蝎毒多肽对辐射损伤小鼠骨髓造血干细胞及祖细胞的作用

目的探讨不同蝎毒多肽(scorpion venom peptide,SVP)组分对辐射后机体造血干细胞及祖细胞恢复的作用。方法6.0GyX射线一次性全身照射,制作辐射损伤小鼠模型。内源性脾结节法观察照射后第10天脾集落形成单位(CFU-S)的变化。用甲基纤维素半固体培养基培养骨髓混合集落生成单位(CFU-Mix),观察体内外给药方法及照射后不同时间对CFU-Mix生成的影响。结果(1)体内实验:SVPⅣ组分处理后的CFU-S数明显高于照射对照组(P<0.05);SVPⅤ组分CFU-S数量与照射对照组差异无统计学意义。照射后各SVP组CFU-Mix的数量均高于照射对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)体外实验:与照射对照组相比,体外分别单独加入SVPⅣ、Ⅴ组分以及细胞因子(IL-6和SCF)均能够促进CFU-Mix的增殖;而SVPⅣ、Ⅴ组分分别与细胞因子联合应用对CFU-Mix生成的促进作用更为明显,其中Ⅳ组分效果更强,与照射对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论SVP具有保护辐射损伤小鼠造血干细胞及祖细胞,加速其增殖能力恢复的作用。     

Upregulation of VEGF and FGF2 in normal rat brain after experimental intraoperative radiation therapy

The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 in the irradiated brain was examined to test how a single high dose radiation, similar to that used for intraoperative radiation therapy given to the normal cerebrum, can affect the vascular endothelium. After a burr hole trephination in the rat skull, the cerebral hemisphere was exposed to a single 10 Gy dose of gamma rays, and the radiation effect was assessed at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after irradiation. Histological changes, such as reactive gliosis, inflammation, vascular proliferation and necrosis, were correlated with the duration after irradiation. Significant VEGF and FGF2 expression in the 2- and 8-week were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantification in the radiation group. Immunohistochemical study for VEGF was done and the number of positive cells gradually increased over time, compared with the sham operation group. In conclusion, the radiation injuries consisted of radiation necrosis associated with the expression of VEGF and FGF2. These findings indicate that VEGF and FGF2 may play a role in the radiation injuries after intraoperative single high-dose irradiation.     

近场射频辐射条件下大白鼠共振吸收频率的研究

在Ｅ极化、辐射电平１ｍｗ／ｃｍ２条件下，在４０．６８ＭＨｚ～４ＧＨｚ频段内６个频率点上，利用红外热图术观察了６０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ成年大白鼠，连续辐射１ｈ后，体表及各部位体表温度变化。结果表明，体表温度与肛温变化有很好的一致性，并在１．５ＧＨｚ有最大值。它表明在该频率下，实验鼠吸收射频能量最大，表现出明显的谐振吸引特性。     

Pigeon allergens in indoor environments: a preliminary study

BACKGROUND: Few studies have measured pigeon allergens in non pigeon coop environments. This study was conducted to determine approximate pigeon dropping allergen concentrations in indoor environments. METHODS: Polyclonal antibody serum was prepared by injecting a rabbit three times with crude wild pigeon dropping extract in 50 mM Tris buffer with Freund's adjuvant. One hundred and fifteen dust samples were collected in a pigeon-infested school, pigeon coops, homes and hospitals and analyzed by a direct competitive pigeon enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The highest level of pigeon allergen inhibitory activity were recorded in four samples from pigeon coop bedding samples with a median activity of 11.2% relative to pigeon droppings. The second highest level of pigeon allergens was in a pigeon-infested high school with a median or 7.4% activity relative to pigeon droppings. At an entrance underneath pigeon roosts, one sample had a relative inhibitory activity of 62.3%. Pigeon allergen inhibitory levels were generally low in the home and hospital samples, but nevertheless 46 out of 89 of these samples were still above detection limit. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that large concentrations of pigeon allergens can be found in buildings without domestic pigeons such as the pigeon-infested high school.     

Radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer: eleven year experience at the JCRT

Radiation therapy (XRT) for 41 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer resulted in a median survival of 7.0 months. There was no difference in median survival for patients receiving external beam alone (3500 to 5600 cGy) (n = 28), intraoperative (IORT) boost plus external beam (5040 to 6750 cGy) (n = 9), or a gold-198 implant +/- external beam radiation (n = 4). A pilot study using orthovoltage IORT boost indicates no acute toxicity with doses of 1250 to 1750 cGy. Serious late damage has not been observed in any patients followed to 2 years. Local recurrence in patients treated post-operatively after "radical" surgery occurred in one of 10 (10%). This adjuvant treatment is safe and appears to improve local control rates compared to historical data, but survival is still poor. The median survival for the post-operative group is 10 months; three patients are alive without disease 8 months to 8.3 years after treatment.     

The influence of radiation therapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations defined by monoclonal antibodies

We studied the influence of radiation therapy on lymphocyte subpopulations in 17 patients undergoing adjuvant radiation therapy for primary breast cancer, and eight patients receiving brachytherapy and external beam irradiation for primary cancer of the uterus. Radiation therapy reduced B- and T-lymphocytes in proportion to the total lymphocyte population so that their percentages remained unchanged. Determination of helper and suppressor T-lymphocytes before, during and 6 months after completion of radiotherapy revealed that in both groups of patients suppressor T-lymphocytes were more resistant to and recovered faster after radiotherapy. This resulted in a decline of the "immunoregulatory balance" (helper/suppressor ratio). Although this ratio had been higher in both groups of patients than in healthy age- and sex-matched controls before therapy, it became normal and subnormal during and after radiotherapy. The clinical significance of the differential influence of radiotherapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations remains to be determined.     

