IL-33调控肿瘤免疫微环境中IFN-γ的生物信息学分析

目的 通过生物信息学方法分析白细胞介素-33(interleukin-33,IL-33)对肿瘤免疫微环境的影响,探讨在肿瘤免疫微环境中IL-33上调干扰素-γ(interferon-gamma, IFN-γ)表达的机制。方法 应用生存曲线在线分析工具分析IL-33表达对患者生存时间的影响。从基因表达综合数据库(gene expression omnibus,GEO)中下载数据,进行基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)分析、京都基因和基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析和蛋白网络相互作用分析,探讨IL-33对相关基因的功能和信号通路的影响。从临床蛋白质组肿瘤分析协会(Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, CPTAC)蛋白和蛋白磷酸化组数据库中下载数据,分析IL-33表达与异质性胞核核糖核蛋白D(heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D,HNRNPD或AU-rich element binding factor 1,AUF1)表达的相关性。结果 生存曲线在线分析结果显示IL-33的高表达显著改善多种癌症生存预后。在IL-33受体St2敲除鼠结肠癌模型中,IFN-γ表达显著下调。IL-33影响的基因主要富集于对IFN-γ的反应,对IFN-β的反应,固有免疫调控等信号通路和生物过程中。CPTAC蛋白质组数据分析提示IL-33和AUF1表达显著负相关(r=-0.64,P<0.001)。结论 IL-33在肿瘤免疫微环境中可以增强免疫细胞IFN-γ的表达,IL-33可以通过下调AUF1的表达,阻止AUF1所属的“AUF1和信号转导调控复合体”对IFN-γ mRNA的攻击。     

IL-33在小鼠炎症性肠病中的保护作用研究

目的 探讨白介素(IL)-33在小鼠炎症性肠病中的保护作用.方法 建立TNBS诱导的小鼠炎症性肠病模型,设立乙醇空白对照组、模型组和IL-33治疗组.HE染色观察结肠组织病理形态学变化;免疫荧光检测组织M2型巨噬细胞数量变化;RT-PCR检测结肠组织iNOS、YM1和Arg1基因表达.结果 模型组小鼠结肠组织病理损伤严重,而IL-33处理后能明显缓解结肠炎症损伤程度.IL-33上调M2型巨噬细胞数量及M2型相关基因YM1、Arg1表达.结论 IL-33能缓解TNBS诱导的小鼠结肠炎,可能与促进M2型巨噬细胞极化相关.     

IL-17、IL-5、IL-4、 IL-33等细胞因子在哮喘发病机制中的作用

目的 探讨白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、白细胞介素-33(IL-33)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-5(IL-5)等细胞因子在哮喘发病机制中的作用.方法 选择浙江省乐清市人民医院2011年2月～2014年8月收治的82例哮喘患者作为研究对象,根据患者的临床表现分为急性发作组(45例)、缓解期组(37例),并选取同期健康人群40例作为对照组,比较三组患者相关指标的差异及其相关性.结果 缓解期组呼气流量峰值(PEF)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)、哮喘控制测试评分(ACT)均显著高于急性发作组(P＜0.01).急性发作组IL-17、IL-5、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IFN-γ、IgE值均显著高于缓解期组、对照组,IL-2显著低于缓解期组、对照组(P＜ 0.05);缓解期组IL-17、IL-5、IL-4、IL-8、IFN-γ、IgE值显著高于对照组,IL-2显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).三组CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+测定值比较差异有高度统计学意义(P＜0.01),急性发作组CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+值显著高于缓解期组、对照组(P＜0.05);缓解期组患者的CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+值显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 哮喘患者的T细胞亚群、细胞因子与健康人群存在显著差异,急性发作期患者与缓解期患者的T细胞亚群、细胞因子、肺功能指标差异显著,提示免疫功能紊乱、炎症介质分泌增加与哮喘发作关系密切.     

Genetic disruption of USP9X sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil

The X-linked deubiquitinase USP9X affects the stability and activity of numerous regulatory proteins that influence cell survival. Recent studies suggest that decreased USP9X expression can confer a selective advantage onto developing cancer cells and thereby promotes disease progression. To examine the effect of USP9X on the cellular responses to anticancer therapies, we derived cancer cell lines in which the USP9X locus was disrupted by homologous recombination. The resulting USP9X-deficient cancer cells exhibited increased activation of apoptotic pathways and markedly decreased clonogenic survival in response to 5-fluorouracil, a chemotherapeutic drug that is widely used for treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. These unexpected results suggest that cancers with low USP9X expression might be specifically sensitized to some conventional therapeutic agents.     

肺炎支原体感染患儿肺泡灌洗液中IL-17与IL-33表达水平及临床意义

目的 研究肺炎支原体（MP）感染患儿肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、白细胞介素-33（IL-33）表达水平及临床意义。方法 选取2017年10月~2020年10月本院收治的105例MP感染患儿作为研究对象(观察组),根据临床肺部感染评分法（CPIS）分为轻度组（CPIS＜6分）55例和重度组（CPIS≥6分）50例,同时选取于同期住院的诊断为支气管异物并行纤支镜支气管异物取出术的患儿50例作为对照组,检测BALF中IL-17、IL-33表达水平和免疫球蛋白IgM、IgA、IgG水平,采用ROC曲线分析IL-17、IL-33对MP感染的预测价值,并分析BALF中IL-17、IL-33表达水平和免疫球蛋白IgM、IgA、IgG水平的相关性。结果 观察组BALF中IL-17、IL-33水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）;重度组BALF中IL-17、IL-33表达水平高于轻度组（P＜0.05）;ROC曲线分析显示,BALF中IL-17、IL-33水平联合预测MP感染患儿的敏感度核特异度均高于单独预测（P＜0.05）;观察组免疫球蛋白IgM高于对照组,IgA、IgG低于对照组（P＜0.05）;Spearman相关分析显示,BALF中IL-17、IL-33表达水平与免疫球蛋白IgM呈正相关性,与IgA、IgG呈负相关（P＜0.05）。结论 MP感染患儿BALF中IL-17、IL-33水平呈高表达,对MP感染的诊断和病情评估具有一定的指导意义,且与免疫球蛋白IgM、IgA、IgG水平具有一定的相关性。     

