舌鳞状细胞癌中肿瘤干细胞耐药性研究

目的：探讨舌鳞状细胞癌中肿瘤干细胞对化疗的耐受作用。方法：用磁珠分选技术、细胞免疫荧光染色和药物毒性试验等方法,研究经分选后得到的肿瘤干细胞和阴性细胞在化疗药物作用后其细胞增殖活性的差异。结果：细胞免疫荧光结果显示,CD133和CD44在分选出来的CD133^＋／CD44^＋细胞高表达而在CD133^-／CD44^-细胞基本不表达。CCK8实验结果显示分选出来的CD133^＋／CD44^＋细胞较CD133^-／CD44^-细胞在化疗药物作用下有更高的细胞成活率。结论：经磁珠分选出来的舌癌肿瘤干细胞（CD133^＋／CD44^＋细胞）更能耐受化疗药物的作用。     

Perceptual and response interference in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment

Objectives

The ability to resolve conflicts is indispensable to the function of daily life and decreases with cognitive decline. We hypothesized that subjects with different levels of cognitive impairment exhibit different conflict resolution performances and may be susceptible to interference effects at different stages.

Methods

Sixteen normal controls (NC), 15 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and seven Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients were recruited to perform in a modified Eriksen flanker task.

Results

We observed that the AD and MCI patients exhibited smaller accuracy rate and longer response time compared to NC subjects. Longer N2 and P300 latencies were observed in the AD group. Furthermore, the MCI group showed a longer latency than the NC group in the P300 latency. The magnitude of the perceptual and response interference effects was larger in the AD group than the other groups, and the MCI group significantly differed from the NC group at the perceptual level.

Conclusion

The ability to resolve conflict decreased with impaired cognition and the perceptual and response interference effects may be useful in distinguishing MCI and AD.

Significance

The perceptual or response interference effect may potentially be employed as a useful non-invasive probe for the clinical diagnosis of MCI and AD.     

Art materials and processes – a place of meeting art psychotherapy with a four-year-old boy

Abstract

This article explores the complex role of art materials and processes in art psychotherapy with a four-year-old boy with developmental delay. Individual art psychotherapy sessions were conducted over an eighteen-month period. By focusing in detail on work done in the first seven months of his therapy, the author is able to highlight the multifaceted role played by art materials and processes in supporting therapeutic change. The pivotal role played by engagement with the art materials paint, water, sand, whiteboard and clay is described in detail. Initial negotiations that focused on the boys use of and relationship with the materials laid the foundations of a relationship with his therapist in which he was able to develop an internal space that was separate from outside experience and so begin to develop an independent identity. Countertransference was used as a tool for understanding the boys interactions with the materials, for finding meaning in apparent mindlessness and for providing containment in order to lay the foundations of a sense of self. This assisted the development of his language and ability to play in the sessions as well as supporting his social development in his family and elsewhere. The authors arguments are contextualised in current art therapy theory as well as with reference to psychoanalytic concepts, child psychotherapy and art education.     

胃肠道肿瘤干细胞生长相关信号转导通路

根据目前肿瘤的干细胞起源理论,肿瘤的生长是极少量肿瘤干细胞增殖的结果,而肿瘤干细胞的生长调控与多种信号转导通路有关.笔者就胃肠道肿瘤干细胞生长相关信号转导通路的研究进展做一综述.     

Alternative organization of speech perception deficits in children

Children's first‐language perception base takes shape gradually from birth onwards. Empirical research has confirmed that children may continue to fall short of age‐based expectations in their speech perception. The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of various perception processes in both reading and learning disabled children. A series of experiments was carried out with 450 Hungarian‐speaking schoolchildren: learning disabled, reading disabled and typically developing control first‐, second‐, and third‐graders. Data from seven perception tasks—focusing on acoustic, phonetic and phonological perception processes—were analysed. Results revealed that (i) there is no linear development in all groups across ages, (ii) correct performance is characteristic of both the perception process and the type of disability, and (iii) a specific pattern of organization can be drawn up as a factor in development.     

MicroRNA在胃癌中的调控机制及预后价值

作为非编码RNA (ncRNAs)的一种,微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)在基因表达调控方面受到广泛关注.MiRNA参与细胞周期、细胞凋亡、细胞迁移等进程,在肿瘤发生发展过程中也发挥重要作用.中国胃癌发病率较高,但对胃癌的治疗未能取得突破性进展,进展期胃癌患者往往预后不佳.目前尚缺乏可对胃癌患者预后进行判断的有效生物学标志,胃癌耐药也是临床的棘手问题.如何根据有效的生物学标志来判断预后,并针对这些靶点展开治疗,如何改善胃癌化疗耐药问题.miRNA在基因调控方面的作用给攻破这些难题带来了可能.该文是近年来关于miRNA与胃癌患者预后关系,改善患者预后,化疗耐药调控等方面的最新研究的综合论述.