and we present all available information on the role of radiation therapy in the preoperative and postoperative setting of gastric cancer.Data reported show that in locally advanced gastric cancer the addition of radiation therapy post surgery has signif icantly improved diseasefree survival as well as overall survival.Moreover,in unresectable gastric cancer,the combination of radiation therapy with chemotherapy has significantly improvedmean and overall survival rates.The role of radiation therapy in patients with resectable gastric cancer is being further evaluated in ongoing phase Ⅲ trials.     

Clinical evaluation of chemosensitivity testing for patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST)

Purpose In the present study, we prospectively evaluated the clinical feasibility and efficacy of collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without previous treatment. Experimental design Eighty patients with unresectable NSCLC, aged less than 81 years old, PS 0–1, and with evaluable tumor lesions, entered the study. If the patient had CD-DST active drugs, more than three cycles of chemotherapy containing these drugs were administered. If the patient did not have CD-DST active drugs, the patient could choose any treatment including best supportive care. Results Of the 80 patients in this study, CD-DST yielded results successfully in 49 patients (61.3%). CD-DST active drugs were present in 22 patients, and significantly more female patients had in vitro active anticancer agents than male (P = 0.0008). All of the patients with CD-DST active agents received chemotherapy including these agents. In these patients, the response rate was 72.7%, and median survival was 15.0 months. In the patients without CD-DST active agents, 11 patients received standard, empirical chemotherapy. In these patients, response rate was 0%, and median survival was 6.0 months. Conclusions The results show that CD-DST is capable of selecting the responders and the respective optimal regimens, and also delineating the patients less likely benefit from treatment.     

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With P-ELF (Cisplatin, Etoposide, Leucovorin, 5-Fluorouracil) Followed by Radical Resection in Patients With Initially Unresectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Study

Background: Gastric cancer is the most frequent gastrointestinal cancer in Mexico. Only 33% of cases are resectable. Our aim was to determine the activity and toxicity of the cisplatin, etoposide, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil combination in initially unresectable tumors and to determine its ability to permit resection.Methods: Sixty patients with unresectable gastric adenocarcinoma were treated with cisplatin 80 mg/m2, etoposide 80 mg/m2, leucovorin 25 mg/m2, and 5-fluorouracil 800 mg/m2 by central intravenous catheter for 4 consecutive days. Two courses of this combination were followed by surgical resection.Results: The overall response rate was 36.8% (20 partial responses and one complete response). By using logistic regression analysis, the tumor, node, and metastasis stage (risk ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–4.02; P 5.039) was identified as the response determinant to chemotherapy. Major toxicity was grade 3 or 4 neutropenia in 67% of patients. Ten resections were performed (17.5%); five were curative and five palliative. Operative morbidity and mortality rates were 40% and 10%, respectively. The median length of survival was 7.46 and 13.3 months for nonresponders and responders, respectively (P 5.011).Conclusions: The cisplatin, etoposide, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil combination is active in advanced gastric cancer and the toxicity level is acceptable. This treatment permits a 17.5% resection rate in previously unresectable tumors. A randomized trial of surgery vs. neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery is warranted.