Insight into the mechanisms underlying tumor response to boron neutron capture therapy in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model

Objective: The therapeutic success of different boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) protocols employing the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model has been previously reported by our laboratory. The aim of this study was to explore potential mechanisms of BNCT‐induced damage to tumor in terms of potential inhibition in DNA synthesis and induction of apoptosis in the tumors that underwent partial remission following application of the different BNCT protocols in this model. Materials and methods: We evaluated DNA synthesis employing incorporation of 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine as an end‐point. Apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry employing the deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate‐biotin nick end‐labeling technique and Bax and Bcl‐2 labeling. These studies were performed in tumors that underwent partial remission 1–30 days post‐BNCT mediated by boronophenylalanine (BPA), GB‐10 (Na₂¹⁰B₁₀H₁₀) or (BPA + GB‐10). Results: BNCT exerted a marked inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis in tumors for all the protocols under study. The inhibitory effect of BPA‐BNCT occurred as soon as 1 day post‐treatment (P < 0.001). Conversely, the effect of GB‐10‐BNCT became apparent 7–14 days after therapy (P < 0.001) and was sustained until killed at 30 days post‐treatment (P < 0.001). (GB‐10 + BPA)‐BNCT exerted a rapid and persistent effect, conceivably because of the combined effect of BNCT mediated by both boron compounds. The apoptosis studies did not show differences between the pre‐treatment group and any of the BNCT groups. Conclusions: One of the mechanisms involved in BNCT‐induced tumor control in our model would be an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis. Apoptosis does not seem to have a significant role in BNCT‐induced tumor control in our model.     

Role of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in glutathione catabolism

Introduction:  Our previous studies demonstrated that three enzymes, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), cysteinylglycinase (CGase) and cystalysin, are required for the catabolism of glutathione to produce hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in Treponema denticola . In this study, we examined glutathione catabolism in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans .
Methods:  The GGT and CGase of A. actinomycetemcomitans were determined by biological methods and GGT was characterized using a molecular biological approach.
Results:  A. actinomycetemcomitans showed GGT and CGase activity, but could not produce H₂S from glutathione. The addition of recombinant T. denticola cystalysin, an l -cysteine desulfhydrase, to whole cells of A. actinomycetemcomitans resulted in the production of H₂S from glutathione. Subsequently, we cloned A. actinomycetemcomitans GGT gene ( ggt ) and overexpressed the 63 kDa GGT protein. The recombinant A. actinomycetemcomitans GGT was purified and identified. The K _cat/ K _m of the recombinant GGT from N -γ- l -glutamyl-4-nitroaniline as substrate was 31/μ m /min. The activity of GGT was optimum at pH 6.9–7.1 and enhanced by thiol-containing compounds.
Conclusion:  The results demonstrated that A. actinomycetemcomitans had GGT and CGase activities and that the GGT was characterized. The possible role of A. actinomycetemcomitans in glutathione metabolism and H₂S production from oral bacteria was discussed.     

Transmission of Helicobacter pylori from Challenged to Nonchallenged Nude Mice Kept in a Single Cage

To determine the transmission route of Helicobacter pylori, one nude mouse was challenged by H. pylori, and then raised with nonchallenged nude mice in a single cage in a sterilized environment with and without exposure to their feces. After coraising for two and four weeks, all mice were killed to determine H. pylori in the stomach, saliva, and feces and to assess gastritis grade. Natural transmission of H. pylori occurred in 50% (2/4) and 70% (7/10) of mice after two weeks and four weeks of coraising when they were exposed to their feces. H. pylori was detected not only in the stomach but also in saliva and feces by PCR of all challenged and transmitted mice. However, no transmission occurred in mice not exposed to feces of a challenged mouse, while sharing food and water in a single cage. These findings suggest that the fecal–oral transmission route is important, at least in the animal model. Serum levels of anti-H. pylori urease IgG of the H. pylori-transmitted mice increased after coraising, and gastritis was observed in the stomach of both challenged and transmitted mice. We conclude that H. pylori bacteria are transmitted through the fecal–oral route from challenged to nonchallenged nude mice, resulting in gastritis.     

颞下颌关节紊乱病患者关节滑液硫酸软骨素含量变化及意义

目的观察颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)患者关节滑液中硫酸软骨素(CS)的含量变化,探讨其在TMD诊断中的价值.方法用高效液相色谱法检测10例正常人颞下颌关节(对照组)、32例颞下颌关节结构紊乱病(ID组)、28例颞下颌关节骨关节病(OA组)患者关节滑液中CS不饱和二糖ΔDi-6S与ΔDi-4S.结果三组关节滑液中均能检测出ΔDi-6S,ID组及OA组均检测到ΔDi-4S,对照组仅有3例检测到痕量ΔDi-4S.ΔDi-6S与ΔDi-4S含量在ID组及OA组均高于对照组(P均＜0.001),OA组亦高于ID组(P＜0.01).结论 TMD患者关节滑液中CS含量增加,且随病变的加重CS含量增加,其可以作为一种生化标志用于TMD的早期诊断.     

