全文获取类型
收费全文 | 131329篇 |
免费 | 45361篇 |
国内免费 | 643篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2490篇 |
儿科学 | 5319篇 |
妇产科学 | 801篇 |
基础医学 | 26213篇 |
口腔科学 | 7633篇 |
临床医学 | 15709篇 |
内科学 | 28829篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4786篇 |
神经病学 | 18554篇 |
特种医学 | 6572篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 18845篇 |
综合类 | 3093篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 8篇 |
预防医学 | 8913篇 |
眼科学 | 1720篇 |
药学 | 10580篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 1994篇 |
肿瘤学 | 15271篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 47篇 |
2023年 | 307篇 |
2022年 | 665篇 |
2021年 | 2250篇 |
2020年 | 6503篇 |
2019年 | 11790篇 |
2018年 | 11490篇 |
2017年 | 12806篇 |
2016年 | 11966篇 |
2015年 | 11873篇 |
2014年 | 12056篇 |
2013年 | 12279篇 |
2012年 | 11464篇 |
2011年 | 11457篇 |
2010年 | 9983篇 |
2009年 | 6452篇 |
2008年 | 7030篇 |
2007年 | 5438篇 |
2006年 | 5251篇 |
2005年 | 4913篇 |
2004年 | 4666篇 |
2003年 | 4326篇 |
2002年 | 3985篇 |
2001年 | 3174篇 |
2000年 | 1926篇 |
1999年 | 691篇 |
1998年 | 372篇 |
1997年 | 353篇 |
1996年 | 283篇 |
1995年 | 229篇 |
1994年 | 181篇 |
1993年 | 130篇 |
1992年 | 107篇 |
1991年 | 76篇 |
1990年 | 73篇 |
1989年 | 73篇 |
1988年 | 69篇 |
1987年 | 55篇 |
1986年 | 48篇 |
1985年 | 79篇 |
1984年 | 69篇 |
1983年 | 43篇 |
1982年 | 57篇 |
1981年 | 57篇 |
1980年 | 64篇 |
1979年 | 49篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 15篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Mt D. Dbrssy Chockalingam Ramanathan Danesh Ashouri Vajari Yixin Tong Thomas Schlaepfer Volker A. Coenen 《The European journal of neuroscience》2021,53(1):89-113
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in psychiatric illnesses has been clinically tested over the past 20 years. The clinical application of DBS to the superolateral branch of the medial forebrain bundle in treatment‐resistant depressed patients—one of several targets under investigation—has shown to be promising in a number of uncontrolled open label trials. However, there are remain numerous questions that need to be investigated to understand and optimize the clinical use of DBS in depression, including, for example, the relationship between the symptoms, the biological substrates/projections and the stimulation itself. In the context of precision and customized medicine, the current paper focuses on clinical and experimental research of medial forebrain bundle DBS in depression or in animal models of depression, demonstrating how clinical and scientific progress can work in tandem to test the therapeutic value and investigate the mechanisms of this experimental treatment. As one of the hypotheses is that depression engenders changes in the reward and motivational networks, the review looks at how stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle impacts the dopaminergic system. 相似文献
82.
Increasing evidence suggests that human epidermal melanocytes play an important role in the skin immune system; however, a role of their pigmentation in immune and inflammatory responses is poorly examined. In the study, the expression of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by cultured normal melanocytes derived from lightly and darkly pigmented skin was investigated after cell stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The basal TLR4 mRNA level in heavily pigmented cells was higher as compared to their lightly pigmented counterparts. Melanocyte exposure to LPS upregulated the expression of TLR4 mRNA and enhanced the DNA‐binding activity of NF‐κB p50 and p65. We found substantial differences in the LPS‐stimulated expression of numerous genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and chemokines between the cells with various melanin contents. In lightly pigmented melanocytes, the most significantly upregulated genes were nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT/visfatin), the chemokines CCL2 and CCL20, and IL6, while the genes for CXCL12, IL‐16 and the chemokine receptor CCR4 were the most significantly upregulated in heavily pigmented cells. Moreover, the lightly pigmented melanocytes secreted much more NAMPT, CCL2 and IL‐6. The results of our study suggest modulatory effect of melanogenesis on the immune properties of normal epidermal melanocytes. 相似文献
83.
