微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间融合术中横突定位法置钉治疗腰椎退行性疾病

目的 探讨微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)中横突定位法置钉治疗腰椎退行性疾病的可行性.方法 回顾性分析2017年1月—2019年5月在新华医疗集团新华医院接受MIS-TLIF治疗的70例腰椎退行性疾病患者的临床资料,其中采用横突定位法置钉33例(观察组),采用传统人字嵴定位法置钉37例(对照组).记录并比较2组术中出血量、透视次数、置钉时间、一次置钉成功率、置钉优良率、关节突关节破坏率,在术前、术后3个月和末次随访时采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分评价患者腰椎功能及疼痛程度.结果 所有手术顺利完成,患者随访16～36(23.18±3.91)个月.观察组置钉时间、透视次数、关节突关节破坏率显著低于对照组,一次置钉成功率、置钉优良率显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术中出血量组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2组术后3个月、末次随访时VAS评分和ODI均较术前显著改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 MIS-TLIF术中采用横突定位法置钉治疗腰椎退行性疾病近期疗效良好,可减少置钉时间,提高置钉成功率与准确率.     

不同年龄非特异性腰痛患者腰椎曲度相关因素分析

目的 分析不同年龄段非特异性腰痛患者人口学因素、临床特征及竖脊肌形态与腰椎曲度的相关性.方法 选取2016年1月—2019年12月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院和国家电网北京电力医院收治的临床影像学资料完整的非特异性腰痛患者99例,记录患者年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、腰痛持续时间、腰痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分.于腰椎侧位X线片测量腰椎前凸角,于腰椎横断面MRI测量L4,5节段去除脂肪信号后的双侧竖脊肌横截面积(CSA)及L4 CSA.依据患者年龄分为≥65岁组(16例)和<65岁组(83例),比较2组人口学因素、腰痛持续时间、VAS评分、竖脊肌参数和腰椎前凸角的差异,并分析腰椎前凸角与其他指标的相关性.结果 <65岁组L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA高于≥65组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).2组性别、BMI、VAS评分、腰痛持续时间及腰椎前凸角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).在<65岁组中,相关性检验显示性别和L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA与腰椎前凸角存在相关性,多元线性回归分析显示腰椎前凸角与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA呈正线性相关.在≥65岁组中,相关性检验显示腰椎前凸角与年龄和L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA存在相关性,多元线性回归分析显示年龄与腰椎前凸角呈负线性相关、与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA呈正线性相关.结论 非特异性腰痛患者性别、年龄、L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA与腰椎曲度均存在相关性,<65岁的患者腰椎曲度与性别相关,≥65岁的患者腰椎曲度与年龄相关,而腰椎曲度与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA的相关性不依赖于年龄.     

Evaluation of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Retrospective Study

ObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and open fenestration discectomy (OFD) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).MethodsPatients in our hospital with LDH who received PTED (n = 71) and OFD (n = 39) from 2013 to 2014 were retrospectively studied. Patient information, including age, gender, visual analogue scale (VAS) score for low back pain and leg pain, body weight, height, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), and recurrence, was collected. The patients in the two groups were followed up for an average of 63 months after surgery.ResultsA total of 136 patients completed the operation and 110 patients were followed up completely. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0.05). The postoperative low back pain, leg pain, ODI, and JOA of the two groups were better than those preoperatively (P < 0.05). One week after surgery, the recovery of PTED patients was better than that of OFD. The ODI score of the PTED group was lower than that of the OFD group (10 [8, 12] vs 14 [11, 16]; P < 0.05), the waist VAS score of the PTED group was lower than that of the OFD group (2 [2, 3] vs 3 [2, 4]; P < 0.05), the leg VAS score of the PTED group was lower than that of the OFD group (1 [0,1] vs 1 [1, 2]; P < 0.05), while the JOA score of the PTED group was higher than that of OFD group [19(16, 20) vs 12(10, 17); P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in ODI, JOA, waist and leg VAS scores between the two groups at 1 month after surgery and at subsequent follow‐up (P > 0.05). At the end of the follow up, 89.7% (35/39) of patients in the OFD group had excellent improvement in the JOA score, and 88.7% (63/71) of patients in the PTED group had an excellent improvement. There was no significant difference between the two (P > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups [(5/71) vs (3/39); P > 0.05]. [Correction added on 05 March 2021, after first online publication: “3/29” was amended to “3/39” in the preceding sentence.]ConclusionBoth PTED and OFD can achieve good mid‐term efficacy in the treatment of LDH but PTED has certain advantages, including the small incision, a shorter hospital stay, and quicker, earlier recovery. However, prospective randomized controlled studies with a larger sample size are needed.     

