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51.
H. Draper 《Journal of Renal Care》2002,28(Z2):39-42
The majority of patients being treated for acute renal failure in intensive care units have multiple medical problems. Accordingly, the withdrawal of renal replacement therapies should be considered as part of a general decision about whether to initiate or continue with treatment per se. Several guidelines on withdrawing and withholding therapy have been produced and some common themes emerge: concerns to avoid euthanasia, potential for benefit, patient consent (shared decision‐making), team consensus/decision‐making, and the provision of appropriate palliative care and resource implications. Each of these is considered in turn, although the word limit for this paper does not permit detailed exposition. 相似文献
52.
本文报道了气管切开术各种并发症的发病率,并对术中或术后并发症的病的病因、发病机理、治疗和预防进行了讨论。 相似文献
53.
Å. Öst P. Lindström B. Christensson H. Gyllenhammar L. Engstedt 《European journal of haematology》1984,33(2):160-170
A consecutive series of patients (1978–1981) comprising all patients with acute leukaemia from a population of 475000 inhabitants was reviewed. Thus, 94 patients were diagnosed as having acute leukaemia. No patients were lost from follow-up. The incidence figures of ALL and AML differed significantly from those of Sweden as a whole. 9 patients were < 15 years old. The median age of adult patients was 64 years, 60.8% being ≥ 60 years old. Of adult patients with AML, 20% had a preleukaemic history (chronic myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes and others). None of 6 patients with leukaemia as a metamorphosis of a chronic myeloproliferative disorder achieved a complete remission. The overall remission rate of the remaining adult patients was 25%. Treated patients, 15–39 years old, with AML without any preleukaemic history, had a complete remission rate of 80% compared to 12% for patients ≥ 60 years old with the same diagnosis. Of 60 patients with ‘primary’ AML, 14 were not treated, mainly because of advanced age and complicating diseases. Most of these patients died within a week of admission. 相似文献
54.
二甲基亚砜诱导人肝癌细胞BEL-7402凋亡的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 :研究二甲基亚砜 (DMSO)对人肝癌细胞凋亡的诱导作用。方法 :用不同浓度的DMSO处理体外培养的人肝癌细胞BEL 74 0 2 ,应用普通光镜、荧光显微镜、MTT分析方法和流式细胞技术 (FCM )检测肝癌细胞凋亡的形态学变化、细胞存活率、凋亡百分率和细胞周期分布的变化。结果 :DMSO诱导BEL 74 0 2细胞核DNA凝缩和核片段化 ,最后形成凋亡小体 ;随着DMSO浓度的增加和处理时间的延长 ,细胞存活率明显下降 ,其IC50 为 1.9% ;2 %的DMSO处理细胞 12h ,凋亡率达 17.2 1% ,同时S期细胞明显增加 ,G2 M期细胞明显下降。结论 :DMSO可诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡 ,并使细胞受阻于S期而进入凋亡程序。 相似文献
55.
ROD MOORE 《European journal of oral sciences》1991,99(3):229-235
Abstract – Two types of fear desensitization, video training, and clinical rehearsals, were evaluated using psychometric tests, behavioral measures, and interviews for a group of 68 dental fear patients with high and low general trait anxiety. After treatment, a visual analogue scale (VAS) also tested the degree of perceived anxiety before going off to an unknown dentist. Results indicated no significant differences in dental fear reduction effects of the two types of desensitization. However, both treatments showed significant and meaningful effects when compared with a group of 75 dental fear patients on a waiting list who were also tested once at the beginning of the waiting period and again after 6 months. Only high general anxiety subjects resisted desensitization and failed standardized dental treatment tests. Exit interviews revealed that both groups named securing/accepting personnel, conversations about their fears and relaxation, in that order, as the most important factors in their dental fear reduction. Psychometric trust scores confirmed this. VAS scores showed a significant increase in fear level about the next dentist, also indicating trust as a major factor in reducing dental fear. Suggestions are made about which patient conditions can affect the choice of either of these training methods. 相似文献
56.
本文对95例肾病综合征进行分析,探讨了性别、年龄、发病迁延时间、浮肿、蛋白尿、血尿、血压、尿素氮、血浆蛋白、血浆胆固醇、免疫球蛋白、补体C_3与激素反应及分型的关系。认为下列综合分析可做为判定难治性肾病综合征的参考。难治性肾病多分布在7岁以上,激素治疗4~8周血浆蛋白尚未恢复,尿镜检反复出现红细胞及颗粒管型,血清r—球蛋白不低,而补体C_3降低,提示难治性肾病。各种感染常常是造成肾病综合心难以控制,甚至死亡的重要因素。 相似文献
57.
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59.
目的:分析T1期(肿瘤直径<2cm)原发性乳腺癌女性患者绝经前后在肿瘤大小、病理分类、淋巴结转移率和数目。方法:常规病理检验以及应用免疫组化、HE法分别测定绝经前乳腺癌患者和绝经后乳腺癌患者者的ER、PR。结果:两组患者在肿瘤大小上无明显差异,但绝经前乳腺癌患者浸润导管癌的百分比为 84. 7%,绝经后乳腺癌患者的浸润导管癌百分比为 62. 2%,经χ2 检验,P<0. 01。两组淋巴结转移率分别为 39. 3%和 25. 5%,经χ2 检验,P<0. 01。两组ER和PR阳性伴淋巴结转移的比例经χ2 检验,P<0. 05。结论:绝经前乳腺癌患者和绝经后乳腺癌患者在病理分类、淋巴结转移率及数目、ER、PR阳性伴淋巴结转移上有显著性差异。对于T1原发性乳腺癌患者不论有无淋巴结转移,均应行癌肿切除伴Ⅰ、Ⅱ级淋巴结清扫。 相似文献
60.