新型喹诺酮类抗菌药加雷沙星

加雷沙星为一新型广谱喹诺酮类抗茵药,它不仅保持了喹诺酮类抗菌药对G-菌的抗茵活性,对G 菌的抗菌活性也明显增强,临床主要用于治疗呼吸系统感染,泌尿系统感染和皮肤,软组织感染等疾病.其结构中喹诺酮母核6位去除氟不但可以改善活性,而且可降低药物不良反应.现对其药动学、药理作用、临床应用及安全性等作一综述.     

黄芪中氨基酸、黄酮类成分的特征薄层图谱鉴别

目的 建立黄芪中氨基酸、异黄酮类成分的薄层特征图谱检查方法.方法 归纳总结《中国药典》2005年版、中药成方制剂标准及新药转正标准等相应标准中涉及黄芪中氨基酸、异黄酮类成分的检查法,试验筛选比较,最终确定特征薄层图谱.结果 两类成分的特征成分分离良好.结论 本方法简便易行,可用于黄芪中氨基酸、异黄酮类成分的检查.     

数字化色谱指纹谱法控制半夏的质量

目的:建立半夏的数字化色谱指纹谱,以对其进行质量控制。方法:采用HPLC梯度洗脱技术进行分离分析,色谱柱:AgilentZorbaxODSC18柱;流动相:乙腈-水作梯度洗脱;检测波长:210nm;流速:0.5mL/min;柱温:25℃。结果:在选定的色谱条件下,建立了半夏的数字化色谱指纹谱,制定了控制半夏质量的指纹谱技术参数。结论:利用数字化色谱指纹谱技术控制半夏的质量是可行的。     

正交试验结合苯酚-硫酸法优选茅苍术中多糖的提取工艺

目的:优选出茅苍术中多糖成分的最佳水提取工艺。方法:采用水提醇沉法提取多糖成分,以苯酚-硫酸法测定总多糖的含量。以总多糖含量为评价指标,以提取时间、提取次数和加水量为影响因素,采用正交试验优选茅苍术中总多糖的最佳提取工艺。结果:茅苍术中多糖成分的最佳提取工艺为水提取3次,每次加水10倍量,每次提取1.0小时。结论:正交试验结合苯酚-硫酸法考察茅苍术中多糖成分的最佳水提取工艺稳定可行。     

中药现代化两种不同思路的剖析

概述了中药现代化的内涵；探讨了中药现代化的两种思路；列举了两种思路的利与弊；指出在当前情况下，应采取两种思路并举方针来加快中药现代化步伐。     

视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病一般临床特征和神经系统外表现研究

目的:研究视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSDs)的一般临床特点、神经系统外表现,并分析可能影响复发的临床因素.方法:回顾性收集NMOSDs患者55例为NMOSDs组,健康体检者36例为对照组,主要记录血常规、肾功能、肌酸激酶等指标、AQP4-Ab状态以及相关影像学检查结果,记录首发核心症状、复发次数等临床特征.结果:NM...     

Structure Characterization and Impact Effect of Al-Cu Graded Materials Prepared by Tape Casting

With the need of developing new materials, exploring new phenomenon, and discovering new mechanisms under extreme conditions, the response of materials to high-pressure compression attract more attention. However, the high-pressure state deviating from the Hugoniot line is difficult to realize by conventional experiments. Gas gun launching graded materials could reach the state. In our work, the corresponding Al-Cu composites and graded materials are prepared by tape casting and hot-pressing sintering. The microstructure and the acoustic impedance of the corresponding Al-Cu composites are analyzed to explain the impact behavior of Al-Cu graded materials. Computed tomographic testing and three-dimension surface profilometry machine results demonstrated well-graded structure and parallelism of the graded material. Al-Cu GMs with good parallelism are used to impact the Al-LiF target at 2.3 km/s using a two-stage light-gas gun, with an initial shock impact of 20.6 GPa and ramping until 27.2 GPa, deviating from the Hugoniot line.     