白色念珠菌对人口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞的作用研究

目的研究白色念珠菌对人口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞的作用机制。方法将培养的口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞分别加入孢子型白色念珠菌(孢子组)和菌丝型白色念珠菌(菌丝组),另将单独培养的口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞作为阴性对照组。比较各组对口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞的黏附作用,并观察白色念珠菌对口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞的凋亡和增殖作用。结果菌丝组黏附指数(7.63±1.39)显著高于孢子组(3.47±1.04),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);菌丝组凋亡率[(3.49±0.4)%]显著高于孢子组[(2.07±0.15)%]和阴性对照组[(1.98±0.07)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而孢子组和阴性对照组凋亡率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。菌丝组G0/G1期细胞比例[(38.17±7.83)%]显著低于孢子组[(49.47±11.41)%]和阴性对照组[(57.71±9.39)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);S期[(8.54±4.03)%]、G2/M期[(20.18±9.59)%]细胞比例上升,且显著高于孢子组[(6.47±2.73)%、(10.71±3.19)%]和阴性对照组[(5.35±2.11)%、(12.38±4.35)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PI[(42.79±18.73)%]明显高于孢子组[(28.67±8.79)%]和阴性对照组[(26.87±7.64)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而孢子组和阴性对照组PI相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论白色念珠菌能够导致口腔黏膜上皮角质细胞发生凋亡和增殖周期改变。     

护肝中药“五田保肝液”急性毒性实验研究

[目的]明确护肝中药"五田保肝液"的用药安全剂量范围,为临床用药安全提供实验依据。[方法]依据中药、天然药物急性毒性实验研究技术指导原则设计实验,观察小鼠急性毒性反应,并记录其死亡情况,确定急性毒性实验中五田保肝液半数致死量(LD50)或最大给药量。[结果]半数致死量实验中未测得LD50,最大给药量实验获得小鼠最大给药量折合生药228 g/(kg·d),相当于成人临床用药量的120倍。[结论]护肝中药"五田保肝液"急性毒性反应低,临床常用药物剂量安全可靠。     

慢性咽喉炎应用蓝芩口服液治疗的临床分析

目的：探讨慢性咽喉炎应用蓝芩口服液治疗的临床分析。方法将2013年7月—2014年7月在该院内科治疗的100例慢性咽喉炎患者随机分为两组,对照组采用常规治疗的方法,观察组在此基础上服用蓝芩口服液,治疗2个疗程后比较两组患者的临床效果、症状改善时间、不良反应等。结果对照组治疗有效率为82%,观察组治疗有效率为94%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组咽部疼痛充血、咽部粘膜干燥、咽痒咽干、咽部异物感等在症状改善时间上明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组均未有明显不良反应（P＞0.05）。结论慢性咽喉炎应用蓝芩口服液治疗效果显著,利于症状的缓解,减少复发,具有积极的临床意义。     

多维铁口服溶液治疗小儿缺铁性贫血疗效探讨

目的：探讨多维铁口服溶液治疗小儿缺铁性贫血的临床效果。方法选取2011年12月—2013年12月在该院接受缺铁性贫血治疗的患儿60例分为观察组和对照组,观察组患儿给予多维铁口服液治疗,对照组患儿给予葡萄糖酸亚铁口服液治疗。结果观察组患儿治疗的总有效率为93.3%,对照组患者治疗总有效率为80.0%,观察组高于对照组,数据对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论在对缺铁性贫血患儿实施治疗的过程中,多维铁口服溶液可以提高治疗的有效率,改善患者HB以及SF等指标,降低不良反应的发生率,具有显著的效果,值得临床推广。     

参仙升脉口服液辅助治疗缓慢性心律失常疗效观察

摘 要 目的: 观察参仙升脉口服液辅助治疗缓慢性心律失常的疗效和安全性。方法：缓慢性心律失常患者80例按就诊顺序分为两组。对照组患者采用常规治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上加用参仙升脉口服液20 ml,po bid。两组均治疗4周。比较两组治疗前后24 h动态心电图变化、临床疗效及药品不良反应。结果：观察组临床总有效率为92.5%,明显高于对照组的70.0%（P＜0.05）。观察组患者治疗后24 h动态心电图检查结果明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗中两组患者均未出现明显不良反应。结论：常规治疗基础上加服参仙升脉口服液可有效提高缓慢性心律失常的临床疗效,安全性好,具有推广应用价值。