人肺癌相关抗原的基因克隆

目的克隆人肺癌相关抗原的基因。方法用λｇｔ１１Ｓｆｉ－Ｎｏｔ定向克隆载体构建人肺鳞癌细胞系Ｌ－７８的ｃＤＮＡ文库,并以抗人肺癌单抗ＡＬＴ－０４为探针进行了筛选。对名为ｈｌｃ－１４的ｃＤ－ＮＡ克隆作了测序分析与进一步研究。用重组的ｐＸＪ４１－ｈｌｃ１４质粒转染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞,通过免疫组化法对克隆基因进行了表达检测与鉴定,还观察了转染细胞的软琼脂集落形成能力。结果建成１．４×１０６ｐｆｕ／ｍｌ人肺癌ｃＤＮＡ文库,经过四轮免疫学筛选获得６个ｃＤＮＡ克隆,最大的ｃＤＮＡ克隆为ｈｌｃ－１４,长９５４ｂｐ。对该克隆的测序结果与基因库资料比较,未发现同源序列。ｈｌｃ－１４ｃＤＮＡ转染的ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞有明显的肺癌相关抗原表达,并且在软琼脂中的集落形成能力增强。结论ｈｌｃ－１４是一个新的肺癌相关抗原的ｃＤＮＡ序列。这一序列的发现为阐明肺癌的发病机理、探索肺癌基因治疗的靶基因提供了新的线索     

Excretion of modified nucleosides during development of malignant lymphomas in mice after whode body irradiation

Summary During x-ray-induced development of malignant lymphomas in mice their urinary excretion of eight modified nucleosides was monitored and the values were compared to the results of the histological examination of the animals at time of their sacrifice.It was found that the pathologically augmented excretion of modified nucleosides begins as much as several weeks before the malignant lymphomas can be diagnosed clinically. Thus some mice had increased levels of modified nucleosides even 10 weeks before sacrifice, though at the time of sacrifice the histological investigation reveled only some small foci of reticulum cell neoplasm in their spleen.It is therefore stressed that the usefulness of the determination of urinary modified nucleosides as an early noninvasive screening test for cancer in man and as an in vivo carcinogenicity test should be evaluated.Abbreviations pseudouridine - m¹A 1-methyladenosine - m⁵C 5-methylcytidine - m¹I 1-methylinosine - m¹G 1-methylguanosine - m²G N ²-methylguanosine - m²G N ²,N²-dimethylguanosine - ac⁴C N ⁴-acetylcytidine - mt⁶A N-(9--d-ribofuranosylpurine-6-yl)N-methylcarbamoyl) threonine - acp³U 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) uridine - SD standard deviation     

DMBA-induced tumors and their prevention by aromatic retinoid (Ro 10-9359)

Summary Both auricles of 21 domestic rabbits were painted with dimethylbenz-anthracene (DMBA). Eleven animals of this group were additionally fed aromatic retinoid (AR) by an esophageal tube. Two control animals were not treated at all.Eight or 9 weeks after the beginning of the study six of the seven remaining animals, which had only been painted with DMBA, developed a total of 25 keratoacanthoma-like tumors (KA). On the other hand, none of the seven animals left, which were painted with DMBA and fed AR showed any tumor by this time.The systemic effect of AR was studied in biopsies from the snout and the back. The epidermis of the snout showed mucous mataplasia by histochemical and electron-microscopic criteria, whereas the epidermis of the back was not significantly altered. The production of intra- and extracellular lamellated material indicated an additional effect of AR on epidermal lipid metabolism. The effect of AR in the prevention of DMBA-induced tumors was characterized by mucoid cytolysis and karyolysis.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Ma 674/3-2)     

恶性纤维组织细胞瘤的免疫组织化学研究

本文对23例恶性纤维组织细胞瘤((MFH)及19例其他软组织肿瘤的免疫组化研究表明,AACT,AAT阳性率最高,是肿瘤性组织细胞的良好标志物,对MFH有一定诊断价值。Lys不是恶性组织细胞的良好标志物。Des的表达提示部分肿瘤细胞向肌纤维母细胞分化,Vim的表达则提示向纤维母细胞分化。所以,我们的研究结果表明MFH可能来自未分化间叶细胞,并在不同情况下向组织细胞、纤维母细胞和肌纤维母细胞等不同方向分化,而表现出复杂的组织学形态。     

Effects of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-β, and forskolin on tissue plasminogen activator activity in human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells

Summary The effects of interleukin-1 (IL-1), forskolin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) on tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity were studied in the human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line, G292. t-PA activity was measured in the cell media using the chromogenic substrate, S-2251. After a 24 hour incubation period, IL-1 increased t-PA in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of IL-1 at 10.0 U/ml was partially inhibited in the presence of indomethacin. Forskolin (1.0 M) increased t-PA activity after 24 hours with the effects of combined treatment of IL-1 (1.0 U/ml, 10.0 U/ml) and forskolin being apparently additive in nature. TNF- (10^-8–10^-7 M) also produced increased t-PA activity in the cell medial after a 24 hour incubation period. These results suggest that the cytokines, IL-1 and TNF-, can increase t-PA activity in G292 cells and that there is both a cAMP-dependent as well as a cAMP-independent pathway involved in the regulation of this osteoblastic cell function.     

