基于网络的人工髋关节术后评定系统

目的　对人工髋关节置换术后的效果进行评定。方法　采用了三种著名的人工髋关节置换术评定标准 ,利用网络技术和计算机对数据进行采集整理和分析。结果　完成了评定系统的功能 ,能得出正确的结论。结论　采用基于网络的人工髋关节评定系统提高评定的速度和质量 ,其评定结果可方便的进行交流     

神经系统轴突三维定向生长的数值模拟

目的研究轴突在三维组织中的定向生长问题,探讨轴突沿非平坦基底定向生长时基底的低起伏程度对轴突的生长速率、成束和解束速率的影响。方法根据实验观察,设轴突生长的牵引力与靶细胞分泌的可扩散吸引分子的浓度梯度成正比,轴突成束和解束的侧向力与生长锥分泌的可扩散吸引分子和排斥分子的浓度梯度成正比,并且,吸引力指向浓度高的方向,排斥力指向浓度低的方向,浓度满足扩散方程。对于非平坦基底,有效力为沿基底轮廓线的切向分量。数值计算采用三维有限差分法和改进的Euler法。结果(1)轴突在三维组织中定向生长的基本特征与在二维培养基实验中的观察是一致的,只是在形态上有三维与二维之分;(2)非平坦基底的低起伏程度影响轴突的生长,随着起伏加剧,生长锥的前进速率减小、侧向速率增加。结论(1)许多基于二维培养实验所揭示的轴突生长的基本规律在三维情况下仍然是成立的;(2)基底的几何性质是影响轴突生长速率的重要因素之一。     

Behavior of horizontal semicircular canal afferents in alert monkey during vestibular and optokinetic stimulation

Summary The behavior of single vestibular nerve fibers from the lateral semicircular canal was recorded during sinusoidal oscillations of the head, during optokinetic stimulation with the head stationary, and during spontaneous oculomotor behavior in the alert monkey. The response of similar fibers to adequate vestibular stimulation was also studied in some of the animals under deeply anesthetized conditions. In the alert animals all units were spontaneously active and their discharge was modulated only by adequate vestibular stimulation. Ipsilateral horizontal rotations of the head were excitatory for all units. No modification of this basic vestibular response by visual stimulation including full-field striped drum rotation was observed. Furthermore no correlation of unit activity with oculomotor function including voluntary saccadic and pursuit eye movements was found in any of the units. The regularity of spontaneous discharge was the most consistent characteristic that differentiated the unit response into types. Most units were very regular in discharge, but a few were very irregular. The averaging of unit discharge over several cycles of oscillatory head rotation showed that the irregular type units were also consistently modulated by adequate vestibular stimulation. Both regular and irregular type units were found in the anesthetized animals. Unimodal distributions of the quantitative values for unit resting discharge rate, sensitivity, and phase relationship were found. The distributions for these three parameters were similar in the units recorded in the anesthetized animals. Thus at least these characteristics of semicircular canal response seem not to be affected by the vestibular efferent system which should be altered or eliminated in the case of the anesthetized animals.Research supported by NIH Grant EY0995-04.     

神经系统轴突生长的数值模拟

目的数值模拟神经系统在发育过程中轴突的生长情况。方法根据神经发育原理,建立具有一定刚性的非线性混合抛物型偏微分方程组,运用ADI差分格式和改进的欧拉法作数值分析。结果 (1)在一个正方形平面区域内有10个轴突以相等的间距围成圆形,当中心有1个靶细胞时,轴突生长路径的数值模拟结果与前人所做的有关结果一致;(2)轴突的初始位置同(1),当中央有4个两两上下并排分布的靶细胞时,数值模拟结果很好地反映了轴突生长时的趋化性;(3)在区域的近上、下边界分别有一串靶细胞和一串轴突时,数值模拟结果较好地反映了轴突结集生长时的成束和解束现象。结论本文给出的数学模型和数值主法能够较好地模拟有关实验所观测到的主要现象。     

