精神科护理管理中的以人为本理念探讨

目的探讨"以人为本"的护理理念在精神科护理中的应用价值。方法选取自2016年6月-2018年5月期间该院收治的100例精神病患者作为实验研究对象,随机将100例患者分为实验组与对照组,对照组患者采用常规方法进行护理,护理人员在"以人为本"的理念的指导下对实验组患者进行护理。6个月后比较两组患者的疗效及IPROS评分。结果经过一段时间的护理,采用住院精神病患者康复疗效评定量表(IPROS)对两组患者治疗前后的评分进行比较分析。护理前,两组患者的评分对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理后,两组患者的评分明显低于对照组患者的评分。实验组中,33例对护理满意,15例基本满意,不满意2例,护理满意度为96.00%;对照组中,20例对护理满意,17例基本满意,不满意13例,护理满意度为74.00%。护理满意度方面实验组明显高于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在精神病患者的临床护理中,遵循"以人为本"的护理理念,能够在很大程度上改善精神病患者的临床护理效果,大大提升护理满意度,从而达到满意的治疗效果,因此,"以人为本"的护理理念值得在临床实践中进行推广。     

人性化理念提升心内科患者护理满意度的效果研究

目的 探讨人性化理念在提升心内科患者护理满意度中的效果.方法 选取心内科260例患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组(常规程序护理组)和观察组(人性化理念护理组)各130例,比较护理后1周及出院时2组患者对健康宣教、基础护理、护理态度及护理效率的总满意率.结果 观察组护理后1周及出院时对健康宣教、基础护理、护理态度及护理效率的总满意率均高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 人性化理念在提升心内科患者护理满意度中的效果较好,可显著提升患者对各个方面护理的认可程度.     

自然药学观的相关性思考

基于天人合一整体观,结合研究发现感悟,分析药物本质的必然性,提出自然药学观,认为自然界必然存在着维存人类生命的自然药物界及其药物体系。其组成药物元素及其关联药物,为具有特定应答生命体系状态信息、维存生命的相应独特的物质,具有特定组成规律,而呈现相应的药物属性特性,其总集合药物体系为自然药物界。自然药物界的相关性主要表征为药物体系的网络关联性,网络单元为药物-性能-(生命)信息。以药物体系为网络单元,可逐一揭示单物质药物、多物质药物、所有药物的组成体系与相关性及其存在规律,从而以其特定的相关性将自然药物界中各药物体系相互连接,构建出自然药物界网络关联体系,以发现最适药物体系,创造最佳药物,实现从药物必然王国进入药物自由王国。     

关于检验质量理论几个基本概念的思考和建议

检验结果的准确度（性）与可靠性是同一概念的两种说法，“精密度”是准确度的基础部分，而不应当说可靠包括了准确和精密两个方面。“精密度”概念在检验医学上的内涵与其在《汉语词典》中的词义有很大出入，且precision与accuracy这两个英文单词也有词义交叉。科学与文化从来就不割裂，故而作者建议在这个概念上停止使用“精密度”这一名词，改用稳定性（度）和（或）重复性之名。定义“正确度”这一概念来表示均值与真值的接近程度不合适，何况“偏倚”这个概念已能说明相关问题。严谨的表述应当为，室内质量控制反映检验结果的稳定性，室间质量评价则评估检验结果的准确性。由此建议，将室问质量评价又称作准确性验证．室内质量控制也可另称作稳定性监控。     

Bayesian species delimitation using multilocus sequence data

In the absence of recent admixture between species, bipartitions of individuals in gene trees that are shared across loci can potentially be used to infer the presence of two or more species. This approach to species delimitation via molecular sequence data has been constrained by the fact that genealogies for individual loci are often poorly resolved and that ancestral lineage sorting, hybridization, and other population genetic processes can lead to discordant gene trees. Here we use a Bayesian modeling approach to generate the posterior probabilities of species assignments taking account of uncertainties due to unknown gene trees and the ancestral coalescent process. For tractability, we rely on a user-specified guide tree to avoid integrating over all possible species delimitations. The statistical performance of the method is examined using simulations, and the method is illustrated by analyzing sequence data from rotifers, fence lizards, and human populations.     

中医肝脏生理与病理理论对于我国眼科学发展的意义

整体恒动观是中医核心理念。中医认为：肝主目;眼为五脏之精,肝为五脏之长;肝主疏泄,条畅情志;肝生血气,藏血藏魂;肝主血海、主谋略;肝生“相火”,萌发元阳;肝为将军之官,主攘外安内;肝主筋主动,为罴极之本;肝为泪。中医强调：百病从肝治;上医治未病;治病求本,以人为本。根据中医肝脏生理与病理理论,很多感染性与包括肿瘤的免疫性眼病、代谢性与退行性眼病、缺血性与出血性和血管增生性眼病、干眼症与全身病相关眼病都能够从根本上防治,减少甚至避免抗生素与免疫抑制剂等药物、激光与手术治疗,进而推动眼科医学模式变革,提高我国眼病防治科学水平。中医肝脏生理与病理理论能够对于我国以及世界眼科学的发展做出重大贡献。     

Enhancing oral health for better mental health: Exploring the views of mental health professionals

The association between oral health, self‐esteem and quality of life is well established yet there is limited research on the impact of addressing the poor oral health of people living with mental health disorders. Greater consideration is warranted on how enhancing oral health in the course of mental healthcare might reduce the burden of a person's ill health. The role of mental health professionals is important in this regard yet uncertainty persists about the role these providers can and should play in promoting oral health care for people with mental health disorders. This qualitative study explored the issue of oral health and mental health with community based mental health professionals in Perth, Western Australia. It examined their views on the oral health status and experiences of their clients, and the different and alternative ways to improve access to care, knowledge and preventative regimens. Findings indicated participants’ ambivalence, reluctance and lack of training in raising oral health issues, despite its acknowledged importance, indicating a siloed approach to care. Findings offer an opportunity to reflect on whether a more integrated approach to oral health care for people with mental health disorders would improve health outcomes.     

互补式术前访视对手术患者心理状态及满意度的影响

目的 探讨互补式访视对手术患者围手术期心理状态及满意度的影响.方法 将300例择期全麻手术患者分为试验组和对照组,各150例,对照组行常规术前访视;试验组患者进行互补式术前访视.比较2组患者血压、心率、焦虑、抑郁评分变化并进行满意度调查.结果 试验组入手术室10 min血压、心率、焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组(P＜0.05);试验组术后满意度评价满意高于对照组(P ＜0.05).结论 互补式术前访视可以稳定围术期患者的心理状态,促进患者的主动配合,能够有效保持其血压、心率稳定,提高手术安全性和病人满意度.