综合护理在老年髋关节置换术患者中的应用

目的：探讨综合护理在老年髋关节置换术中的应用效果。方法将68例老年髋关节置换术患者按住院号随机分为对照组和观察组各34例,对照组采用常规手术及护理,观察组在对照组的基础上实施综合护理干预。对两组患者干预后髋关节Harris评分、感染、便秘、电解质紊乱等并发症的发生率及患者满意度进行比较。结果观察组患者关节活动度、功能、疼痛、畸形评分分别为(4.35±0.44),(40.91±2.30),(40.58±1.18),(3.60±0.23)分,均高于对照组评分[(3.88±0.18),(39.32±2.48),(39.00±1.37),(3.41±0.36)分],观察组关节功能恢复情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.689,2.379,5.114,2.512;P<0.05)。观察组患者感染、电解质紊乱、便秘及其他并发症的发生率分别为2.9%,2.9%,5.9%,5.9%,低于对照组的17.6%,17.6%,23.5%,23.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为3.981,3.981,4.221,4.221;P<0.05)。干预后观察组患者基础护理、专科护理、服务态度、健康教育、总体满意度分别为(28.88±0.91),(29.06±0.81),(18.50±1.19),(18.65±1.04),(95.18±2.89)分,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对老年髋关节置换术患者实施综合护理,能够提高患者的术后康复质量,减少并发症的发生,提高患者满意度。     

68例慢性乙型肝炎患者对疾病认知及心理和行为问卷调查

目的 了解患者对慢乙肝疾病相关知识认知、对疾病的心理和行为应对情况,以更好评估慢乙肝患者对疾病的认知、防治需求,对待疾病的态度和行为,疾病带给慢乙肝患者的心理压力,为慢乙肝患者的健康管理、心理干预提供依据.方法 对在2011年1月至2013年6月到昆明医科大学第二附属医院肝胆胰内科门诊就诊和住院的68位慢乙肝患者在诊疗前后进行个人访谈和问卷调查,并由受过专业培训的医护人员对问卷调查中发现的问题进行一对一的指导.结果 大部分患者知道疾病的一般知识,对疾病缺乏较深层次的认识.宣教前与宣教后患者在乙肝传播途径、带来的后果认知、加重肝损伤因素的认知及保护家人不受感染的措施等方面问卷得分进行t检验,P＜0.05具有统计学意义.对自我护理和预防保健没有充分认识,患者对乙肝相关疾病知识的认识和了解与文化程度和病程长短有关,69.1％的患者存在一定的心理问题.结论 医护人员加强对慢乙肝相关疾病知识的深度和广度的宣传,针对患者的心理问题给予积极的心理疏导,争取社会支持系统对患者提供有针对性的帮助,提供准确的健康指导和连续的干预,促进患者主动采纳健康行为建议,对监测和防控患者的病情发展,对慢性乙肝患者的未来的健康管理有重要意义.     

Protocol driven palliative care consultation: Outcomes of the ENABLE CHF-PC pilot study

Background

Little has been reported about protocol-driven outpatient palliative care consultation (OPCC) for advanced heart failure (HF).

Evaluation of the anti-candidal activity of methanolic leaf extract of cleistopholis patens (fam. Annonaceae) on candida species isolated from stage II HIV patients

BackgroundCandida species (sp) is implicated in causing opportunistic disseminated mycotic complications in stage II HIV patients. Cleistopholis patens is a West African medicinal tree reported to have significant antifungal activity against C. albicans.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the anti-candidal activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cleistopholis patens against Candida species isolated from stage II HIV patients.MethodsThe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract and Nystatin®® was determined by agar dilution method. The killing rate studies of the plant extract and Nystatin® were also determined.ResultsThe extract had activity against all Candida isolates, with the MIC against the five isolates ranging from 6.0 – 9.8 mg/ml. Nystatin® also demonstrated plausible activity against the isolates with MICs ranging from 0.3125 — 25 mg/ml. Candida albicans strain 2 was the most sensitive to both extract and Nystatin® with MIC values of 6 and 0.3125 mg/ml respectively. Candida krusei was the least sensitive with MIC values of 9.8 and 25 mg/ml for the extract and Nystatin® respectively. The killing rate values for the extract ranged from −0.029 to −0.091 min⁻¹ and that of Nystatin® ranged from −0.076 to −0.112¹⁶ min⁻¹.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the methanolic extract of Cleistopholis patens is a promising clinical alternative besides Nystatin® in the treatment of infections caused by Candida species in stage II HIV patients.     

综合性护理对老年糖尿病合并重症脑梗塞患者的效果研究

目的研究综合性护理对老年糖尿病合并重症脑梗塞患者的效果。方法选取2015年1月—2018年12月该院收治的50例合并重症脑梗塞的老年糖尿病患者,采用随机数字表的方法将其随机分为常规组和观察组,各25例,常规组患者入院后采取常规临床护理服务进行干预;观察组患者入院后在常规组的基础上加入综合性护理服务进行干预,对比两组患者护理效果、两组患者干预前、后血糖水平及欧洲卒中量表(ESS)评分变化、两组患者护理满意度。结果观察组护理总有效率(92%)显著优于常规组(72%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者干预前血糖水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组患者均有所好转,但观察组明显优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的满意度(84%)明显高于常规组满意度(56%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对老年糖尿病合并重症脑梗塞患者采取综合性护理干预,能够有效的提高治疗效果,改善患者的病情,同时提高患者满意度,降低护患纠纷发生几率,值得积极推广与应用。