淋巴结清扫数目对无淋巴结转移胃癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨胃癌根治术中淋巴结清扫数目对无淋巴结转移患者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析1995年1月至2004年12月期间221例施行D2根治术、术后经病理证实无淋巴结转移的胃癌患者的临床资料.对本组患者预后因素进行单因素及多因素分析,分析淋巴结清扫数目与术后5年生存率及术后并发症发生率的关系.结果 221例无淋巴结转移胃癌患者术后5年生存率为83.5%.淋巴结清扫数目是影响本组患者预后的独立因素之一.相同浸润深度患者的术后5年生存率有随淋巴结清扫数目的 增加而增高的趋势(P<0.05).淋巴结清扫数目pT1.2期≥15枚、pT3期≥20枚时,患者术后5年生存率较高(P<0.05).本组患者术后并发症发生率为10.8%,淋巴结清扫数目与术后并发症发生率的无显著相关性(P>0.05).结论 淋巴结清扫数目是无淋巴结转移胃癌患者的独立预后因素,应积极争取清扫足够的淋巴结,以提高疗效;合理的淋巴结清扫数目并不增加患者术后并发症的发生率.     

胃癌10和11组淋巴结转移及其清扫

目的：研究胃癌脾门淋巴结(No．10)和脾动脉周围淋巴结(No．11)转移规律，进一步探讨No．10和11清扫的必要性和方法。方法：1991年-2000年132例行全胃切除，D2以上淋巴结清扫的胃癌患者，回顾性研究临床病理资料，包括性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、大小、浸润深度、病理类型、其他淋巴结转移等对No．10和11转移的影响，比较全胃切除和全胃联合脏器切除的并发症发生率。结果：胃癌具有较高的No．10或11淋巴结转移率(18．9％)，Logistic回归分析表明，胃癌部位、病理类型、浸润深度和大小弯淋巴结转移五项临床病理指标影响No．10和U转移率。联合脏器切除的并发症发生率(32％)明显高于单纯全胃切除(11．2％)，联合肢体尾切除增加肠下脓肿发生率，而脾切除并不增加全胃切除的危险性。结论：No．10和11在胃癌有较高的转移率和特定的转移规律，预防性和治疗性的清扫实属必要，联合左侧肢体尾加脾切除增加手术危险性，应严格掌握的适应证。而保留胰腺，切除脾血管和脾清扫No．10．和ll淋巴结合理可靠。     

Pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.

BACKGROUND: The purpose is to determine the rate of lymph node metastases in women with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (EAE) undergoing systematic lymphadenectomy. METHODS: Patients (349) underwent a complete pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy from caudal to the median circumflex to the level of the renal vessels. RESULTS: Grade 1 tumors accounted for 32.7% of the tumors and 31.0% of the positive nodes, grade 2 accounted for 47.3% of the tumors (37.9% of positive nodes), and grade 3 accounted for 20.1% of the tumors and 31.0% of the positive nodes (P>0.05). Positive nodes were found in 15.8% of grade 1 tumors, 13.3% of grade 2 tumors and 25.7% of grade 3 tumors (P>0.05). Isolated para-aortic involvement without pelvic nodal involvement occurred in 29% of patients with positive nodes. CONCLUSIONS: When complete lymphadenectomies are performed in EAE, positive lymph nodes (including isolated para-aortic lymph nodes) are common in all grades.     

Lymphadenectomy in Gleason 7 prostate cancer: Adherence to guidelines and effect on clinical outcomes

Background

To examine usage trends, guideline adherence, and survival data for patients undergoing lymphadenectomy (LND) at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) for Gleason 7 prostate cancer (PCa).

Evaluación del tratamiento del carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo de cabeza y cuello en la edad avanzada. Análisis de la supervivencia

Introduction

It is unknown whether cervical lymphadenectomy as a treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (cSCCh&n) increases survival in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine whether this procedure has an influence on the survival of these patients, and whether the Short-Form Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI-SF) can be used as an alternative to age in the surgeon's estimation of elderly patient mortality.

Surgical evaluation of lymph nodes in esophageal adenocarcinoma: Standardized approach or personalized medicine?

The extent of lymphadenectomy for esophageal adenocarcinoma remains controversial. Outstanding issues include the appropriate technical approach such as transthoracic versus transhiatal, or open versus minimally invasive, both of which have implications on overall lymph node harvest numbers and morbidity. Recent data on the relationship of total number of lymph nodes harvested and oncologic survival have been conflicting, due in part to a likely differential impact of lymphadenectomy on survival based on tumor stage and response to neoadjuvant therapy. While standardizing the extent of lymphadenectomy may be desirable, a more useful approach might be to tailor lymphadenectomy considering the multidimensional impact of surgical technique and multimodal treatment strategy.     

腹腔镜与开腹宫颈癌根治术的临床对比分析

目的探讨腹腔镜与传统开腹宫颈癌根治术的治疗效果。方法回顾分析30例Ⅰa～Ⅱb期行腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术患者与同期33例开腹手术患者的临床资料。结果腹腔镜组与开腹组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、住院天数、术后伤口感染发生率等差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,而清扫淋巴结数目差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术是安全可行的,且具有手术切口小、创伤小、术后恢复快等优点。     

The role of lymph node density in bladder cancer prognostication

Pelvic lymph node metastases from bladder cancer occur in about 25% of patients undergoing radical cystectomy. While the majority of patients with lymph node metastases will develop progressive disease, some patients do exhibit long-term survival with and without adjuvant chemotherapy. The concept of lymph node density has been proposed as a means to stratify patient prognosis since it takes into account two important factors—the number of positive nodes (tumor burden) and the total number of nodes removed/examined (extent of dissection). Due to the lack of agreement on the extent of lymphadenectomy, lymph node density facilitates standardization of lymph node staging, thus allowing for adjuvant therapies and clinical trials to be more uniformly applied. Whether lymph node density provides improved prognostication over the standard nodal staging or absolute number of positive lymph nodes remains controversial. We review the literature regarding the role of lymph node density in the prognostic stratification of node-positive bladder cancer.     

Laparoscopic radical correction combined with extensive lymphadenectomy and pelvic autonomic nerve preservation for mid-to-low rectal cancer

Objective

The purposes of this study were to confirm the definite metastasis and micrometastasis rate of upward and lateral lymph nodes of mid-to-low rectal cancer at stage II and stage III, and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic radical correction combined with extensive lymphadenectomy and pelvic autonomic nerve preservation (PANP).

Methods

The study was performed in 68 patients who were diagnosed with mid-to-low rectal cancer at stage II or stage III and received laparoscopic radical correction combined with extensive lymphadenectomy and PANP from June 2006 to June 2008 in the General Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital. All lymph nodes resected in the surgeries were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stain and immunohistochemistry with an antibody against cytokeratin 20 (CK20) to confirm the conditions of metastasis and micrometastasis. We compared the postoperative complications with those of traditional surgeries.

Results

In 1571 lymph nodes, 16 lymph nodes were found to have definite metastasis in 6 patients (8.8%) and in 41 lymph nodes we found micrometastasis in 12 patients (17.6%). The total metastasis rate of upward and lateral lymph nodes was 19.1%. Compared with traditional surgeries, the new surgery had less blood loss and short convalescence and postoperative complications were not increased.

Conclusion

The total metastasis rate of upward and lateral lymph nodes is 19.1%. The laparoscopic radical correction combined with extensive lymphadenectomy and PANP is feasible and safe.