The lateral ganglionic eminence is the origin of cells committed to striatal phenotypes: neural transplantation and developmental evidence

In order to determine whether the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) of the fetal telencephalon is the primary source of striatal precursors in striatal transplants and tissue cultures, cells derived exclusively from the LGE of fetal rat brains were transplanted into the quinolinic-acid-lesioned striatum of adult rats. After 2–3 months they produced grafts that were almost entirely AChE-positive as well as DARPP-32-, TH-, and calbindin-immunoreactive. The grafts were integrated into the host striatum so that host corticofugal fiber tracts interdigitated with graft tissues similar to the way they penetrate the gray matter of the normal striatum. Fast Blue dye injected into the ipsilateral globus pallidus of LGE grafted produced retrogradely labeled neurons within the grafts, but Fluorogold dye injected into the ipsilateral substantia nigra did not. In a separate experiment using DARPP-32-immunohistochemistry as a striatal marker, fetal (E16) and neonatal (P2) rat brains showed DARPP-32 immunoreactivity in the LGE but not in the adjacent medial ganglionic eminence (MGE). In summary, both fetal LGE cells and LGE grafts express specific striatal markers, and LGE grafts integrate into the host striatum and innervate the major striatal efferent target within the host brain. These data suggest that the LGE is the origin of cells committed to striatal phenotypes in the developing brain.     

大鼠卵巢、睾丸人绒毛膜促性腺激素受体的比较研究

以分离的细胞膜为受体制剂，对大鼠卵巢及睾丸人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ＨＣＧ）受体进行比较研究，发现二者的受体结合特性有一定差异；同时将大鼠寒丸膜及睾丸匀浆作对比，友现睾丸膜制剂较睾丸匀浆更能准确地体现睾丸ＨＣＧ受体的真正特性。     

51例早孕妇女绒毛超氧化物歧化酶测定结果分析

本文采用改良的邻革之酚自氧化法,对51例无遗传性疾病早孕妇女绒毛细胞进行了SOD活力测定。其比活力为426.2±48.4u/mg蛋白(x±SD),测定值范围为217.2～589.1u/mg蛋白,P95>915.0u/mg蛋白。     

莱菔硫烷对人膀胱癌细胞周期的影响及机制研究

背景与目的:探讨莱菔硫烷对人膀胱癌细胞(T24)细胞周期的影响及作用机制。材料与方法:采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法研究不同浓度的莱菔硫烷对T24细胞生长的抑制作用并测定其半数抑制浓度(IC50);采用流式细胞仪检测莱菔硫烷对T24细胞周期的影响;采用westernblot研究莱菔硫烷对T24细胞中细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶抑制剂P16和P27的表达情况。结果:在较低剂量范围内(≤40μmol/L),随着作用剂量的增加,莱菔硫烷对T24细胞的生长的抑制作用也明显增强。10、20、40μmol/L莱菔硫烷的抑制率分别为(12.5±3.95)%,(25.0±2.50)%、(50.0±5.33)%;在较高剂量(60μmol/L~160μmol/L)时,这种抑制作用不再呈剂量依赖性;莱菔硫烷作用72h后的IC50值为(51.12±7.10)μmol/L;莱菔硫烷能使T24细胞周期阻滞于G0/G1期,20μmol/L莱菔硫烷作用48h后,在G0/G1峰之前出现凋亡峰;20μmol/L莱菔硫烷作用于T24细胞8、12、24h后能明显诱导P27蛋白的表达,作用早期(8h)时能诱导P16蛋白的表达。结论:莱菔硫烷能抑制T24细胞生长并使该细胞周期阻断在G0/G1期,其作用机制主要是通过诱导P27蛋白及早期诱导P16蛋白来实现的。     

