Quantity and quality of complementary and alternative medicine recommendations in clinical practice guidelines for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

AimsApproximately 70% of Americans with diabetes have used complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the past year. Healthcare providers often receive minimal training on these therapies and subsequently rely on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to supplement their knowledge about the safe and effective use of CAM for the treatment/management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the quantity and assess the quality of CAM recommendations in CPGs for the treatment and/or management of T2DM.Data synthesisMEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were systematically searched from 2009 to 2020, in addition to the Guidelines International Network and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health websites. CPGs containing treatment and/or management recommendations for T2DM were eligible; those with CAM recommendations were quality-assessed with the AGREE II instrument twice, once for the overall CPG and once for the CAM sections. Twenty-seven CPGs were deemed eligible, of which 7 made CAM recommendations. Mean scaled domain percentages were (overall, CAM): scope and purpose (89.7%, 79.8%), clarity of presentation (85.7%, 48.4%), stakeholder involvement (67.9%, 28.2%), applicability (54.8%, 20.2%), rigour of development (49.7%, 35.7%), and editorial independence (44.1%, 44.1%).ConclusionsQuality varied within and across CPGs; domain scores across CAM sections generally scored lower than the overall CPG. Given that CAM therapies for T2DM are only represented in one-quarter of eligible CPGs and are of lower quality, a knowledge gap exists for healthcare providers who seek evidence-based information on this topic in order to effectively counsel inquiring patients.     

A novel method for lymphadenectomy along the left laryngeal recurrent nerve during thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma

Background

Due to limited space in the left upper mediastinum, complete dissection of lymph nodes (LN) along left recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is difficult. We herein present a novel method for lymphadenectomy along the left RLN during thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the semi-prone position for esophageal carcinoma. The method, suspension the esophagus and push aside trachea, allows en bloc lymphadenectomy along the left RLN from the below aortic arch to the thoracic inlet.

Methods

Between September 2014 and September 2015, a total of 110 consecutive patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis in the semi-prone position. Outcomes between those who received surgery with the novel method and conventional surgery were compared.

Results

Fifty patients underwent the novel method and sixty received conventional surgery. The operative field around the left RLN was easier to explore with the novel method. The estimated blood loss was less (23.7±8.2 vs. 34.2±10.3 g, P=0.001), and the number of harvested LNs along the left RLN was greater (6.4±3.2 vs. 4.1±2.8 min, P=0.028) in the novel method group, while the duration of lymphadenectomy along left RLN was longer in the novel method group (28.2±3.9 vs. 20.3±2.8 min, P=0.005). The rate of hoarseness in the novel and conventional groups was 10% and 16.7%, respectively. No significant difference in postoperative morbidity related to the left RLN was noted between the groups.

Conclusions

The novel method during semi-prone esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma is associated with better surgeon ergonomics and operative exposure.     

Hemoglobin A1c,frequency of glucose testing and social disadvantage: Metrics of racial health disparity in youth with type 1 diabetes

Introduction

Black youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have higher HbA1c than whites. To understand HbA1c differences, we examined the relationship of psycho-social factors and glucose testing with HbA1c.

IFCC参考方法对两种常规检测系统ALP结果正确度的验证

目的评价常规检测系统测定血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的正确度。方法以国际临床化学联合会(IFCC)参考方法和两种常规检测系统(简称A法、B法)同时测定20份新鲜单人份血清样品。按美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)EP9-A2文件评价两种常规检测系统测定结果的正确度,并用改良Bland-Altman图形分析法进行验证,评价常规检测系统与参考方法测定结果的一致性,综合判断常规检测系统的测定结果。按CLSI EP14-A2文件评价A、B两种方法校准品的基质效应。结果 A法、B法与IFCC参考方法测定结果的直线回归方程分别为YA=0.982 9XIFCC+0.010 8,YB=0.938 3XIFCC+0.012 9,平均偏倚分别为-1.1%、-5.5%。A法和B法检测结果的相关方程为YB=0.955 2XA+0.001 36,R2=0.997 6。A法和B法的校准品均存在基质效应,其中A法校准品的基质效应更明显。结论 A法与IFCC参考方法正确度性能一致,B法与IFCC参考方法正确度性能不一致。     

肺炎支原体感染实验室诊断方法研究进展

肺炎支原体是一种介于细菌和病毒之间的微生物.近年来,肺炎支原体感染发病率呈显著上升趋势,严重威胁了小儿的身体健康.因肺炎支原体感染早期不易诊断,故寻求早期敏感性强、特异性高的实验室指标非常重要.本文就有关肺炎支原体感染检测诊断方法的研究情况作一综述.     