The effect of lucanthone on sublethal radiation damage, in vivo

The capacity of the Chinese hamster jejunal crypt cell to accumulate and repair sublethal radiation damage was determined by analyzing the return of the shoulder of the radiation dose-crypt microcolony survival curve (Dr) after a priming dose of 1250 rad. The control split dose crypt cell survival curve exhibited a D0, Dr and "n" of 179 +/- 3 rad, 261 +/- 3 rad and 4.3 respectively; repair of sublethal radiation damage was completed by two hours post-irradiation. The effect of lucanthone (an antischistosomal DNA intercalating agent) on the crypt cell's capacity to accumulate and repair sublethal radiation damage was determined by injecting the drug (100 mg/kg, i.p.) at intervals before irradiation with a priming dose of 1250 rad, followed two hours later by graded doses. Injection coincident with the priming dose of radiation resulted in a 22 rad reduction of the Dr (compared to control Dr). Injection eight hours before the priming dose almost completely inhibited the accumulation and repair of sublethal radiation damage so that the resultant Dr two hours later was only 29 rad (a 232 rad reduction). At no time was the D0 of the crypt cell survival curve affected by lucanthone. These data confirm previous results from whole crypt analysis and LD50/7 analysis that non-toxic concentrations of lucanthone reversibly inhibit the accumulation and repair of sublethal radiation damage in a time-dependent manner with complete inhibition approximately eight hours post-injection. This drug is useful for the study of sublethal radiation damage in vivo and may be beneficial in radiation therapy of cancer when it is desirable to inhibit the repair of sublethal radiation damage.     

非小细胞肺癌术后放疗的临床意义

目的　观察非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)术后放疗的价值。材料与方法　回顾性分析我院自 1985 - 0 1～1995 - 12经手术治疗的非小细胞肺癌 170例 ,分为单纯手术组 (单术组 ) 94例 ,手术加放疗组 (术放组 ) 76例 ,单术组Ⅰ、Ⅱ期病例略多。单术组术后未再接受其他治疗 ;术放组术后 2～ 4周进行放疗 ,6MV -X线常规分割外放疗DT5 0GY～ 60GY。分别统计 2组间 5年总生存率、5年无瘤生存率、局部复发率和远处转移率 ,为了排除 2组间病期早晚对顾后的影响 ,还单独分析了Ⅲ期病例 2组间各分析指标的差别 ,统计采用X2 检验。结果　单术组和术放组的 5年总生存率分别为 31 9% (30 / 94 ) ,31 6% (2 4 / 76) ,(P >0 0 5 )。 5年无瘤生存率分别为 2 5 5 % (2 4 / 94 ) ,2 8 9% (2 6/ 76) ,(P >0 0 5 )。 2组局部复发率分别为 31 9% (30 / 94 ) ,2 3 7% (18/ 76) ,(P>0 0 5 )。远转率分别为 4 8 9% (4 6/ 94 ) ,4 4 7% (34 / 76) (P >0 0 5 )。单纯分析Ⅲ期病例 ,单术组和术放组 5年无瘤生存率分别为 2 5 % (14 / 5 6) ,38 7% (2 4 / 62 ) (P >0 0 5 )。 2组局部复发率分别为 39 3% (2 2 / 5 6) ,2 4 2 % (15 / 62 ) ,(0 0 5

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The effect of postmastectomy radiation therapy on high-risk patients with T1-2N0 breast cancer

BackgroundThe prognostic impact of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) on high-risk patients with T1-2N0 breast cancer is controversial. We aimed to investigate the effect of PMRT on high-risk patients with T1-2N0 breast cancer.MethodsA total of 3439 patients diagnosed with T1-2N0 breast cancer who received mastectomy between 2000 and 2016 in our institute were retrospectively analyzed. Leveraging the Fine and Gray competing risks regression in unirradiated patients, risk factors of locoregional recurrence (LRR) were identified. All patients were stratified into high-risk (3 or 4 risk factors) and low-risk (no more than 2 risk factors) groups. The prognostic effect of PMRT was estimated in two subgroups. This subgroup analysis was also performed in patients with T2N0 breast cancer.ResultsThe median follow-up was 89 months. The 5-year cumulative incidence of LRR was 2.2% in unirradiated patients. Tumor size, estrogen receptor (ER) status, histologic grade and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were identified as independent risk factors of LRR. In the high-risk group, PMRT was correlated with a 8.3% risk reduction of 5-year LRR, 7.8% risk reduction of 5-year distant recurrence (DR), and 6.4% risk reduction of 5-year breast cancer mortality (BCM), whereas it was not correlated with LRR, DR, or BCM in low-risk group. In patients with T2N0 breast cancer, PMRT was associated with decreased LRR, DR and BCM in high-risk group, other than low-risk group.ConclusionsPMRT presented heterogenous effect on patients with T1-2N0 breast cancer. Patients at high risk of LRR were more likely to benefit from PMRT.