Pollen shells and soluble factors play non-redundant roles in the development of allergic conjunctivitis in mice

PurposeWe aimed to clarify the role of particulate allergen exposure to the conjunctiva in the development of allergic conjunctivitis.MethodsWe administered ragweed pollen suspension, pollen extract, pollen shell, particulate air pollutants, and their combinations to the mouse conjunctiva five days a week without prior sensitization. Clinical signs were scored. Histological changes, cellular infiltrations, mRNA expressions, lymph node cell recall responses, and serum immunoglobulin levels were assessed. Immune cell-depleting antibodies and ST2 knockout mice were used to investigate the cellular and molecular requirements.ResultsPollen suspension, but not the extract or shell alone, induced robust eosinophilic conjunctivitis, accompanied by a proliferative response of epithelial cells. A combination of pollen extract and shell completely restored eosinophil accumulation. In addition, eosinophilic conjunctivitis was induced by a mixture of particulate air pollutants and pollen extract. Mechanistically, eosinophil accumulation was ameliorated by deficiency of the IL-33 receptor ST2 and abolished by depleting CD4⁺ T cells. Pollen shells, but not the extract, induced IL-33 release from conjunctival epithelial cells in vivo.ConclusionsOur results indicate the non-redundant roles for the allergens’ particulate properties and soluble factors in the development of allergic conjunctivitis.     

Calendering as a direct shaping tool for the continuous production of fixed-dose combination products via co-extrusion

In this study calendering is used as a downstream technique to shape monolithic co-extruded fixed-dose combination products in a continuous way. Co-extrudates with a metoprolol tartrate-loaded sustained-release core and a hydrochlorothiazide-loaded immediate-release coat were produced and immediately shaped into a monolithic drug delivery system via calendering, using chilled rolls with tablet-shaped cavities. In vitro metoprolol tartrate release from the ethylcellulose core of the calendered tablets was prolonged in comparison with the sustained release of a multiparticulate dosage form, prepared manually by cutting co-extrudates into mini-matrices. Analysis of the dosage forms using X-ray micro-computed tomography only detected small differences between the pore structure of the core of the calendered tablet and the mini-matrices. Diffusion path length was shown to be the main mechanism behind the release kinetics. Terahertz pulsed imaging visualized that adhesion between the core and coat of the calendered tablet was not complete and a gradient in coat thickness (varying from 200 to 600 μm) was observed. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction indicated that the solid-state properties of both drugs were not affected by the calendering procedure.     

RA33/36抗原的纯化及相应抗体的检测

目的纯化RA33/36抗原,观察其检测效率。方法从小鼠Ehrlich腹水癌细胞中提取RA33/36粗抗原,使用肝素-琼脂糖凝胶CL-6B对RA33/36粗抗原进行亲和层析,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(SDS-PAGE)和免疫印迹法(IBT)检测富含RA33/36的组分,比较粗抗原和纯化抗原的检测效果。结果SDS-PAGE和IBT显示RA33/36抗原主要存在于缓冲液C的洗脱峰中,纯化抗原较粗抗原杂蛋白条带明显减少,且更加清晰,在检测RA33/36抗体时得到了相同的阳性和阴性结果。结论纯化的RA33/36抗原较粗抗原提高了抗体检测效率,可广泛应用于临床。     

甘草酸铵调控IL-33/ST2通路对特应性皮炎小鼠肥大细胞活化的影响

目的 研究甘草酸铵对特应性皮炎（AD）小鼠IL-33/ST2通路及肥大细胞的活化情况的影响。方法 72只ICR小鼠（雌雄各半）随机均分为对照组、模型组及甘草酸铵低、中、高剂量（25、50、100 mg/kg）和泼尼松龙（阳性药,60 mg/kg）组。除对照组外,以丙酮-DNCB为致敏源构建AD小鼠模型,建模后各组ip相应药物,对照组和模型组ip生理盐水。记录小鼠夜间搔抓次数;甲苯胺蓝患处皮肤组织染色法观察肥大细胞活化情况;ELISA法检测白细胞介素（IL）-33和ST2血清学水平;实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）和Weston blotting法检测皮肤组织中的IL-33和ST2 mRNA和蛋白水平。结果 与对照组比较,模型组小鼠的搔抓次数显著增多（P<0.05）,肥大细胞密度显著升高（P<0.05）,IL-33和ST2的血清学水平、皮肤组织的转录水平和蛋白表达水平均显著升高（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,泼尼松龙组和甘草酸铵低、中、高剂量组的搔抓次数和肥大细胞密度分别显著减少和降低（P<0.05）,IL-33、ST2的血清学水平、皮肤组织mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低（P<0.05）。结论 甘草酸铵能够明显抑制AD模型小鼠IL-33和ST2的血清学水平、皮肤组织中的转录水平和蛋白表达,降低了肥大细胞的活化程度,从而减轻AD的瘙痒症状。