Discrepancy between clinical and pathological neck staging in oral cavity carcinomas

Introduction

The presence of cervical lymph node metastases in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma reduces survival by up to 50%.

数据中心在医院运营分析中的应用研究

概述了数据中心在医院中应用的重要性，结合医院信息系统建设，建立了以医院运营为核心的数据中心架构，对数据中心的数据模型进行了详细阐述，并详细介绍了我院数据中心的作用，结合实例，进行了分析。     

Intestinal inflammation induces adaptation of P-glycoprotein expression and activity

Recent studies suggest that P-glycoprotein (Pgp) encoded by MDR1 gene, may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we investigated intestinal Pgp expression and activity: (1) in IL10 deficient (IL10(-/-)) mice which spontaneously develop intestinal inflammation affecting the small and large intestine and (2) in DSS (dextran sodium sulfate)-induced rat colitis. In IL10(-/-) enterocolitis mice, rhodamine 123 efflux was reduced by two to three-fold along the small and large intestine. This decrease was associated with a reduction in membrane's Pgp protein levels. A similar three-fold decrease in Pgps activity and expression was observed in the proximal colon in DSS-induced colitis in rats. However, in the non-inflamed ileum in DSS-induced rat colitis, epithelial cell's Pgp activity and protein levels were unexpectedly increased. This effect was specific to local inflammation since LPS induced systemic inflammation did affect neither the intestinal rho 123 efflux transport nor the abundance of the Pgp protein. These data demonstrate for the first time, an impaired function of epithelial Pgp in IL10 deficient enterocolitis mice. They also show an increase in Pgps activity in the non-inflamed ileum in the DSS-induced rat colitis, which may represent an adaptive mechanism to compensate the impaired activity of Pgp in the colon.     

苦参碱与氧化苦参碱对炎症相关结直肠癌的化学预防作用研究

目的研究苦参碱与氧化苦参碱对炎症相关结直肠癌的化学预防作用。方法采用氧化偶氮甲烷/葡聚糖硫酸钠(AOM/DSS)模拟炎症相关的结直肠癌的发生发展过程。将小鼠分成对照组、模型组、苦参碱组与氧化苦参碱组,实验结束后处死小鼠,取出结直肠,统计肿瘤发生率;病理切片观察肿瘤的发生程度、免疫组化法检测结肠组织中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达情况;Western blotting法检测结直肠组织中环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(i NOS)、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、P53和γH2AX蛋白表达情况。结果对照组无肿瘤发生,模型组、苦参碱组与氧化苦参碱组均有肿瘤发生,但肿瘤发生程度不同。苦参碱与氧化苦参碱能够降低PCNA的表达而抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖,同时降低COX-2、i NOS、NF-κB、P53与γH2AX蛋白的表达。结论苦参碱与氧化苦参碱均能减缓肿瘤的发展进程,降低肿瘤的严重程度,具有一定的化学预防作用;同时能对溃疡性结直肠炎进行有效干预,减缓肿瘤的发生程度甚至降低肿瘤的发生率。     

Haemophilus influenzae-protein D specific antibody correlate with protection against acute otitis media in young children

BackgroundHaemophilus influenzae (Hi) causes respiratory infections and pathogenesis of this microbe begins in the human nasopharynx (NP). The objective of this study was to assess the correlation of NP colonization-induced serum antibody levels to Hi protein D with risk of acute otitis media (AOM) in children <2 yr.Methods455 sera from 213 children (age 6–24 months old) were collected when they were colonized with Hi and when the children developed AOM. Presence of Hi during AOM was confirmed by culture of middle ear fluid. Quantitative ELISA was used to determine serum IgG against protein D antigen.ResultsAsymptomatic Hi NP colonization reduced the risk of future AOM infections. Higher serum IgG titers against Hi protein D were correlated with reduced future AOM risk.ConclusionColonization by Hi reduces future AOM risk. Higher antibody levels against protein D correlates with lower risk of AOM caused by Hi.     

