鼻咽癌患者鼻咽部感染的相关因素及护理现状

鼻咽癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一 ,以东南亚一带及我国的广东、广西发病率最高[1] 。放射治疗是鼻咽癌的首选治疗手段 [2 ] 。但在放射治疗期间患者会出现较多的副作用 ,如鼻咽部感染是放射治疗鼻咽癌患者一种较常见的并发症 ,它不仅影响患者的工作和生活质量 ,有时甚至可导致放疗中断。近年来 ,为了防治放射治疗鼻咽癌患者鼻咽部的感染 ,临床护理工作者进行了大量的观察研究和临床实践 ,改进了鼻咽冲洗的方法 ,并根据病人的病情选择不同的鼻咽冲洗液 ,在预防鼻咽部感染方面积累了较多的经验。现将放射治疗鼻咽癌患者鼻咽部感染的相关因素、…     

直接冲洗联合前房注吸清除晶状体皮质

在单纯白内障囊外摘除或联合人工晶状体植入术中,晶状体皮质(以下简称皮质)的清除在整个手术过程中甚为关键。现代白内障摘除清除晶状     

穿刺置管局部冲洗用药治疗化脓性乳腺炎

化脓性乳腺炎为哺乳期妇女常见疾病，常需切开引流，本院采用穿刺置管引流局部用药治疗化脓性乳腺炎获得良好效果。     

左侧鼻腔鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤1例报告

病例男,46岁。3月前无明显诱因出现左鼻涕中带血,未予重视。症状渐行性加重,于1月前出现左侧头痛,呈持续性胀痛,左眼外突复视,无眼球活动受限,无鼻阻、鼻出血,左嗅觉丧失。体检:左鼻中甲充血、糜烂,左鼻中甲及鼻道见粉色新生物,质脆、易出血,见血性分泌物。左额窦及筛窦区压痛,     

Treatment of singultus following craniocerebral injury★ Intranasal cavity drip infusion versus intramuscular injection of aminazine

BACKGROUND: Craniocerebral injury always accompanies with singultus, while frequent singultus may cause increased intracranial pressure. Simultaneously, respiratory alkalosis and cerebral hypoxia induced by respiratory disorder may aggravate craniocerebral injury. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effects of intranasal cavity drip infusion of aminazine and intramuscular injection on singultus following craniocerebral injury. DESIGN: Contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 102 patients with singultus following craniocerebral injury were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital from June 2001 to June 2006. Patients with craniocerebral injury were diagnosed with CT examination and randomly divided into nasal cavity medication group (n =62) and intramuscular injection group (n =40). There were 44 males and 18 females in the nasal cavity medication group and their mean age was (33±4) years; while, there were 26 males and 14 females in the intramuscular injection group and their mean age was (29±4) years. All patients and their relatives provided the confirmed consent. METHODS: Patients in the nasal cavity medication group were slowly dripped aminazine solution into bilateral nasal cavity with the dosage of 12.5 mg (0.5 mL). Patients who had no obvious effect or had mild improvement received the treatment once every 6 hours. The treatment was stopped if symptoms were also observed after the fifth medication. In addition, patients in the intramuscular injection group received intramuscular injection of 50 mg aminazine. Patients who had no obvious effect or had mild improvement received the treatment once every 6 hours. The treatment was changed if symptoms were also observed after the fifth medication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Therapeutic effects of different medications in the two groups. RESULTS: All 102 patients were involved in the final analysis. Effective rate in the nasal cavity medication group was higher than that in the intramuscular injection group, and there was significant difference (χ2= 11.882, P < 0.01). At 6 hours after onset of singultus, effective rate in the nasal cavity medication group was higher than that in the intramuscular injection group, and there was significant difference (χ2 =8.188, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic effects of intranasal cavity drip infusion of aminazine on singultus following craniocerebral injury are superior to those of intramuscular injection.     

沐舒坦应用于人工气道冲洗的护理研究

目的：根据沐舒坦对呼吸系统的保护作用及机制,应用于人工气道的冲洗,避免传统的气道冲洗液的弊端,减少它们带来的副作用,控制感染减少并发症。方法：将80例肺与食道或体循术后行机械通气、气管切开48h以上的患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,各40例;两组病人在综合治疗基础上各自采用不同的冲洗液冲洗气道。两组病人在冲洗前后,通过血气分析,监测血氧饱和度、动脉血氧分压、动脉血二氧化碳分压情况,进行疗效对比。结果：治疗组优于对照组。结论：用沐舒坦作为气道冲洗液,能迅速通畅呼吸道,减少痰液、促进排痰,改善肺功能,从根本上显著减轻呼吸困难,明显改善预后,保证病人的早期康复,提高病人的生命质量具有一定的意义。     

瑞纳快速止血气囊在鼻出血病人中的应用观察及护理

目的:观察瑞纳快速止血气囊在鼻出血病人中的止血效果,总结临床护理经验。方法:对68例鼻出血住院病人采用带气囊的瑞纳快速止血材料(即瑞纳快速止血气囊)行鼻腔填塞,观察病人的止血效果及不良反应。结果:即时止血有效率100%,8h内止血60例(88.2%),8h～48h止血5例(7.4%)48h～72h2例(2.9%),无效1例(1.5%);有5例(7.4%)病人诉鼻部胀痛,3例(4.4%)病人诉头痛。结论:瑞纳快速止血气囊用于鼻出血的填塞治疗,止血效果好,不良反应少。     

多发伤伴腹膜后血肿误行剖腹探查1例

1．病历摘要 患者男。28岁。施工时被重物砸伤腰背部，鼻腔出血。双下肢截瘫，当时无烦躁不安，无意识昏迷及呕吐．急送我院。测血压60／30mmHg，心率125次min，意识淡漠．腹部平坦、对称。全腹肌紧张、压痛。反跳痛不明显。无胃肠型及蠕动波。肠鸣音正常。移动性浊音(士)。胸骨剑突以下感觉丧失。双下肢肌力0级。骨盆挤压分离试验阳性．腹腔穿刺抽出5ml不凝血．