美国的社会团体和相关机构在远程医疗与远程医学教育中的作用

在不同的国家，远程医学教育和远程医疗的发展状况不尽相同。美国的远程医学教育和远程医疗在内容、手段、普及程度上都处于世界领先地位，这与美国的社会团体和相关机构的作用密不可分。本文主要介绍非盈利性社会团体，如泛美卫生组织、美国医学院协会、美国远程医疗协会、世界银行协会、美国继续医学教育认可委员会和政府部门，如隶属于美国卫生部的卫生资源及服务局在远程医疗和远程医学教育中发挥的作用。     

The effect of long-distance running on plasma immunoreactive glucagon levels

Summary Twelve highly conditioned long-distance runners were studied to determine the effects of marathon (42 km) and 10,000 m running on plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG), serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), and serum glucose (G) levels. Blood samples were drawn just prior to and immediately upon completion of the run. Marathon running resulted in no significant change in G, IRI, or IRG levels. After running 10,000 m, plasma IRG levels did not change significantly, while IRI and G increased significantly.In evaluating the pooled data from both runs, a significant inverse correlation was observed between G and IRG. This relationship between G and IRG suggests that glucagon plays a role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels during strenuous exercise.     

後房型人工晶體植入後人工晶體與虹膜距離的臨床分析

目的白内障摘除後房型大C袢人工晶體植入術後,人工晶體與虹膜内面(後上皮層)有相應的距離,可减少術後炎癥反應及并發癥的探討.方法術後第一天裂隙燈側照觀察人工晶體與虹膜的相應距離.結果人工晶體與虹膜有距離者反應輕,并發癥少,無距離者反應重,并發癥多.結論後房型大C袢人工晶體囊袋内植入後,人工晶體光學部分後沉緊貼晶體後囊膜,使人工晶體與虹膜產生了一定的距離,房水循環通暢,且人工晶體不刺激虹膜與睫狀溝,所以反應輕并發癥少.     

基于LADT—BP算法的心电图快速分析

本文提出了一种应用LADT（Linear Approximation Distance Thresholding)压缩算法进行预处理的BP（Backpropagation)网络算法（我们称为LADT-BP算法）。实验主日新月异该算法与现有的算法相比,在运算速度及正确识别率等方面,均有大幅度的提高。     

Losing sight of the bigger picture: peripheral field loss compresses representations of space

Three experiments examine how the peripheral visual field (PVF) mediates the development of spatial representations. In Experiment 1 participants learned and were tested on statue locations in a virtual environment while their field-of-view (FOV) was restricted to 40 degrees , 20 degrees , 10 degrees , or 0 degrees (diam). As FOV decreased, overall placement errors, estimated distances, and angular offsets increased. Experiment 2 showed large compressions but no effect of FOV for perceptual estimates of statue locations. Experiment 3 showed an association between FOV size and proprioception influence. These results suggest the PVF provides important global spatial information used in the development of spatial representations.     

Évaluation d'un dispositif de continuité pédagogique à distance mis en place auprès d’étudiants MERM pendant le confinement sanitaire lié au COVID-19

IntroductionThe specific context related to the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the implementation of distance learning continuity for students. In France, teachers and radiography students in initial training, not specially prepared for this, had to adapt. An evaluation of the system was proposed to the students.Materials and methodsAn anonymous online questionnaire with 4 main sections (pedagogy, communication, learning and concerns) was sent to 91 students at the end of the semester.Results91 responses were received. The slideshows with sound or presented during a virtual class are appreciated by the students. Online quizzes are ideal for learning/reviewing. For assessments, individual assignments and online questionnaires are appreciated. Teacher/student interaction via e-mail or video conferencing was considered satisfactory by the large majority of students. Student-student interactions via social networks, for course explanations or document exchange, are very suitable. The majority of students felt they were working a lot and much more compared to face-to-face teaching. Less than half of the students worked more than 20 h per week. Their motivation varied widely. Organizational habits were disrupted, but the autonomy granted was appreciated. The students were mainly concerned about the health of their loved ones and not about their own health.DiscussionThe use of distance education tools requires teacher commitment and technical skills. The frequency of communication by e-mail and/or videoconference between members of the teaching team and students must be adapted to the situation. Exchanges by e-mail allow for traceability, while videoconferencing allows direct interaction and a way out of isolation. Autonomy, appreciated by the students, was nevertheless combined with a strong variation in motivation; the anxiety-provoking period in which pedagogical continuity was built up may explain this contradictory observation.ConclusionThe results obtained largely confirm the data in the literature. The experience gained through this survey should lead teachers to continue their reflection by test/integrating and evaluating distance education systems, while continuing face-to-face activities.     

MSCT对茎突综合征的诊断价值

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）对茎突综合征（SPS）的诊断价值。方法：选择本院临床拟诊断SPS的患者32例,行MSCT扫描,三维重建技术测量双侧茎突的长度和茎咽距。结果：32例患者64侧茎突全部显示,其中16侧茎突长度〈30 mm;48侧茎突长度为30～68 mm,平均（32.0±5.6）mm。13侧茎咽距〈20 mm,平均（23.0±2.2）mm。结论：多层螺旋CT能多平面、多角度清晰地显示茎突的立体解剖及其与临近组织的关系,并可直接精确地测量茎突的长度和咽侧壁之间的最短距离,为临床诊断SPS提供可靠依据,并能为手术方案的制定和手术路径的选择提供可靠的信息。