EGFR、Her-2、HIF-1α、p53对进展期食管鳞癌新辅助化疗疗效的预测价值

目的:探讨食管鳞癌相关因子EGFR、Her-2、HIF-1α和p53对进展期食管鳞癌新辅助化疗疗效的预测价值.方法:回顾分析日照市人民医院2011年1月-2015年1月行紫杉醇联合顺铂方案新辅助化疗的进展期食管鳞癌(Ⅲ期)患者94例,采用免疫组化方法检测食管鳞癌组织中EGFR、Her-2、HIF-1α和p53的表达情况,应用RECIST1.1标准和病理组织学相结合方法行化疗疗效评估,Logistic多因素回归分析各标与化疗疗效关系.结果:本研究组患者新辅助化疗总有效率为56.38％ (53/94),全部为部分缓解.疾病稳定占41.49％ (39/94),疾病进展占2.13％ (2/94).新辅助化疗前后各因子表达差异无统计学意义(均P ＞0.05).Her-2表达阳、阴者化疗有效率分别为81.82％ (9/11)、53.01％(44/83),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.01).p53表达阳、阴者化疗有效率分别为31.37％(16/51)、86.05％(37/43),两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).Her-2阳表达同时p53阴表达者7例,其中化疗有效5例.EGFR和HIF-1α表达与化疗敏感无关(P＞0.05).多因素分析显,Her-2和p53是新辅助化疗的独立影响因素(均P＜0.05).结论:Her-2和p53作为新辅助化疗独立影响因子,可在化疗前对疗效进行预测,可能对患者新辅助化疗选择提供临床依据.     

Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase 10 is associated with poor survival in patients with early stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Matrix metallopeptidase 10 (MMP10) is frequently expressed and correlates closely with metastasis and poor prognosis in various human cancers. However, the significance of MMP10 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its role in ESCC progression remains unclear. In this report, upregulation of MMP10 mRNA was detected in 39/60 (65.0%) of primary ESCC tissues compared with their paired nontumor esophageal tissues. Tissue microarray (TMA) study found protein overexpression of MMP10 in 188/239 (78.7%) of primary ESCC tissues but not in their corresponding nontumor esophageal tissues, suggesting that overexpression of MMP10 may play important roles in ESCC development and progression. Although the overexpression of MMP10 was not significantly associated with disease-specific survival rate (P= 0.182) for all tested ESCCs, it was significantly associated with poorer disease-specific survival (P= 0.001) in early stage of ESCCs (I-IIA). In addition, multivariate analysis found that MMP10 expression in tumor tissues was evaluated as a potential independent prognostic factor for early stage ESCC patients. These findings suggest that MMP10 plays an important role in ESCC progression in the early stage, and overexpression of MMP10 in tumor tissues could be used as a potential prognostic marker for patients with early clinical stage of ESCC.     

转录因子Yin Yang 1(YY1)在食管癌中的表达及其对食管癌细胞功能的影响

目的:探讨转录因子Yin Yang 1(YY1)在正常食管组织和食管鳞癌组织中的表达及其在食管癌发生发展中的作用?方法:免疫组化染色检测15例正常食管组织,39例食管癌旁组织和88例食管癌组织样品中YY1蛋白表达水平;噻唑蓝(MTT)和克隆实验检测食管鳞癌细胞(TE-1细胞)增殖和生长变化;蛋白质印迹(Western blot)技术检测转染后转录因子YY1和p21表达水平;细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验检测TE-1细胞迁移?侵袭能力的变化?结果:与正常食管组织和食管癌旁组织相比,YY1 蛋白在食管鳞癌组织样品中的表达显著提高?此外,转染了YY1过表达载体后明显抑制TE-1细胞生长,而干扰YY1表达则可促进细胞的生长;同时伴随着YY1靶基因p21(也称p21WAF1/Cip1)的变化?TE-1细胞转染YY1过表达载体后,细胞的侵袭?迁移能力增强?结论:食管鳞癌组织中YY1表达显著上调,YY1可调节细胞的生长和转移侵袭能力?因此,YY1有望成为食管癌诊断和发展的分子标志物,也有可能是食管癌基因治疗的一个潜在靶点?     

