Skin CanceR Brachytherapy vs External beam radiation therapy (SCRiBE) meta-analysis

Background and purpose

To compare cosmesis and local recurrence (LR) of definitive external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) vs brachytherapy (BT) for indolent basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin.

Diagnostic accuracy of 18-F FDG-PET/CT in evaluation of malignant neuronal involvement in neurologically manifested cancer patients

Aim and objectives

The aim of this study was to assess the role of 18-F FDG-PET/CT in evaluating the peripheral malignant neuronal affection as well as perineural tumoral spread that occurs in patients with cancers.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment of tongue carcinoma is a heterogeneous cell population

ObjectivesTo examine different immunophenotypes of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and to investigate how they related to clinical outcomes.MethodsSerial sections from 54 cases of TSCC were immunohistochemically stained with α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA, CAF marker) to determine CAF density, and double-immunostained with αSMA combined with CD80 and CD86 (myeloid/monocytic-derived cell markers), Nanog (mesenchymal stem cell marker) and CD133 (hematopoietic/endothelial stem cell marker). Density of cells co-expressing these marker combinations was semi-quantitatively assessed in 5 randomly selected high power fields within the tumor area and scored as 1 – one-to-five stained cells in each field, 2 – more than 5 stained cells in each field; any finding less than score 1, was allocated a score of 0.ResultsThere were 26 CAF-poor, 16 CAF-rich and 12 CAF-intermediated cases. CD86⁺αSMA⁺ cells were the most frequent (80.4%) followed by CD80⁺αSMA⁺ (72%) and Nanog⁺αSMA⁺ cells (56%). The CD133⁺αSMA⁺ phenotype was found only in association with blood vessels. High density of αSMA⁺ CAFs was associated with disease recurrence and poor survival (p < 0.05). Increased density of CD86⁺αSMA⁺ cells was significantly associated with CAF-rich tumors and with poor survival (p < 0.05).ConclusionIn TSCC, CAFs demonstrate heterogeneous and overlapping phenotypes with the myeloid/monocytic type being the most frequent and having an impact on the clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed in order to further characterize CAF phenotypes in carcinomas of various oral sites, as this may open new frontiers for personalized medicine.     

鳞癌抗原检测在鳞癌诊断及疗效观察的价值

目的：探讨鳞癌抗原水平在鳞癌诊断和疗效观察的作用。方法：采用微粒子酶免疫测定５０４例不同组癌瘤患者、６０例良性疾病及７０例正常人血清,观察其在诊断上的敏感性和特异性及其与疗效的关系。结果：鳃癌抗原在治疗前鳞癌患者血清中阳性率与正常对照组,治疗后组、非鳞癌组、良性疾病组有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）;头颈鳞癌、食管鳞癌、肺鳞癌、宫颈鳞癌阳性率分别为４５．９％、４４．０％、６４．４％、５９．４％。治疗后     

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Case-control Study in Wuhan,China

High risk forms of the human papilloma virus (HPV) are generally accepted as necessary causative agentsfor cervical cancer. Recently, a possible relation between HPV and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) hasalso been noticed. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in OSCCs inWuhan city. DNA samples were collected from fresh tissues in 200 patients with OSCC and 68 normal controls.The polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were used to identify the HPV types in the samples. Theprevalence of HPV of all types in the OSCC group was higher than in the control group (55/200 vs 2/68, OR=11.5,95% CI=2.6-50.2). HPV16 and HPV18 were the main types detected, with HPV6 was the only low-risk typeidentified. High-risk HPV types HPV16 and HPV18 are prevalent in OSCC patients and may participate in thedevelopment of OSCC with traditional risk factors, tobacco and alcohol, possibly exerting synergistic effects.The results of multinomial logistic regression showed that those who smoked, consumed alcohol and with HPVinfection have the highest risk of developing oral cancer (OR=13.3, 95% CI=3.1-56.8). Adjusted for age, smokingand alcohol use, HPV infection was independently associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma.     

鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原检测在宫颈鳞癌中的临床意义

目的：探讨血清鳞状上皮细胞癌相关抗原（SCC—Ag）检测在宫颈鳞癌中的临床意义。方法：用全自动化学发光分析仪检测107例不同临床分期宫颈鳞癌患者血清SCC—Ag的含量,并与对照组进行对比分析。结果：SCC-Ag阳性率随临床分期进展而增高,不同分组之间呈显著性差异（P〈0．01）。SCC—Ag在宫颈鳞癌的表达与临床分期有关（P〈0．01）。结论：SCC—Ag是宫颈鳞癌较特异的肿瘤标志物,对宫颈鳞癌的辅助诊断、治疗效果及预后的判断有较大的价值。     

华蟾素胶囊联合TN化疗方案对中晚期宫颈癌放疗患者血清SCC、TSGF水平及生存质量的影响

目的:探讨华蟾素胶囊联合TN化疗方案(紫杉醇+奈达铂)在中晚期宫颈癌放疗患者中的应用效果。方法:选取中晚期宫颈癌放疗患者71例,按照随机数字表法分组,对照组35例给予TN化疗方案治疗,观察组36例给予TN化疗方案+华蟾素胶囊治疗,观察比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后血清鳞状细胞癌相关抗原（SCC）、肿瘤特异性生长因子（TSGF）水平及生存质量各维度评分变化情况,并统计两组毒副反应发生情况及1年、2年、3年生存率。结果:观察组临床缓解率为83.33%（30/36）,高于对照组57.14%（20/35）（P＜0.05）;治疗4个疗程后观察组血清SCC、TSGF水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组便秘、腹泻及恶心呕吐发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;观察组白细胞下降发生率为11.11%（4/36）,低于对照组31.43%（11/35）（P＜0.05）;治疗4个疗程后观察组认知、角色、躯体、社会及情绪功能生存质量评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组1年生存率为91.67%（33/36）、2年生存率为86.11%（31/36）、3年生存率为77.78%（28/36）,与对照组（91.43%、85.71%、74.29%）比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论:TN化疗方案联合华蟾素胶囊可降低中晚期宫颈癌放疗患者血清TSGF、SCC水平,提高其生存质量,疗效确切,安全性高。