Energy state and myosin heavy chain isoforms in single fibres of normal and transforming rabbit muscles

 Energy-rich phosphates, [ATP]/[ADP_free] ratios, and the myosin heavy chain (MHC) complement were determined in single fibres from normal rabbit muscles, and in fibres isolated from tibialis anterior muscle undergoing fast-to-slow conversion by chronic low-frequency stimulation (CLFS). In normal muscles, energy-rich phosphate contents and [ATP]/[ADP_free] ratios could thus be assigned to different MHC-based fibre types. Phosphocreatine (PCr) contents and [ATP]/[ADP_free] ratios differed markedly between fast- and slow-twitch fibres, as well as within the fast fibre subtypes. Both magnitudes were approximately twofold higher in the fastest (type IIB) fibres as compared to the slowest (type I) fibres. According to PCr contents and [ATP]/[ADP_free] ratios pure and hybrid fibres were aligned in an order similar to that determined by their contractile properties and myofibrillar ATPase activities. CLFS for up to 30 days induced pronounced decreases in PCr and [ATP]/[ADP_free] which attained levels twofold lower than in normal slow-twitch fibres. In both normal and stimulated muscles, PCr and [ATP]/[ADP_free] ratios were correlated, indicating their equilibrium in the different fibre types. The relationship detected between MHC isoform expression and the [ATP]/[ADP_free] ratio suggests that the drastic and persistent depression of the cellular energy state may act as an important signal initiating fast-to-slow transformation processes in muscle fibres. Received: 26 June 1998 / Accepted: 31 July 1998     

Lymphocyte Responses to an Aqueous Extract from Cow Hair and Dander

The proliferative responsiveness to cow dander antigens of lymphocytes from 23 asthmatic patients with allergy to cow hair and dander, from 10 patients with allergic asthma to other antigens and from 31 non-atopic subjects was investigated. Lymphocytes from patients with allergic asthma due to cow epithelium antigens showed a statistically significant decreased responsiveness to an extract from cow dander, compared to that seen with lymphocytes from newborn infants, lymphocytes from normal controls and from asthmatic patients without allergy to cow. The response to the cow dander extract seemed to be an accessory cell dependent T lymphocyte response.     

周围神经损伤后免疫系统变化的动物实验观察

目的 :检测周围神经损伤后免疫系统的变化。方法 :用 MTT法检测了坐骨神经损伤 1 ,2 ,5,7和 1 4d的大鼠脾细胞 NK活性及淋巴细胞转化功能 ,并用 PEG沉淀法检测了大鼠血清中循环免疫复合物 (CIC)的含量。结果 :坐骨神经损伤后 7和 1 4d大鼠脾细胞的自发转化率较对照组 (同样手术应激但无坐骨神经损伤 )略有增高 ;循环免疫复合物的含量术后 7d明显增高 ,1 4d时增加明显 ;而 NK活性则无明显变化 ,后期变化如何尚待进一步研究。结论 :周围神经损伤后 ,机体发生了免疫变化。     

残胃贲门癌切除、空肠“9”字袢代胃及幽门重建术12例

目的探讨残胃贲门癌手术切除,消化道重建的方法。方法总结1989年8月至1999年12月12例残胃贲门癌切除、空肠“9”字袢代胃及幽门重建术的治疗经验。结果无手术死亡,无倾倒综合征,无返流性食管炎。钡剂在“9”字环内有循环,下方重建凼门处有钡荆停留。全组均随访,随访时间最长4年3个月,最短4个月。其中1年内死亡2例,1～2年死亡4例,2～3年死亡2例,另4例生活良好。结论术后并发症少,有抗返流作用,利于营养支持,病人生活质量较高。     

Arthrogryposis,renal dysfunction and cholestasis syndrome: Report of five patients from three Italian families

We report on five patients from three families with neurogenic arthrogryposis, cholestasis and tubular renal dysfunction. Despite a similar clinical picture the liver histology showed a broad pathological spectrum, ranging from pigment storage to parenchymal giant cell transformation and ductopenia. The findings are compared with those of other cases from the literature in search of a correct nosology of the syndrome characterized by arthrogryposis, renal and liver disease.Conclusion We propose to consider the picture of arthrogryposis, renal tubular dysfunction and cholestasis as a single syndrome.     

A novel strategy for the isolation of defined pyrG mutants and the development of a site-specific integration system for Aspergillus awamori

A homologous gene transfer system for Aspergillus awamori for site-specific integration is described, based on two components. First, a defined A. awamori pyrG mutant strain constructed by a selection strategy for gene-replacement in fungi. Second, a vector with a homologous pyrG selection marker containing a defined mutation at a site different from that of the mutations in the pyrG gene of the defined mutant strain. Defined mutation in the A. awamori pyrG gene, isolated from a genomic library by heterologous hybridisation with the A. niger pyrG gene as a probe, were introduced by specifically altering sequences at restriction sites in the coding region of the gene. After transformation of the A. awamori wild-type strain with vectors containing these mutated pyrG genes, and selection for 5-fluoro-orotic acid resistance (5-FOA^R), on the average 60% of the 5-FOA^R colonies originated from replacement of the wild-type pyrG gene by the mutated pyrG allele. After transformation of a mutant strain, carrying a mutation near the 5 end of the pyrG gene with vectors containing a mutation near the 3 end of the pyrG gene, 35% of the resulting transformants contained one copy of the vector at the pyrG locus.     

