放射诱导胃癌细胞的凋亡及其相关基因的研究

目的观察放射诱导人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901凋亡的作用，并进一步研究bcl-2基因及家族、bax基因、p53基因在此过程中的作用。方法用不同剂量的9 MeV β线照射SGC-7901细胞，观察细胞在受照后的不同时间生长情况。电子透射电镜下观察细胞形态变化。琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA条带变化。流式细胞仪检测受照前后细胞周期及凋亡率的变化。免疫细胞化学法检测受照前后bcl-2、bax、p53基因的表达水平。结果单次剂量照射后，SGC-7901细胞凋亡率与时间、剂量有相关性。在放射诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡的过程中，bcl-2基因表达水平下降，bax基因表达水平升高，而p53基因表达水平无变化。结论放射能够诱导胃癌细胞株SGC-7901凋亡，凋亡率在72h达高峰。bcl-2及bax基因参与了放射诱导凋亡的调控。细胞凋亡主要是通过p53基因非依赖途径。     

Role of early EEG and neuroimaging in determination of prognosis in children with complex febrile seizure

BACKGROUND: The present study investigates the role of early use of EEG in children with no known neuropathology prior to the first CFS, and the contribution made by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to treatment and prognosis. METHODS: Over a period of 7 years, the authors evaluated 159 children (age range: 2 months-5 years) who were being treated for CFS at Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Pediatrics Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey, and who had no previously known neurological disorder. Patients who presented with febrile seizure were determined to have CFS if they fulfilled the following criteria: <3 months of age when seizure occurred, duration of seizure >/=15 min, more than one seizure occurred during a single episode of illness, or focal seizures and postictal neurological deficit was found. EEG was performed on all patients. CT was performed on the patients who had postictal neurologic deficit or focal seizures. Cranial MRI was performed on patients who had focal findings in their EEGs. RESULTS: Electroencephalogram abnormality was found in 71 cases; 51 of these were diagnosed with epilepsy during follow up. Six of the 16 cases whose EEGs were abnormal between days 2 and 6 were diagnosed with epilepsy. Twenty of the 30 cases whose EEGs were abnormal between days 7 and 10 were diagnosed with epilepsy. All 25 cases who had abnormal EEGs after day 11 were diagnosed with epilepsy. CT was performed for 36 patients, of which five were found to have pathological changes. Pathological changes were detected in two of the nine patients who had cranial MRI. Patients who received CT or MRI were all diagnosed with epilepsy during follow up. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that if neurological examination of CFS patients are normal after their clinical status has stabilised, EEG should be performed after 7 days at the earliest, however for the most accurate diagnosis EEG should be performed 10 days after CFS. The most important predictor for neuroimaging was found to be detection of postictal neurologic deficit. MRI had no advantages over CT in first treating CFS in the emergency unit.     

屏蔽措施对电磁辐射致学习记忆障碍的防护

目的 探讨电磁辐射对大鼠学习记忆的影响及其机制，观察铝箔的不同屏蔽方式对电磁辐射的防护效果。方法 采用主动回避反应(AAR)和一次性被动回避反应(PAR)观察电磁辐射后大鼠学习记忆能力，采用Fura-2荧光检测海马突触体游离钙的变化，以及采用铝箔进行全身屏蔽和躯干屏蔽后对学习记忆能力和海马突触体钙含量的影响。结果 电磁波辐照可引起大鼠长时记忆和短时记忆能力减退，辐照后即刻和24h海马突触体游离钙呈双峰状升高，全身屏蔽后电磁波辐照对大鼠学习记亿能力和海马突触体游离钙基本不产生影响，躯干屏蔽对以上指标白乞变化影响不明显。结论 电磁辐射可明显影响大鼠学习记亿能力和海马突触体游离钙含量，海马突触体游离钙超载可能是大鼠学习记忆障碍的直接原因。全身屏蔽方式对电磁辐射具有较好的防护效果，而躯干屏蔽对电磁辐射基本无防护作用。     

Effects of irradiation on nasal mucociliary clearance in head and neck cancer patients

A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on fifty patients of histopathologically confirmed head and neck cancer with the main aim to assess the nasal mucociliary clearance, pre-and post-irradiation; and to compare the findings with the healthy non-irradiated age and sex-matched controls. All the patients underwent saccharin particle test for nasal mucociliary clearance before commencement of radiation therapy and again within 6 months of completion of radiation therapy. The difference between the saccharin perception times of nasal mucosa in the healthy non-irradiated controls and the pre-irradiated head and neck cancer patients were statistically inssignificant (P>0.05). But, the difference between the saccharin perception times of nasal mucosa in the pre-and post-irradiated head and neck cancer patients was found to be statistically significant (P=0). It is concluded that even indirect irradiation of nasal mucosa in head and neck cancer patients significantly affect its ciliary activity. Significance of total radiation dosage along with chemotherapy in some cases was also studied.     