P21^WAF-1和cyclinD1蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中表达的研究

目的研究P21^WAF-1和cyclinD1在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及与临床病理的相关性。方法用免疫组化方法检测80例食管鳞癌标本和80例正常食管组织中P21和cyclinD1蛋白的表达水平。结果P21蛋白和cyclinD1蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达均明显增加,与癌细胞的分化程度、肿瘤的TNM分期密切相关。P21在正常食管黏膜生发层细胞中也有少量的表达。结论1921与cyclinD1参于调节细胞的生长周期,P21可以作为临床预测食管鳞癌预后的潜在的指标。     

Value of ~（18）F-FDG PET/CT and MRI in diagnosing primary endometrial small cell carcinoma

Primary small cell carcinoma（SCC） is a group of aggressive neoplasms that mainly arise from the lung and digestive tract. Endometrial small cell carcinoma（ESCC） is extremely rare. To our knowledge, less than 90 cases have been reported, and most of these reports were dedicated to describing the clinicopathologic or immunochemical features of ESCC. Herein, we present a new case of ESCC involving a 51-year-old woman and mainly focus on the magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） and positron emission tomography/computed tomography（PET/CT） findings. MRI showed that the uterus was significantly enlarged（11.6 cm × 11.1 cm × 14.4 cm）, and a giant irregular mass（7.5 cm × 8.4 cm × 8.5 cm） was observed in the uterine cavity. The lesion demonstrated an extremely low apparent diffusion coefficient（ADC） value [（0.553±0.088）×10^–3 mm^2/s] and a high FDG uptake value（22.7）. Multiple metastatic lymph nodes（LNs） were identified at different positions, with diameters ranging from 0.3 to 2.8 cm and a maximum standardized uptake value（SUV max） ranging from 6.9 to 19.3.     

Genetic alterations in a telomerase-immortalized human esophageal epithelial cell line: Implications for carcinogenesis

Ectopic expression of viral oncoproteins disrupts cellular functions and limits the value of many existing immortalization models as models for carcinogenesis, especially for cancers without definitive viral etiology. Our newly established telomerase-immortalized human esophageal epithelial cell line, NE2-hTERT, retained nearly-diploid and non-tumorigenic characteristics, but exhibited genetic and genomic alterations commonly found in esophageal cancer, including progressive loss of the p16^INK4a alleles, upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whole-chromosome 7 gain and duplicated 5q arm. Our data also revealed a novel positive regulation of p16^INK4a on cyclin D1. These findings probably represent early crucial events and mechanisms in esophageal carcinogenesis.     

Caspase-3和Survivin在食管鳞癌中的表达及其与临床的关系

目的探讨Caspase-3和Survivin在食管鳞癌中的表达及二者与标本临床病理特征之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法,检测80例食管鳞癌组织和30例食管癌旁组织的Caspase-3和Survivin表达水平;采用定期发信与门诊面检相结合的方法,对80例食管鳞癌单纯手术患者连续跟踪随访5年。结果食管癌旁组及食管鳞癌组中Caspase-3的阳性表达率逐渐减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其表达与浸润深度呈负相关与分化程度呈正相关(P均<0.05);Caspase-3阳性表达组5年生存率低于失表达组(P<0.05)。Survivin的阳性表达率逐渐增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其表达与浸润深度呈正相关而与pTNM呈负相关(P均<0.05);Survivin阳性表达组5年生存率高于失表达组(P<0.05)。在食管鳞癌中,Caspase-3与Survivin表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论Caspase-3和Survivin在食管鳞癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,联合检测Caspase-3和Survivin蛋白表达对食管鳞癌的早期诊断及判断预后有重要的参考价值。