Does clinical experience affect the reproducibility of cervical vertebrae maturation method?

Objective:To assess interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility of the cervical vertebrae maturation method (CVMM) among three panels of judges with different levels of orthodontic experience (OE).Materials and Methods:Fifty individual lateral cephalograms of good quality with complete visualization of cervical vertebrae 1 to 4 were selected. Thirty clinicians, divided according to their OE into three groups (junior group, JU, OE ≤ 1 year; postgraduate group, PG, 2 ≤ OE ≤ 4 years; specialist group, SP, OE ≥ 7 years), evaluated the cephalograms in two sessions (T₁ and T₂) at 3 weeks apart. Kendall''s W and weighted Cohen''s kappa (κ) coefficients were performed to assess interobserver and intraobserver agreement. The level of significance was set as P < .05. For both the interobserver and the intraobserver datasets, the percentage of perfect agreement (PPA) and the number of stages apart for each disagreement were calculated.Results:Kendall''s W at T₁ was SP  =  0.61, PG  =  0.70, and JU  =  0.87; at T₂ it was SP  =  0.78, PG  =  0.85, and JU  =  0.86. The percentage of total interobserver perfect agreement (Inter-PPA) was 42.3% at T₁ and 46.3% at T₂. The JU group had the highest Cohen''s κ coefficient at 0.78, while the PG and SP had coefficients of 0.64 each. The percentage of total intraobserver perfect agreement (Intra-PPA) was 54.2%.Conclusions:The reproducibility of the method was not improved by the level of orthodontic experience. The group with the lowest level of orthodontic experience had the best performance.     

An overview of the endodontic curriculum in Fiji from 2009 to 2013

This paper seeks to provide the reader with an overview of the endodontic curriculum in Fiji from 2009 to 2013. It also intends to inform readers of the changes in endodontic teaching, the learning methods utilised, curriculum development, the transition from block teaching to partial block teaching combined with longitudinal teaching, and the future plans for the endodontic module.     

全自动红细胞沉降率分析仪Monitor-100测定结果的评价

目的评价全自动血沉仪Monitor-100测定红细胞沉降率(ESR)结果的可靠性和准确性。方法随机选取住院和门诊患者146例,采用自动ESR分析仪Monitor-100的30min和1h及魏氏法测定ESR,并对3种方法进行比较并进行重复性检测。结果 (1)仪器法30min、仪器法1h、魏氏法检测ESR值分别为37.8±34.1、38.1±33.7和36.4±32.9,两两比较其差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)仪器法30min、仪器法1h、魏氏法的阳性结果检出率依次为43.2%、44.5%和45.2%,未发现有统计学差异(P0.05)。(3)仪器法30min、仪器法1h、仪器法30min与魏氏法、仪器法1h与魏氏法之间比较,Kapper值依次为0.944、0.875、0.903。(4)重复性检测CV值均较小,均在可接受范围内。结论全自动ESR分析仪Monitor-100与魏氏法相比,假阳性率和假阴性率均较低,且一致性、重复性极好,方便快速且安全,应在临床上大量推广。     

Sysmex XE-5000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式对胸、腹腔积液白细胞计数与分类计数的结果分析

目的探讨Sysmex XE-5000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式对胸、腹腔积液白细胞计数与分类计数的临床应用。方法收集临床住院患者胸、腹腔积液标本196例,分别采用Sysmex XE-5000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式(半导体激光的流式技术-仪器法)和显微镜人工计数法(手工法)进行白细胞计数与分类计数,根据仪器计数结果将胸、腹腔积液分为两组进行两种方法的相关性分析,A组:(0~1 500)×106/L,B组:大于1 500×106/L。结果分析数据显示,两种方法对胸、腹腔积液白细胞计数与分类计数结果相关性良好,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Sysmex XE-5000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式对胸、腹腔积液白细胞计数与分类计数检验有着良好的应用价值。