山西连翘挥发油气相色谱-质谱特征图谱研究

目的:建立道地产区山西不同地区、不同采收期的连翘挥发油特征图谱。方法:采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法对山西8个不同地区的青翘和老翘挥发油进行分析。色谱条件:HP-5MS色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm),进样口温度200℃,检测器(FID)温度250℃,程序升温60~230℃,载气为高纯氮气,流量1.0mL.min-1,分流比20∶1。质谱条件:EI源,电子能量70eV,离子源温度230℃。结果:生成了山西产青翘和老翘的挥发油GC标准特征,确认了12个共有峰,并用质谱分析鉴定出其成分。结论:青翘和老翘图谱中均含有12个共有峰,只是含量上有差异,经比较二者相似度值为0.741 0。本研究建立了山西产连翘挥发油的特征图谱,可将青翘和老翘很好的区分开来,以此评价山西不同地区、不同采收期的连翘质量。     

视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病脊髓病变的临床及影像学研究

目的 分析视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）脊髓病变临床及影像学特点。方法 选取2013年1月至2016年12月安徽医科大学第三附属医院收治的符合2015年NMOSD诊断标准国际共识、以急性脊髓炎为主要表现的NMOSD患者6例,回顾分析患者临床资料、影像学表现及特点。结果 6例患者的脊髓MRI均可见纵向延伸≥3个椎体节段的T₂高信号,3例患者连续节段超过7,1例患者存在延髓受累。病灶连续横贯在脊髓中心或脊髓灰质（铺状态下选择70%位于灰质）,呈对称性的圆形及H形。1例患者可见亮点灶。6例患者中脊髓肿胀有2例,3例表现为条索状,1例为斑片状。结论 NMOSD脊髓病变患者以运动障碍为主要表现,视神经受累预示着高复发几率。纵向延伸≥3个椎体节段T₂高信号是NMOSD的常见表现。亮点灶对于NMOSD具有鉴别意义,早期诊断NMOSD,早期启动有效的免疫抑制治疗是预后的关键。     

Spectrum and immunophenotyping of 653 patients with B‐cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders in China: A single‐centre analysis

The incidence of B‐cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B‐CLPDs) is significantly lower in China than that in western countries. There have been studies involving small cohorts with conflicting results regarding the spectrum of B‐CLPDs in China, and the types and immunophenotyping of B‐CLPDs in China remain largely unexplored. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 653 cases of B‐CLPDs seen in our centre from 2011 to 2015. Four‐colour flow cytometry was used to determine the expression of each immunological marker, and the diagnostic values of the immunological markers were also investigated. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) was the most common type of B‐CLPD, which was consistent with that in west countries. However, the proportions of CLL (55.9%), follicular lymphoma (2.6%), and hairy cell leukaemia (0.2%) were lower, while the proportion of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/WaldenstrÖm macroglobulinaemia (5.4%) was higher in China, as compared with western countries. With respect to immunophenotypic characteristics, CD23 (31.7%) was more frequently expressed in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) in our cohort than that in western countries. Immunophenotyping was useful in differentiating MCL from CLL or B‐cell prolymphocytic leukaemia and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/WaldenstrÖm macroglobulinaemia from splenic marginal zone lymphoma. CD200 was of better diagnostic performance (accuracy: 94.6%) in differentiating CLL from MCL compared with CD23 (accuracy: 93.3%). Some cases of B‐CPLDs, however, had no definite diagnoses, which were diagnosed as CD5⁺B‐CPLDs unclassified (7.7%) and CD5^?B‐CPLDs unclassified (15.8%). This is the largest study that systematically explores the spectrum and immunophenotyping of B‐CLPDs in Asia, confirming that spectrum of B‐CLPDs in China was different from that in western countries. The immunophenotypic features of B‐CLPDs were similar between China and western countries, although a few disparities exist. Cases with no definite diagnoses warrant further studies in the future.