Blastic transformation of mantle cell lymphoma: genetic evidence for a clonal link between the two stages of the tumour

AIMS: The blastic variant of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL-BV) may develop through histological transformation of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). However, the clonal link between the tumour cells of MCL and transformed MCL-BV has not been established at the genetic level. To investigate this link longitudinal molecular genetic studies have been performed in two cases of MCL that showed morphological transformation to MCL-BV. METHODS AND RESULTS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequence analyses of the complementary determining region 3 (CDR) of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain (H) gene were performed to identify clone-specific rearrangements. In both cases, nucleotide sequence analysis revealed common clone-specific IgH gene rearrangements in MCL and subsequent MCL-BV. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide genetic evidence for the common clonal origin of MCL and subsequently developed MCL-BV.     

Steady-state kinetics of imipramine in patients

Steady-state plasma level kinetics were studied in 76 patients given imipramine (IP) 150 to 225 mg/day for 2–5 weeks. IP was given in three divided doses at 8.00 a.m., 1.00 p.m. and 5.00 p.m. Plasma concentrations of IP and its active metabolite desipramine (DMI) were determined by quantitative in situ thin-layer chromatography. The plasma levels of IP and DMI showed pronounced flucutations throughout the day with a ratio of about 2 between highest and lowest level. Patients with steady-state levels of IP and/or DMI below 50 g/l reached this within 1 week of treatment. Patients with higher steady-state levels reached steady-state concentrations within 2–3 weeks. There were some intraindividual fluctuations in plasma levels from week to week after steady state had been reached (coefficient of variation: 10–20%). Interindividually, the steady-state levels corrected to a dose of 3.5 mg/kg per day varied considerably: IP: 6–356 g/l, DMI: 24–659 g/l and IP+DMI: 58–809 g/l. The steady-state plasma levels showed a skew distribution that became normal by logarithmic transformation. The IP/DMI ratio ranged from 0.07 to 5.5 with a median value of 0.47. Compared to data from amitriptyline treated patients the IP/DMI ratios had significantly lower median value and larger variation than the corresponding plasma level ratios of amitriptyline/nortriptyline. Several statistically significant differences in steady-state levels between age groups were found. For IP: Women aged 30–39 had lower levels than women aged 20–29, 40–49, and 50–59, and men aged 50–59 and 60–65; men aged 30–39 had lower levels than men aged 60–65. For DMI: Women aged 30–39 had lower levels than women aged 50–59.     

葡萄胎p53、p21~(CIP1)及p185蛋白表达与恶变的关系

目的 :探讨葡萄胎p5 3、p2 1CIP1及p185蛋白表达与恶变的关系及其临床特点。方法 :免疫组化法检测葡萄胎标本中p5 3、p2 1CIP1及p185蛋白的表达 ,以侵蚀性葡萄胎及绒癌为对照 ,并回顾性分析其临床资料。结果 :葡萄胎组p5 3、p2 1CIP1、p185蛋白阳性表达率分别为 35 % (35 / 10 0 ) ,71% (71/ 10 0 )及 36 % (36 / 10 0 ) ,与恶性对照组相比均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而完全性与部分性葡萄胎 ,完全性葡萄胎恶变组与非恶变组之间差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但恶变组p2 1CIP1表达有降低趋势。结论 :p5 3、p2 1CIP1及p185蛋白表达改变与葡萄胎恶变无确定关系 ,但可作为晚期现象出现于恶性滋养细胞肿瘤中 ,其中p2 1CIP1蛋白表达降低提示滋养细胞有向恶性转化的倾向     

鼻内翻性乳头状瘤及其癌变与p53蛋白异常表达

目的：探讨鼻内翻性乳头状瘤及其癌变与ｐ５３基因的关系。方法：采用免疫组化方法（ＡＢＣ法）对３６例鼻内翻性乳头状瘤（ＩＰ）组织和１６例鼻内翻性乳头状瘤癌变（ＩＰ＋ＳＣＣ）组织进行了ｐ５３蛋白检测。结果：３６例ＩＰ均为ｐ５３蛋白阴性，而在１６例ＩＰ＋ＳＣＣ组织中有５例为ｐ５３蛋白阳性，阳性率为３１．３％（５／１６），经统计学处理，二者差异显著（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论：ｐ５３蛋白异常表达可能与ＩＰ的发生