Adam Wagstaff 《Health economics》2019,28(6):765-781
In the “basic” approach, medical expenses are catastrophic if they exceed a prespecified percentage of consumption or income; the approach tells us if expenses cause a large percentage reduction in living standards. The ability‐to‐pay (ATP) approach defines expenses as catastrophic if they exceed a prespecified percentage of consumption less expenses on nonmedical necessities or an allowance for them. The paper argues that the ATP approach does not tell us whether expenses are large enough to undermine a household's ability to purchase nonmedical necessities. The paper compares the income‐based and consumption‐based variants of the basic approach, and shows that if the individual is a borrower after a health shock, the income‐based ratio will exceed the consumption‐based ratio, and both will exceed the more theoretically correct Flores et al. ratio; whereas if the individual continues to be a saver after a health shock, the ordering is reversed and the income‐based ratio may not overestimate Flores et al.'s ratio. Last, the paper proposes a lifetime money metric utility (LMMU) approach defining medical expenses as catastrophic in terms of their lifetime consequences. Under certain assumptions, the LMMU and Flores et al. approaches are identical, and neither requires data on how households finance their medical expenses. 相似文献
84.
Shafqat R. Chaudhry Ilana S. Lendvai Sajjad Muhammad Philipp Westhofen Johannes Kruppenbacher Lukas Scheef Henning Boecker Dirk Scheele Rene Hurlemann Thomas M. Kinfe 《Brain stimulation》2019,12(3):643-651
Objective
To assay peripheral inter-ictal cytokine serum levels and possible relations with non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) responsiveness in migraineurs.Methods
This double-blinded, sham-controlled study enrolled 48 subjects and measured headache severity, frequency [headache days/month, number of total and mild/moderate/severe classified attacks/month], functional state [sleep, mood, body weight, migraine-associated disability] and serum levels of inflammatory markers [inter-ictal] using enzyme-linked immunoassays at baseline and after 2 months of adjunctive nVNS compared to sham stimulation and suitably matched controls.Results
No significant differences were observed at baseline and after 2 months for headache severity, total attacks/month, headache days/month and functional outcome [sleep, mood, disability] between verum and sham nVNS. However, the number of severe attacks/month significantly decreased in the verum nVNS group and circulating pro-inflammatory IL-1β was elevated significantly in the sham group compared to nVNS. Levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly higher at baseline in both groups compared to healthy controls, but not at 2 months follow-up [p?<?0.05]. Concentrations of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1), IL-6, tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin remained unchanged [p?>?0.05]. No severe device-/stimulation-related adverse events occurred.Conclusion
2 months of adjunctive cervical nVNS significantly declined the number of severe attacks/month. Pro-inflammatory IL-1β plasma levels [inter-ictal] were higher in sham-treated migraine patients compared to verum nVNS. However, pro- [IL-6, HMGB-1, TNF-α, leptin] and anti-inflammatory [IL-10, adiponectin, ghrelin] mediators did not differ statistically. Profiling of neuroinflammatory circuits in migraine to predict nVNS responsiveness remains an experimental approach, which may be biased by pre-analytic variables warranting large-scale biobank-based systematic investigations [omics]. 相似文献85.
86.
Yuan Peng Yuman Li Haiyan Cao Liu Hong Yu Wang Mingxing Xie 《Journal of ultrasound in medicine》2019,38(2):539-544
A pulmonary artery (PA) sling is a very rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly, and only a few studies have reported PA slings in fetuses. The relationship of the PA, aorta, ductus arteriosus, and trachea can be evaluated in the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views during fetal echocardiography. A PA sling can be detected by abnormal positioning of the left PA in relation to the trachea when sweeping from the 3‐vessel view cranially to the 3‐vessel and trachea view. Here we report 3 cases of fetal PA slings and their follow‐ups. Two cases were confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, and the other case was confirmed by a cardiovascular cast after pregnancy termination. We emphasize that the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views are of crucial importance in the prenatal diagnosis of a PA sling. 相似文献
87.
88.
Facial motion is a primary source of social information about other humans. Prior fMRI studies have identified regions of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) that respond specifically to perceived face movements (termed fSTS), but little is known about the nature of motion representations in these regions. Here we use fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis to characterize the representational content of the fSTS. Participants viewed a set of specific eye and mouth movements, as well as combined eye and mouth movements. Our results demonstrate that fSTS response patterns contain information about face movements, including subtle distinctions between types of eye and mouth movements. These representations generalize across the actor performing the movement, and across small differences in visual position. Critically, patterns of response to combined movements could be well predicted by linear combinations of responses to individual eye and mouth movements, pointing to a parts‐based representation of complex face movements. These results indicate that the fSTS plays an intermediate role in the process of inferring social content from visually perceived face movements, containing a representation that is sufficiently abstract to generalize across low‐level visual details, but still tied to the kinematics of face part movements. 相似文献
89.
90.