带管病人病员服的研制与临床应用

引流管是手术后最常用的基本措施之一，常用的引流管一般有2～3根，多者为5～6根，如胸腔引管、T管、导尿引流管和负压引流。引流管的基本原理是消除积液，消除有害物质，解除管腔阻塞，以达到治疗疾病和伤口愈合的目的。     

Nurse mentor perceptions in the delivery of a home-based cardiac rehabilitation program to support patients living in rural areas: An interpretive study

Home-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs improve health outcomes for people diagnosed with heart disease. Mentoring of patients by nurses trained in CR has been proposed as an innovative model of cardiac care. Little is known however, about the experience of mentors facilitating such programs and adapting to this new role. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore nurse mentor perceptions of their role in the delivery of a home-based CR program for rural patients unable to attend a hospital or outpatient CR program. Seven nurses mentored patients by telephone providing patients with education, psychosocial support and lifestyle advice during their recovery. An open-ended survey was administered to mentors by email and findings revealed mentors perceived their role to be integral to the success of the program. Nurses were satisfied with the development of their new role as patient mentors. They believed their collaborative skills, knowledge and experience in coronary care, timely support and guidance of patients during their recovery and use of innovative audiovisual resources improved the health outcomes of patients not able to attend traditional programs. Cardiac nurses in this study perceived that they were able to successfully transition from their normal work practices in hospital to mentoring patients in their homes.     

医学伦理与老龄保健事业

本文简要介绍医学伦理与医疗卫生工作,特别是老龄保健事业之间的紧密联系,指出医学伦理要求医务人员在医疗实践中应遵循的三个基本原则。医务人员应将患者的利益放在首位,处理好医患关系。由于我国人口众多,加之年龄日益老化,进入新世纪后,繁重的老龄保健事业对医疗卫生工作提出更高要求,同时也使医学伦理面临新的挑战和机遇。     

脑梗死长期卧床病人褥疮的辨证施护

通过采用抗生素盐酸左氧氟沙星及中成药生肌玉红膏,同时配合物理疗法的皮肤按摩以及红外照射的综合护理治疗褥疮病人,结果显示病人的褥疮创面感染情况得到有效控制,值得推广。     

随访干预在门诊消化性溃疡患者中的应用研究

目的探讨随访干预在门诊消化性溃疡患者中的应用效果。方法随机将87例消化性溃疡患者分为实验纽44例和对照组43例。对实验组进行了随访干预，对照组实施传统医疗服务干预。采用WH0生存质量测定量表对患者生活质量及治疗依从性进行观察并评价其效果。结果实验纽与对照蛆干预前生活质量各难度及治疗依从性的评分均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；而实验组干预后生活质量各堆度及治疗依从性的评分较干预前均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论实施随访干预能提高门诊消化性溃疡患者生活质量及治疗依从性。     

性病患者社会支持及社交回避与苦恼

目的了解性病患者社会支持及社交回避与苦恼情况。方法采用领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）和社交回避与苦恼量表（SADS）,对2005-2011年来门诊就诊的189名性病患者和176名健康人进行问卷调查。结果性病患者组SADS总分、回避因子、焦虑因子均高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。而性病患者组PSSS总分、家庭支持、朋友支持、其他支持得分低于健康组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论性病患者领悟到的社会支持低,在社交方面回避倾向及内心苦恼的感受较为严重     

精神分裂症患者生活质量与自知力及精神症状的关系

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者自知力及精神症状对生活质量的影响。方法:选取符合美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)中精神分裂症诊断标准的医院门诊和住院患者共180例。采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、自知力评定量表(SAI)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)对患者进行评估。结果:生活质量的生理因子与依从性、疾病意识、精神症状标识及自知力总分显著负相关(r=-0.232,-0.243,-0.171,-0.274;P0.05);心理因子与疾病意识和自知力总分显著负相关(r=-0.219,-0.203;P0.01);生活质量总分与疾病意识和自知力总分负相关(r=-0.169,-0.175;P0.05),生活质量受自知力总分和阴性症状的影响(β=-0.312,P=0.000;β=-0.157,P=0.037),疾病意识对生活质量心理因子有预测作用(β=-0.291,P=0.003);生活质量总分受自知力总分的影响(β=-0.594,P=0.019)。结论:1自知力较好的患者生活质量较低;2心理因子受疾病意识的影响;3阴性症状对生活质量有影响。     

云南省昭通市巧家县地震后患者心理状态及心理恢复

目的:研究云南省昭通市巧家县地震后患者心理状态及心理恢复。方法:2014年8月23日到9月11日笔者和同事对巧家县共计258例就诊者进行前瞻性观察性研究,国际疾病伤害及死因分类标准第十版(ICD-10)分析抑郁、恐惧和品行障碍情况。结果:重伤和轻伤各个时间段之间心理状态差距具有统计学意义(χ2=12.522,P=0.000)。轻伤者心理状态较重伤者普遍好,恢复也快。两组入院和出院的品行障碍在组间和组内之间均无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组入院抑郁发作和广泛焦虑均无统计学差异(P0.05)。出院时重伤组与轻伤组相比具有统计学差异(t=3.243,P0.05)。重伤组和轻伤组入院和出院时相比具有统计学差异(t=4.531,P0.05)。结论:巧家县地震后重症和轻症患者心理状态均恢复良好,出院时比入院时心理恢复好。患者能很快恢复正常生活,以美好的心态迎接未来的人生。