人骨形态发生蛋白-2基因转染脂肪源性间充质干细胞的成骨研究

目的 探讨人骨形态发生蛋白-2（hBMP-2）基因修饰的人脂肪源性间充质干细胞（ADSCs）的成骨能力及基因转染对ADSCs成骨分化的生物学调控。方法 流式细胞技术鉴定从人脂肪组织中提取的细胞为间充质来源的干细胞。将ADSCs转染hBMP＋2基因，免疫沉淀＋Western blotting法和酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测hBMP-2表达，确定hBMP-2表达量及表达稳定性，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）染色、ALP定量测定、钙结节染色及RT—PCR分析hBMP-2基因转染对ADSCs向成骨细胞转化的调控，并将转基因细胞注入裸鼠股部肌内，通过X线及组织学检查观察体内成骨情况。结果 流式细胞术证实从脂肪中提取的细胞为间充质来源的干细胞。转基因后免疫沉淀＋Western blotting法和ELISA法显示转染hBMP-2的ADSCs具有较高且稳定的hBMP-2的表达，转染21d后表达量无明显降低。ALP染色、ALP定量测定、钙结节染色及RT—PCR发现转基因ADSCs向成骨细胞方向发生分化。裸鼠肌内注射转基因细胞后2周即显示有异位骨形成，4周明显增多，对照组无骨组织形成。结论 转染hBMP-2基因的ADSCs在持续稳定高表达目的蛋白的同时，自身向成骨细胞发生分化，并在裸鼠体内形成异位骨。因此，ADSCs有望作为新的基因工程种子细胞。     

Astrocyte and microglial motility in vitro is functionally dependent on the hyaluronan receptor RHAMM

RHAMM (Receptor for Hyaluronic Acid Mediated Motility) has been identified as a receptor for the extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) and was recently shown to be essential for the locomotion of normal and transformed peripheral cells. Until now the potential role of RHAMM in the motility of neural-derived cells has not been investigated. Here, we report that cultured primary astrocytes, astrocyte cell lines, and microglia express this receptor and exhibit RHAMM-dependent motility. Immunocytochemical localization of RHAMM showed that it was often present as aggregates at the periphery of cells in contact with one another or concentrated on protruding processes of isolated cells. Glial cells contained 50 and 72 kDa forms of RHAMM, and both of these forms were found to have HA binding capacity. Time lapse imaging of cell locomotion revealed a significant inhibition of motility and process elongation by neutralizing anti-RHAMM antibodies and by peptides corresponding to the HA binding domains of RHAMM. These results demonstrate that RHAMM serves a role in glial cell locomotion in vitro and provide the basis for investigations of the motile behavior of glial cells in vivo after CNS injury.     

Cell mediated immunity (CMI) and post transplant viral infections — Role of a functional immune assay to titrate immunosuppression

Cell mediated immunity (CMI) was assessed by the ImmuKnow assay in 12 patients after kidney transplantation, who presented with viral infection. Treatment included lowering of immunosuppression in all cases and antiviral treatment if indicated. The assay was repeated during the follow up. The ImmuKnow assay at time of presentation of viral infections was 56.8 ± 58.2 (range 3–178; median 22) ATP ng/ml. With the clearance of viral infection and lowering of immunosuppression, the assay showed an increase in the level of CMI at 194.5 ± 118.9 (range 53–409; median 150) ATP ng/ml. There was viral clearance or stabilization in all cases and there was no incidence of allograft rejection. The ImmuKnow assay of CMI can be used to titrate initial immunosuppression reduction and its subsequent increase, in patients with viral infection after transplantation.     

流式细胞光度术在鼻咽癌上皮样细胞株细胞周期动力学研究中的应用

本实验应用流式细胞光度术研究鼻咽癌上皮样细胞株（ＣＮＥ）的细胞周期动力学。结果发现ＣＮＥ细胞仍保持原代细胞的ＤＮＡ含量水平（超三倍体和亚四倍体），随着细胞接种时间的延长细胞周期中Ｇ０／Ｇ１时相细胞的百分数逐渐升高，而Ｓ％和Ｇ２＋Ｍ％则逐渐降低。该项研究还发现随着孵育时间的延长，细胞周期中各时相细胞的运动均逐渐延缓，其中以Ｇ０／Ｇ１和Ｇ２＋Ｍ时相细胞的运动减慢较为明显。     

重组人肿瘤坏死因子诱导HL－60白血病细胞分化及调控原癌基因表达的作用

采用２０～２００Ｕ／ｍｌ的重组人肿瘤坏死因子（ｒｈＴＮＦ－α）处理体外液相培养的人早幼粒白血病细胞珠ＨＬ－６０，观察到５０～２００Ｕ／ｍｌ的小剂量ＴＮＦ具有诱导其向单核－巨噬细胞途径分化及抑制其增殖的效应。采用细胞总ＲＮＡ打点杂交技术检测１～１００Ｕ／ｍｌＴＮＦ诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞早期（１２小时内）对其ｃ－ｍｙｃ，ｃ－ｆｏｓ原癌基因表达的影响，发现ＴＮＦ可抑制ｃ－ｍｙｃｍＲＮＡ水平及ｃ－ｆｏｓ短暂性表达增高。结果表明此小剂量ｒｈＴＮＦ－α具有诱导白血病细胞分化的效应及调控多癌基因表达的作用。