抑郁症患者心理过程及其对服药依从性的影响

本文阐述了抑郁症患者心理过程及其对服药依从性不良影响,旨在为提高患者的服药依从性提供新思路.文章结合国内外已有研究,分别从抑郁症患者认知、情绪及意志的特点及其在服药依从行为中起到的作用进行总结,认为抑郁症患者的心理特点对服药依从性有影响.     

Clinical decision support malfunctions related to medication routes: a case series

ObjectiveTo identify common medication route-related causes of clinical decision support (CDS) malfunctions and best practices for avoiding them.Materials and MethodsCase series of medication route-related CDS malfunctions from diverse healthcare provider organizations.ResultsNine cases were identified and described, including both false-positive and false-negative alert scenarios. A common cause was the inclusion of nonsystemically available medication routes in value sets (eg, eye drops, ear drops, or topical preparations) when only systemically available routes were appropriate.DiscussionThese value set errors are common, occur across healthcare provider organizations and electronic health record (EHR) systems, affect many different types of medications, and can impact the accuracy of CDS interventions. New knowledge management tools and processes for auditing existing value sets and supporting the creation of new value sets can mitigate many of these issues. Furthermore, value set issues can adversely affect other aspects of the EHR, such as quality reporting and population health management.ConclusionValue set issues related to medication routes are widespread and can lead to CDS malfunctions. Organizations should make appropriate investments in knowledge management tools and strategies, such as those outlined in our recommendations.     

Effects of schedule exercise therapy on chronic insomnia

Schedule exercise therapy (SET) is a novel nonpharmacological intervention for the treatment of chronic insomnia disorder (CID). The aim of this study was to explore the effects of SET on CID. Methods: One hundred and eighteen CID were recruited and randomized into medication (MED) or medication combined with SET (MSET) groups. Over 12 observational weeks, sleep and mood status were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). At the end of the observational period, the rates of clinically effective hypnotic use were calculated. At 12 weeks, the PSQI progressively decreased for all subjects combined (P < .001) as well as ISI (P < .001), ESS (P < .001), SDS (P < .001), and SAS (P < .001). The decreases in PSQI (P < .05), ISI (P < .05), SDS (P < .01), and SAS (P < .05) in the MSET group were significantly larger than those in the MED group, but not the same as those in the ESS group (P > .05). At the trial endpoint, the clinically effective rate was significantly higher (P < .05) and the hypnotic usage rate was lower (P < .05) in the MSET group than in the MED group. SET may be an effective treatment for insomnia in patients with CID.     

Antiepileptic Drug Adherence and Its Associated Factors among Epilepsy Patients on Follow-ups at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital,Ethiopia

BackgroundMedication adherence is a fundamental determinant of effective treatment. However, people with epilepsy have poor compliance with their treatment because of the chronic nature of the disease. Limited studies have been conducted to address antiepileptic medication adherence in Africa, including Ethiopia. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess antiepileptic drug adherence and its asociated factors among patients with epilepsy attending outpatient department of Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was conducted on 439 patients with epilepsy in Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Medication adherence reporting scale-5 (MARS-5) was used to assess adherence to antiepileptic drugs. The Oslo social support, Jacob perceived stigma scale, and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) were the instruments used to assess associated factors. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis models were fitted. Then, the adjusted unstandardized beta (β) coefficient at a 95% confidence level was used.ResultsThe mean(SD) score of antiepileptic medication adherence was 16.38(±3.76) with 95%CI:(16.03, 16.72). Depressive symptoms (β= -1.35, 95% CI: (-2.04, -0.65)), anxiety symptoms (β=-1.12,95%CI:(-1,79,-0.44), perceived stigma (β= -1.64, 95% CI:-2.16,-1.12), being single (β=-0.67, 95%CI:-1.20,-0.14), presence of seizure per month(β=-2.11,95% CI: (-2.81,-1.41) and antiepileptic drug adverse effect(β=-0.07,95%CI:-0.11,-0.03) were factors associated with anti-epileptic medication adherence.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the mean score of adherence to antiepileptic drugs was poor as compared to other settings. Antiepileptic medication adherence screening tool should be included in the patient''s treatment protocol.     