中药药膜加微波照射对实验性大鼠乳腺增生的影响

目的 观察中药药膜、微波照射和药膜加微波照射对乳腺增生病的预防和治疗作用。方法 采用苯甲酸雌二醇配合应用少量黄体酮肌肉注射，建立乳腺增生病大鼠模型。于造模后2周外敷药膜和微波照射，并于给药和照射前后测量大鼠第2对乳头直径，放免法测定血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)和催乳素(PRL)浓度，镜下观察乳腺增生的病理改变，计算乳腺增生率。结果 中药药膜能显著降低实验性大鼠乳腺增生程度，抑制乳腺增生，乳腺增生率分别为23．4％和20．9％，并可调节E2和P浓度，降低PRL水平，病理组织学结果提示中药药膜组和药膜加照射组可明显减轻乳腺增生。结论 中药药膜外敷和药膜外敷加微波照射能降低乳腺增生程度，具有一定的防治乳腺增生病的作用。     

腔内高剂量与低剂量近距离放射治疗中晚期肺癌疗效比较

目的探讨高剂量率后装腔内放疗结合体外放疗治疗中晚期肺癌合适剂量分割与临床疗效。方法61例中晚期肺癌随机分为A组和B组。A组腔内放疗施源器中轴外5～10mm处参考剂量10Gy/次/周×2～3次/2～3周;B组腔内放疗施源器中轴外5～10mm处参考剂量5Gy次/周×4～6次/4～6周。体外放疗两组相同。结果A组1、3、5年局控率分别为74.2%、26.7%和16.7%。B组1、3、5年生存率分别为64.5%、45.2%和20.9%。两组比较,统计学无显著意义(P>0.05)。A组1、3、5年局控率分别为60.0%、33.3%和20.0%。B组1、3、5年局控率分别为74.2%、61.3%和41.9%,两组3、5年局控率有显著意义(P<0.05)。并发症:大咯血、放射性食管炎、气管支气管炎、肺炎、气管及肺纤维化等A组明显高于B组(P<0.01)。结论192铱高剂量率后装腔内放疗低剂量放疗优于高剂量放疗,疗效高,并发症少。结合体外放射腔内放疗合适剂量应以5Gy/次周,总剂量20～30Gy为宜。     

鼻腔内激光照射疗法对缺血性脑血管病低切粘度及红细胞压积的影响

目的：观察鼻腔内激光照射疗法对缺血性脑血管病低切粘度及红细胞压积的影响，方法：采用鼻腔内激光照射治疗仪治疗60例病人，治疗前后抽空腹静脉血测定低切粘度及红细胞压积。结果：临床及实验室结果表明，鼻腔内激光照射疗法对于降低低切粘度及红细胞压积有显著作用（p〈0．001），结论：鼻腔内激光照射疗法可改变血液流变学及脑的血液循环，使受伤的神经组织再生，为急性缺血性脑血管病提供一种新的治疗方法。     

超声波作用下NaBH4/ZrCl4还原9(E)-红霉素肟制备9(S)-红霉胺

9(S)-红霉胺是合成地红霉素和CP-544372的中间体，此化合物可在超声波的作用下利用NaBH4／ZrCl4于室温下还原9(E)-红霉素肟制得，收率为69％，其结构经IR、NMR和MS确证。该方法是制备9(S)-红霉胺的方便、有效的途径。     

大鼠胸腺内注射MBP诱导免疫耐受对手术SBI引起的脑神经功能缺陷和脑水肿作用研究

为探讨大鼠胸腺内注射髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)诱导免疫耐受对手术脑受损(SBI)引起的脑神经功能缺损和脑水肿的影响。选取SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、SBI模型组和MBP处理组,模型组胸腺注射等渗盐水,MBP处理组注射MBP,采用改良神经功能缺陷评分(MNSS)评价各组大鼠神经功能,检测各组大鼠脑水肿体积及血清炎性因子,PCR检测脑组织FasL mRNA表达。结果显示大鼠胸腺内注射MBP诱导免疫耐受,可改善SBI大鼠的脑神经功能缺陷和脑水肿,减轻炎性反应,说明MBP通过诱导免疫耐受,减轻脑受损大鼠的脑神经功能缺陷和脑水肿。