原因不明的长期发热常见疾病鉴别诊断专家系统

本文报告用模糊数学和概率统计评分法模拟人的思维建立原因不明的长期发热常见疾病鉴别诊断专家系统，用ＦＯＸＢＡＳＥ＋语言编程并在微型电子计算机上实现，回顾性检测正确率９４．４％，用２５０例确诊病例验证诊断正确率为９０．３％，与专家诊断比较符合率＞８７％。     

Suppression of the immune system by oral glucocorticoid therapy in bronchial asthma

The effect of systemic glucocorticoid therapy on immune parameters was studied in patients with bronchial asthma. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) those receiving oral glucocorticoid; 2) control patients who did not receive systemic glucocorticoid treatment. The glucocorticoid dose varied between 5 and 70 mg per day. Patients had been taking oral therapy for at least 1 year. Glucocorticoid treatment was associated with an increased frequency of respiratory tract infections. Therefore, we need to define immune parameters which may predict an increased risk of infections. In this study, we analyzed several surface markers on lymphocytes and monocytes by flow cytometry. A significant reduction of the ratio of peripheral blood CD4⁺ to CD8⁺ T cells was associated with the administration of oral glucocorticoids. Furthermore, the expression of the HLA-DR molecule on monocytes was reduced in patients with systemic glucocorticoid therapy compared to control patients. Moreover, the capacity to elaborate cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon stimulation was greatly reduced after exposure to glucocorticoids in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the humoral immune response was affected, because reduced IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were observed in patients receiving oral glucocorticoids. These results indicate that systemic glucocorticoid treatment in patients with bronchial asthma is associated with cellular and humoral immunosuppression which results in an increased risk of bacterial and viral infections.     

非细胞体系核重构过程的超微结构研究

用电镜观察Lambda DNA与非洲爪蟾卵提取物在非细胞体系内的核重构,发现Lambda DNA首先诱导形成类染色质结构,膜泡、核孔复合体围绕这一结构组装成双层核膜,同时类染色质也随着核膜的装配,表现出从致密凝聚到呈现松散均匀分布的变化。有工作表明,在由染色质诱导的核重构过程中,或者是膜泡先与染色质结合,然后有核孔出现,或者是核孔物质先与染色质作用,膜泡通过结合核孔物质形成双层核膜。我们观察由外源DNA诱导的核重构过程,则发现膜泡与核孔复合体先分别独立地与类染色质结构相互作用,然后核孔复合体再镶嵌到双层核膜中。     

医院输血管理系统的设计和应用

本文描述了医院输血管理系统的流程、功能、结构以及数据库设计过程.介绍了系统软件功能模块.系统的应用实现了安全用血、降低输血差错率,提升医院的整体医疗质量.     

Effect of acute ammonia intoxication on energy stores in the cerebral reticular activating system

Summary Ammonia intoxication causes loss of consciousness. One postulated mechanism for this stipulates impaired energy metabolism in critical brain sites. The ascending reticular activating system in the brainstem may modulate consciousness. Accordingly, the present study, using micromethods, assessed energy stores in cells from the reticular activating system of mice acutely intoxicated with ammonia. In the early coma period (3.5 min after ammonia) phosphocreatine, adenosine triphosphate and glucose fell significantly while glycogen decreased later. Subsequently during coma, the high energy phosphates returned to normal and supranormal. The maximal fall in these metabolites was not accompanied by a rise in lactate, implying lack of local hypoxia or acidosis. The cells of the posterior colliculus in the same animals failed to show a significant fall in energy stores. These data suggest a selective effect of ammonia on energy metabolism in the cells of the reticular activating system of the brainstem.Abbreviations NH Ammonia - ATP Adenosine Triphosphate - PC Phosphocreatine - RAS Reticular Activating System Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association of the Study of the Liver Disease, Chicago, 1980Supported in part by USPHS Grant N.S. 16621