基于中医传承辅助平台分析高血压病阴阳两虚证的用药规律

目的分析治疗高血压病阴阳两虚证的方药特征信息,探索组方用药规律,挖掘有效的药物组合及新处方。方法检索相关数据库并查阅资料,收集关于高血压病阴阳两虚证的文献和医案,筛选治疗该病证的方剂。基于中医传承辅助平台(V 2. 5)建立方药特征数据库,并通过关联规则分析法、改进互信息法、熵层次聚类等方法,对处方用药进行数据分析。结果筛选出关于高血压病阴阳两虚证的组方179首,中药190味,使用频次最高的三味中药为熟地黄、茯苓、山药,并获得核心药物组合24个,新处方12个。结论通过此研究,明确了本病的用药规律,得出滋阴助阳、补益肾气为治疗高血压病阴阳两虚证的主要方法,对本病的临床治疗及组方用药具有重要价值。     

清热降浊、益气活血法治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床疗效

目的：探究清热降浊、益气活血中药方剂联合阿托伐他汀钙片治疗慢性肾小球肾炎（CGN）患者的临床疗效。方法：选取2017年5月至2018年5月六安市中医院收治的CGN患者90例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组患者给予饮食指导,并口服阿托伐他汀钙片治疗。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上给予清热降浊、益气活血中药治疗。2组CGN患者均治疗50 d,观察并记录2组患者的疗效、血脂指标和肾功能指标。结果：与治疗前比较,2组CGN患者的总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、血清尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）和24 h尿蛋白定量均明显降低,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）,且观察组患者的TC、Scr、BUN和24 h尿蛋白定量水平比对照组降低更显著（均P<0.05）。观察组患者的总有效率为93.33%,对照组患者的总有效率为84.44%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：清热降浊、益气活血中药方剂联合阿托伐他汀钙片可以显著降低CGN患者的血清血脂水平,使之恢复正常,改善肾功能,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

电针联合氟比洛芬酯治疗腰麻后头痛的疗效观察

目的 观察电针联合氟比洛芬酯治疗腰麻后头痛的临床疗效.方法 将87例腰麻后头痛患者随机分为对照组44例,观察组43例.对照组给予氟比洛芬酯治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合电针治疗.观察两组临床疗效、治疗前后颈动脉血流参数(血管内径、峰流速度及阻力指数)及脑血流图变化.结果 观察组治疗总有效率(93.0％)高于对照组(...     

老年住院患者潜在不适当用药情况及影响因素

目的 使用2019版Beers标准对新疆医科大学第一附属医院老年住院患者潜在不适当用药(PIM)发生率进行评价,确定PIM发生相关危险因素,为促进老年患者的合理用药提供参考.方法 采用回顾性研究方法,收集该院2019年9-12月老年病科、高血压科、冠心病科年龄≥65岁出院患者病历资料,使用2019版Beers标准评价P...     

静脉用药调配中心环节质量特色管理与控制实践

目的加强静脉用药调配中心（pharmacy intravenous admixture service,PIVAS）的质量管理,保证静脉用药安全。方法系统总结医院PIVAS3年来在环节质量管理与控制方面的特色经验,探讨环节质量管理与控制对PIVAS安全管理的影响。结果PIVAS在预防性控制、各流程环节控制、事后控制与持续质量改进3个方面实施重点管控,大大提高了输液成品的质量。结论环节质量特色管理与控制,能有效促进患者的用药安全,可作为PIVAS首选的质量管理方法。     

The Impact of Patient Access to Their Electronic Health Record on Medication Management Safety: A Narrative Review

IntroductionAs the American’s Federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) stated that patients should be allowed to review their medical records, and as information technology is ever more widely used by healthcare professionals and patients, providing patients with online access to their own medical records through a patient portal is becoming increasingly popular. Previous research has been done regarding the impact on the quality and safety of patients’ care, rather than explicitly on medication safety, when providing those patients with access to their electronic health records (EHRs).AimThis narrative review aims to summarise the results from previous studies on the impact on medication management safety concepts of adult patients accessing information contained in their own EHRs.ResultA total of 24 studies were included in this review. The most two commonly studied measures of safety in medication management were: (a) medication adherence and (b) patient-reported experience. Other measures, such as: discrepancies, medication errors, appropriateness and Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) were the least studied.ConclusionThe results suggest that providing patients with access to their EHRs can improve medication management safety. Patients pointed out improvements to the safety of their medications and perceived stronger medication control. The data from these studies lay the foundation for future research.