前哨淋巴结活检术在早期乳腺癌保乳术中的应用

目的探讨前哨淋巴结活检术（sentinellymph node biopsy,SLNB）在早期乳腺癌保乳术中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析56例pT1.2N0M0期乳腺癌行保乳术＋前哨淋巴结活检术的临床资料。56例SLN阴性,未行腋窝淋巴结清扫术（axillary lymph node dissection,ALND）。术后辅以化疗、放疗,激素受体阳性患者行内分泌治疗。结果56例成功施行保乳手术,保乳术后双乳对称。SLNB替代ALND者各项术后并发症少。中位随访时间36个月（1～72个月）,1例发现局部复发,行乳腺癌改良根治术时发现腋窝淋巴结转移;1例发现腋窝淋巴结复发转移。结论SLNB可以缩小手术范围,减少术后并发症,保留腋窝形态,提高保乳质量。     

Eighteen Sensations After Breast Cancer Surgery: A 5-Year Comparison of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Axillary Lymph Node Dissection

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate prevalence, severity, and level of distress of 18 sensations at baseline (3–15 days) and 5 years after breast cancer surgery, and compare sensations after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with those after SLNB plus immediate or delayed axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Methods A total of 187 patients with breast cancer completed the Breast Sensation Assessment Scale at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 months after surgery to assess prevalence, severity, and level of distress of sensations. Of these, 133 had SLNB, and 54 had SLNB and ALND. Additionally, of the 187 patients, 141 had breast-conservation therapy and 46 had total mastectomy. Results Sensations were less prevalent, severe, and distressing after SLNB compared with ALND at baseline and at 5 years. This difference was most evident in those who had breast-conservation therapy. Most sensations after SLNB and ALND, even if prevalent, were not severe or distressing. Some sensations remained notably prevalent at 5 years, including tenderness and twinges after SLNB, and tightness and numbness after ALND. Phantom sensations were frequently reported by mastectomy patients. Conclusions Prevalence, severity, and level of distress of sensations were lower after SLNB compared with ALND, but some morbidity existed after SLNB. Certain sensations remained highly prevalent in both groups for up to 5 years.     

乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检初探

目的 探讨乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检的方法及临床意义。方法 回顾性分析该院前哨淋巴结活检的临床资料，用美兰标记法检测前哨淋巴结15例，采用石蜡连续切片法作出病理诊断。结果 美兰注射法乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检术灵敏度为87．5％(7／8)，准确率为80％(12／15)，假阴性率为12．5％(1／8)。结论 美兰注射法乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检对乳腺癌腋淋巴结的转移状况有一定的提示意义；术前彩超有助于对乳腺肿块的定性及腋淋巴结转移状况的判断。     

乳腺癌新辅助治疗后前哨淋巴结活检术应用的研究进展

腋窝淋巴结清扫术(axillary lymph node dissection,ALND)是新辅助治疗(neoadjuvant treatment,NAT)后腋窝淋巴结标准的处理方式.然而,ALND不能使NAT后腋窝淋巴结病理性完全缓解(pathologic complete response,pCR)的患者获益.现已证实,对于临床诊断腋窝淋巴结阴性(cN0)患者,前哨淋巴结活检术(sentinel lymph node biopsy,SLNB)可对其腋窝淋巴结进行准确评估,使部分患者免于接受ALND.目前多家研究机构着力将SLNB引入NAT后cN0的乳腺癌的治疗中,并在提高其检出率,降低假阴性率等方面获得了长足的进步.本文对近年来SLNB应用于NAT后cN0乳腺癌治疗的相关研究成果及诸多用于提高其准确性的方法进行阐述.