Full‐Endoscopic Foraminotomy with a Novel Large Endoscopic Trephine for Severe Degenerative Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis at L5S1 Level: An Advanced Surgical Technique

To (i) introduce the technical notes of a novel full‐endoscopic foraminotomy with a large endoscopic trephine for the treatment of severe degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis at L₅S₁ level; (ii) assess the primary clinical outcomes of this technique; (iii) compare the effectiveness of this full‐endoscopic foraminotomy technique and other previous techniques for lumbar foraminal stenosis. From January 2019 to August 2019, a retrospective study of L₅S₁ severe degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis was performed in our center. All patients who were diagnosed with severe foraminal stenosis at L₅S₁ level and failed conservative treatment for at least 6 weeks were identified. Patients with segmental instability or other coexisting contraindications were excluded. A total of 21 patients were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated by full‐endoscopic foraminotomy using large endoscopic trephine. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6 months, and 1 year after the surgery, and the modified MacNab criteria were used to evaluate clinical outcomes at the last follow‐up. There were 10 males and 11 females with a mean age of 66.38 ± 9.51 years. Five patients had a history of lumbar surgery. The mean operative time was 63.57 ± 25.74 min. The mean follow‐up time was 13.29 ± 1.38 months. The mean postoperative hospital stay time was 1.29 ± 0.56 days. The mean preoperative VAS score significantly decreased from 7.38 ± 1.02 to 2.76 ± 1.09 (t = 19.759, P < 0.01), 2.25 ± 1.02 (t = 21.508, P < 0.01), 1.60 ± 1.05 (t = 31.812, P < 0.01), and 1.45 ± 1.10 (t = 25.156, P < 0.01) at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the operation. The mean preoperative ODI score significantly decreased from 64.66% ± 4.91% to 30.69% ± 4.59% (t = 33.724, P < 0.01), 29.44% ± 4.50% (t = 32.117, P < 0.01), 24.22% ± 4.14% (t = 33.951, P < 0.01), and 22.44% ± 4.94% (t = 30.241, P < 0.01) at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the operation. At the last follow‐up, 19 patients (90.48%) got excellent or good outcomes. One patient suffered postoperative dysesthesia, and the symptoms were controlled by conversion treatment. One patient took revision surgery due to the incomplete decompression. There were no other major complications. Percutaneous endoscopic decompression is minimally invasive spine surgery. However, the application of endoscopic decompression for L₅S₁ foraminal stenosis is relatively difficult due to the high iliac crest and narrow foramen. Full‐endoscopic foraminotomy with the large endoscopic trephine is an effective and safe technique for the treatment of degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis.     

Repair of lumbar incisional hernia using polypropylene mesh strip sutures – A case report

IntroductionLumbar hernias are considered rare and they constitute less than 1.5% of all abdominal wall hernias.Case reportHere we present a case of a 72-year-old female with a left flank swelling since 2-years diagnosed as a lumbar incisional hernia. This lumbar incisional hernia¹ was repaired successfully using polypropylene mesh strip sutures.²DiscussionMany surgical techniques have been described for repair of LIH. Suture repair, mesh repair and myofascial flaps have been described for lumbar hernias. Repairing a lumbar hernia can be surgically challenging because of its proximity to bony structures, which can limit proper dissection and mesh overlap. We performed defect closure with PMSS. Patient has no recurrence after 2 years of follow up.ConclusionIn our case of left lumbar incisional hernia, defect closure with PMSS was an effective operation. This technique may also be effective in potentially contaminated settings due to reduced implant load. Further studies are required to understand its biomechanics and long-term outcomes.     

