Ultra-low-dose unenhanced chest CT: Prospective comparison of high kV/low mA versus low kV/high mA protocols

Purpose

To qualitatively and quantitatively compare unenhanced ultra-low-dose chest computed tomography (ULD-CT) acquired at 80 kVp and 135 kVp.

Treatment of skin necrosis after radiation synovectomy with yttrium-90: a case report

Chronic synovitis, unresponsive to systemic medical therapy including agents, anti-inflammatory drugs and remission-inducing agents, and intra-articular administration of corticosteroids can be treated with surgical, chemical and radiation synovectomy. We reported a case of a 23 years old male. Skin radiation necrosis (4 x 5 cm) developed after an injection of Yttrium-90 (Y-90). Full-thickness skin graft had been applied but we were not able to succeed. Skin radiation necrosis was treated with Limberg's flap. As a result we recommend flap surgery instead of skin graft in skin radiation necrosis.     

The additive effect ofα-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and radiation therapy on a rat glioma model

Summary The effects of -difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), radiation and the therapy of their combination were investigated in rats bearing G-XII glioma. DFMO treatment as well as radiation therapy prolonged the survival period when compared to the results in non-treated control rats. The combination therapy showed a greater effect on the survival rate than the single therapies, the effect being additive. The concentration of putrescine, spermidine, andN ¹-acetylspermidine in tumor tissues was lowered by DFMO, while that of spermine was slightly elevated. Radiation decreased the concentration of all the polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, spermine andN ¹-acetylspermidine. The concomitant treatment with DFMO and radiation further decreased the concentrations of putrescine andN ¹-acetylspermidine in tumor tissues. The survival period of glioma-bearing rats is inversely correlated with the tissue levels of putrescine plusN ¹-acetylspermidine.Abbreviations DFMO -difluoromethylornithine - BrdUrd bromodeoxyuridine     

A case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Humicola fuscoatra

A 51-year-old housewife with hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Humicola fuscoatra is reported. The diagnosis was made by an inhalation challenge with H. fuscoatra antigen. She was admitted for diagnosis and treatment of a fever and productive cough. Auscultation of her lungs revealed inspiratory fine crackles. Her chest CT showed diffuse miliary nodules in a centri-lobular distribution with patchy ground glass opacities. Findings of transbronchial lung biopsy and BAL fluid were compatible with a hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Her symptoms worsened on returning home, which suggested the existence of some aetiological agent in the subject's house. H. fuscoatra, Penicillium decumbens and Aspergillus versicolor were isolated from a number of rooms. High titres of serum anti H. fuscoatra, P. decumbens and A. versicolor were detected. Inhalation challenge tests with both P. decumbens and A. versicolor antigen were negative, in contrast to that with H. fuscoatra which was positive. Based on these results, we advised the patient to cleanse her entire house. Since cleaning, her symptoms have not worsened upon returning home. This is the first report of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by H. fuscoatra antigen.     

规范化应用“双低”扫描CT血管成像

随着对CT辐射剂量及对比剂肾病认识的不断重视,近年来"双低"CTA扫描技术被逐步应用并成为研究热点。"双低"CTA技术旨在保证影像质量满足诊断需求的前提下,降低受检者X线辐射剂量和碘摄入量。本文针对"双低"概念的提出、基本原理、扫描技术规范和临床应用现状进行综述。     

前置自适应统计迭代重建技术对体模肺纯磨玻璃结节图像质量及辐射剂量的影响

目的 分析高分辨率Revolution CT不同权重前置自适应统计迭代重建技术（Pre-ASiR-V）对仿真胸部体模中肺纯磨玻璃结节（pGGN）图像质量及辐射剂量的影响,以寻找最佳Pre-ASiR-V权重。方法 采用Revolution CT对含有4个pGGN的仿真胸部体模进行扫描,Pre-ASiR-V权重分别设置为0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%,记录并比较不同Pre-ASiR-V权重图像的平均噪声、有效辐射剂量（ED）和pGGN图像质量的主观评分。结果 Pre-ASiR-V权重为0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的图像平均噪声分别为（17.93±2.20） HU、（17.30±3.68） HU、（18.20±3.44） HU、（18.80±0.20） HU、（19.87±2.56） HU和（15.90±4.56） HU,差异无统计学意义（F=0.568,P=0.723）;ED分别为7.40 mSv、5.16 mSv、3.36 mSv、1.97 mSv、0.97 mSv和0.33 mSv,与Pre-ASiR-V为0的图像比较,随着Pre-ASiR-V升高,ED分别降低30.27%、54.59%、73.38%、86.89%、95.54%。2名医师对pGGN图像的主观评分一致性较好（Kappa=0.778,P=0.003）,评分均 ≥ 3分。Pre-ASiR-V权重为80%及100%时,图像的主观评分略低。结论 Pre-ASiR-V权重对仿真胸部体模高分辨率图像的噪声影响较小,但可显著降低辐射剂量;Pre-ASiR-V权重60%为最佳选择。     

64排CT前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉成像降低辐射剂量的研究

目的通过比较64排螺旋CT前瞻性心电门控与回顾性心电门控冠状动脉成像的图像质量和辐射剂量,探讨前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉成像技术在降低辐射剂量中的作用。资料与方法 157例疑似冠状动脉疾病的患者随机分为两组,前瞻性心电门控组85例和回顾性心电门控组72例,两组心率均<65次/min,记录两组的成像质量和辐射剂量,并进行统计学分析。结果前瞻性心电门控组有效辐射剂量(4.42±1.52)m Sv明显低于回顾性心电门控组(14.84±3.98)m Sv(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义;前瞻性心电门控和回顾性心电门控两组冠状动脉成像质量评价差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且前瞻性心电门控组图像优秀率略高于回顾性心电门控组。结论在较低且平稳的心率(≤65次/min)条件下,采用64排螺旋CT前瞻性心电门控技术即能有效降低辐射剂量,又能保证临床诊断所需的冠状动脉图像质量。