Immunological comparison between prostate-specific antigen and γ-seminoprotein

Summary Prostate-specific antigen (PA) and -seminoprotein (-Sm) were compared by immunocytochemical, immunodiffusion and immunoblotting methods using rabbit anti-PA antibody and rabbit anti--Sm antibody. Enzyme immunoassys (EIAs) were developed for measurements of PA and -Sm to determine a correlation between serum PA and -Sm levels in patients with prostate cancer. The patterns of localization and distribution of PA and -Sm were identical in prostate tissue sections, including benign and cancerous human prostacs. The immunodiffusion study showed that the antigens with which anti-PA antibody and anti--Sm antibody reacted in seminal plasma and prostate tissue homogenates were identical to each other. In the immunoblotting study, anti-PA antibody and anti--Sm antibody recognized a single antigen corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 33,000 both in seminal plasma and prostate tissue homogenates. The EIAs developed in this study were sensitive, specific, and reproducible, and the correlation between serum PA and -Sm values determined by these EIAs was highly significant (r=0.99, P(0.001). These results indicated that PA and -Sm were immunologically identical and that serum PA and -Sm determined by immunoassays using anti-PA antibody and anti--Sm antibody should be evaluated as identical tumor markers for serodiagnosis of prostate cancer.     

Mutagenicity studies with praziquantel,a new anthelmintic drug: Tissue-, host-, and urine-mediated mutagenicity assays

Praziquantel, a new anthelmintic drug with activity against all species of schistosomes pathogenic to man, and against a wide range of Cestodes, was tested for mutagenic potential. For the detection of both base substitutions and frameshift mutations, Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98 were used as tester strains. Using the plate assay with and without added S-9, host-mediated assay and urine-mediated assay without and after incubation with -glucuronidase/arylsulfatase, no mutagenic activity could be detected.     

马来酸二乙酯对半乳糖胺/脂多糖致小鼠急性肝损伤发生中核转录因子表达的影响

目的　耗竭肝脏还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)导致氧化还原失平衡后 ,是否可通过改变库普弗细胞核转录因子表达而影响肝损伤发生。方法　给小鼠注射马来酸二乙酯 (DEM) ,耗竭 GSH。结果　马来酸二乙酯在一定程度上 ,抑制了半乳糖胺 /脂多糖 (Galn/ L PS)诱导胞质 IκBα的降解和核 NF- κBp6 5的表达。结论　 DEM可能是通过抑制 IκBα降解 ,影响 NF-κBp6 5易位入核 ,从而抑制肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF) -α释放 ,减轻肝损伤     

同侧锁骨翻转修复肱骨近端肿瘤性骨缺损(附6例报告)

目的 观察同侧锁骨翻转修复肱骨近端肿瘤性骨缺损的临床治疗效果。方法 应用该方法治疗6例肱骨近端骨肿瘤。男2例,女4例,平均年龄28.9岁。骨巨细胞瘤3例,软骨肉瘤、转移癌和骨纤维肉瘤术后复发各1例。结果 所有患者均顺利完成手术。1例失访,5例随访6～40个月。1例死亡,1例移植锁骨骨折,3例骨愈合良好,2例显示锁骨增粗。结论 同侧锁骨翻转是修复肱骨近端肿瘤性骨缺损的一种可行的方法。     

IL-2活化瘤苗对胃癌术后复发和转移的抑制作用

目的观察用细胞因子活化的特异性瘤苗辅助常规化疗,治疗外科手术后临床Ⅲ～Ⅳ期胃癌患者,抑制肿瘤术后复发、转移的临床疗效。方法于外科术后常规化疗结束后2周,用患者自体肿瘤细胞抗原致敏、IL-2活化的树突状细胞(DC)作为瘤苗给患者四肢皮下多点免疫注射1×106/(ml·次),每周1次,每疗程注射4次,0.5年后强化1次。定期胃镜、影象学和肿瘤标志物检查,随访至手术后第2年,观察生存期和生存率。结果经瘤苗治疗后,患者的免疫功能显著改善。术后24个月,瘤苗联合化疗组患者的生存率为50%,血清中CEA和CA724分别为(10±1.5)ng/ml和(5.5±1.5)U/ml,而单纯化疗组患者的生存率为10%,CEA和CA724的水平分别为(77.0±9.4)ng/ml和(55.0±7.6)U/ml;P<0.001。结论特异性瘤苗免疫治疗,能增强胃癌患者术后的特异性抗肿瘤免疫功能,提高手术后化疗疗效,抑制肿瘤复发和转移,能延长患者生存期,提高生存率。