The R-zero line: a new kinematic concept of the lumbar spine

Summary A new kinematic concept is described that relates to the notion that the lumbar spine behaves as a complete structure. This concept is called the R-zero line and represents kinematically the neutral position of the lumbar spine between anteflexion and retroflexion. The clinical significance of this parameter is evaluated in normal individuals and in patients with a symptomatic herniated disc at L4–5, with a symptomatic herniated disc at L5–S1, and with spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis. The results of this study show that the R-zero line has a characteristic configuration in all four test groups.     

女性输卵管结扎术后腰痛病机及医疗体育疗法

对女性输卵管结扎术后腰痛进行调查和病理分析 ,以中药配合医疗体育康复治疗术后腰痛 ,取得较好疗效 ,并提出预防措施。     

12例腰椎间盘突出合并腰骶神经背根节嵌压

目的：了解腰椎间盘同合并腰骶神经背根节（ＤＲＧ）嵌压的机制。方法：１２例腰椎间盘突出患者术中发现：髓核切除后神经根张力仍较大并固定,沿神经根探查发现腰骶神经ＤＲＧ充血并肿大,直径０．８－１．２ｃｍ,平均１．１ｃｍ。嵌压物为增生的上关节突和增生肥厚的关节囊韧带。１２例病人共探查１５个ＤＲＧ,其中位于椎间孔６例,椎管和椎间孔交界７例,椎间孔外２例同时合并腰神经在椎间孔外嵌压。     

Isovelocity investigation of the lengthening behaviour of the erector spinae muscles

The purpose of this study was to investigate the force-velocity (F/) relationship for the erector spinae muscles in submaximal activation movements, with particular attention to their response during lengthening movements and at lower shortening contraction velocities. Dynamic models that predict lower back muscle forces require reasonable representations of the modulating effect of instantaneous velocity. Ten males were observed performing trunk flexion and extension in the sagittal plane under constant load. Contraction velocities were measured as the first derivative from a devise sensitive to changes in spine curvature, and controlled by a visual feedback system while a constant load was applied through a chest harness. The erector spinae exhibited a yielding phenomenon which causes an abrupt drop in force during constant velocity stretching under constant, submaximal, stimulation. The findings were consistent with previous isovelocity muscle lengthening experiments. Yielding appeared dependent on the level of load/activation supporting the theory of a state-variableF/ relationship. The eccentric behaviour of the lower erectors (L3) seemed independent of velocity and length, while that of the upper erectors (T9) showed a dependence on length. At lower concentric velocities, concavity in torque-velocity curves was noted after a threshold velocity. The findings of this study strongly reinforce the notion that theF/ length relationship is not a continuous hyperbolic relationship during muscle shortening and that the commonly modelled force augmentation effect of lengthening is incorrect, at least for submaximal activation of the extensors of the lower back.     

192例腰椎间盘突出症患者的诊断及手术治疗分析

目的：总结分析１９２例腰椎间盘突出症及侧隐窝狭窄伴黄韧带肥厚患者的诊断和手术治疗。方法：经临床检查明确定位、定性诊断,影像学检查证实,采用小切口半椎板或全椎板切除减压、突出椎间盘髓核切除手术治疗。结果：手术证实腰椎间盘突出症１８９例,侧隐窝狭窄伴黄韧带肥厚３例,术后随访６月－５年,优良率７９％。结论：临床检查是腰椎间盘突出症诊断的基础,影像学检查对进一步明确定位诊断和鉴别诊断是必要的。手术指征的严格把握是手术成功的关键。