Egg yolk proteins suppress azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation and cell proliferation in the colon of rats

Dietary proteins can influence colonic carcinogenesis; some proteins have a promotional effect, whereas others exhibit a preventive effect. Dietary egg yolk proteins have been reported to suppress the expression of colon tumors in rats. In this study, we investigated the effect of consumption egg yolk proteins on cell proliferation in a rat model of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer. We hypothesize, based on the literature of egg yolk protein actions, that they protect against colon tumor development. Therefore, male F344 rats were fed a purified AIN-93G diet containing either 20% casein (control) or 20% egg yolk proteins for 5 weeks. After 1 week on the experimental diet, the rats were administered weekly subcutaneous injections of saline or AOM for 2 weeks to induce aberrant crypt foci. Rats were administered an intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine 1 hour before being euthanized for examination of DNA synthesis in the colonic mucosa. The contents of the cecum were analyzed for the presence of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In the AOM-injected rats, the yolk protein diet suppressed aberrant crypt foci formation and reduced the proliferative 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine–labeling index in the proximal colon when compared with the control diet. A significant increase in cecal SCFAs was observed in the rats that were fed egg yolk proteins. These results indicate that dietary egg yolk proteins have a preventive effect on AOM-induced large bowel carcinogenesis in rats; it exerts this effect by altering cell proliferation through SCFA production. This study suggests that the consumption of egg yolk proteins might be protective against colon carcinogenesis.     

Chemopreventive effect of raw and cooked lentils (Lens culinaris L) and soybeans (Glycine max) against azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci

Although lentils (Lens culinaris L) contain several bioactive compounds that have been linked to the prevention of cancer, the in vivo chemopreventive ability of lentils against chemically induced colorectal cancer has not been examined. Our present study examined the hypothesis that lentils could suppress the early carcinogenesis in vivo by virtue of their bioactive micro- and macroconstituents and that culinary thermal treatment could affect their chemopreventive potential. To accomplish this goal, we used raw whole lentils (RWL), raw split lentils (RSL), cooked whole lentils (CWL), and cooked split lentils (CSL). Raw soybeans (RSB; Glycine max) were used for the purpose of comparison with a well-studied chemopreventive agent. Sixty weanling Fischer 344 male rats, 4 to 5 weeks of age, were randomly assigned to 6 groups (10 rats/group): the control group (C) received AIN-93G diet, and treatment leguminous groups of RWL, CWL, RSL, CSL, and RSB received the treatment diets containing AIN-93G+5% of the above-mentioned legumes. After acclimatization for 1 week (at 5th to 6th week of age), all animals were put on the control and treatment diets separately for 5 weeks (from 6th to 11th week of age). At the end of the 5th week of feeding (end of 11th week of age), all rats received 2 subcutaneous injections of azoxymethane carcinogen at 15 mg/kg rat body weight per dose once a week for 2 consecutive weeks. After 17 weeks of the last azoxymethane injection (from 12th to 29th week of age), all rats were euthanized. Chemopreventive ability was assessed using colonic aberrant crypt foci and activity of hepatic glutathione-S-transferases. Significant reductions (P < .05) were found in total aberrant crypt foci number (mean ± SEM) for RSB (27.33 ± 4.32), CWL (33.44 ± 4.56), and RSL (37.00 ± 6.02) in comparison with the C group (58.33 ± 8.46). Hepatic glutathione-S-transferases activities increased significantly (P < .05) in rats fed all treatment diets (from 51.38 ± 3.66 to 67.94 ± 2.01 μmol mg⁻¹ min⁻¹) when compared with control (C) diet (26.13 ± 1.01 μmol mg⁻¹ min⁻¹). Our findings indicate that consumption of lentils might be protective against colon carcinogenesis and that hydrothermal treatment resulted in an improvement in the chemopreventive potential for the whole lentils.