针药合治头痛186例临床观察

在德国采用针药配合方法治疗头痛患者１８６例。中药以搜风化痰、活血通络为主，针刺取穴为风池、百会、神庭、太阳、合谷、足三里、三阴交、太冲等，８～４周为１疗程。结果：按德国疗效标准判断，症状消失２６例，显效８７例，有效５１例，无效２２例，总有效率为８８．１７％。文中尚对疗效与病种、病程、年龄、精神、体质的关系进行了分析。     

Breast Volume Measurement in Young Chinese Women and Clinical Applications

The authors carried out research on breast volume and body surface anatomy of 125 women. As a result, an average breast volume for Chinese women was obtained (325.36 ± 12.66 ml), and a table with several linear equations for calculating breast volume was derived. The authors applied these results to their clinical work and succeeded in making mammaplasty more precise in 178 patients.     

Phase-derivative analysis in MR angiography: Reduced Venc dependency and improved vessel wall detection in laminar and disturbed flow

A problem of current MRA techniques is the inability to accurately depict the vascular anatomy, particularly in areas of disturbed flow. Various reasons, such as intravoxel phase dispersion, saturation, temporal variations, and maximum intensity projection (MIP) nonlinearity, cause a wrong delineation of vessel boundaries. A phase contrast (PC)-based postprocessing operation, the phase derivative (PhD), is introduced to detect phase fluctuations indicating flow. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional angiographic reconstruction algorithms are presented. Mathematical formulas are derived to predict the effect of sampling to flow profiles and the effect on the PhD of these profiles. Numerical, phantom, and preliminary in vivo experiments demonstrate that PhD images do not suffer from phase wraps and allow a velocity dynamic range extension only limited by a differential phase change. It is also shown that PhD MIPs produce higher signal-to-noise ratios than conventional PC angiograms and give a better impression of the anatomy of (stenotic) vessels and of their diameters for both laminar and disturbed flow.     

九十年代中国人群的膳食与营养状况

九十年代中国人群的膳食与营养状况葛可佑，翟风英，闽怀成，程列，王青，贾凤梅（中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所，北京１０００５０）人群的膳食营养状况在一定程度上可以反映一个国家的经济发展和社会文明程度。世界上大多数发达国家及若干发展中国家都在有计...     

改进虎杖、鸡血藤炮制方法的研究

对虎杖、鸡血藤作了切制、干燥时间和成品、主要成分及水浸出物的比较。结果表明,趁鲜切片优于传统切块、再切片,既能提高饮片的规格质量和成分含量,亦能减少重复劳动,节约能源,避免药材的浪费。     

In vivo comparison of two through-plane MR velocity mapping methods: Fast fourier encoding and phase mapping

Magnetic resonance imaging maps of velocity were acquired with a 1.5-T system in 10 subjects in a plane perpendicular to the main pulmonary artery. Velocity images were successively acquired with a method developed from Fourier-encoding velocity imaging (FEVI) principles with eight gradient steps and one excitation, and with two-point phase-subtraction mapping. Reconstruction in FEVI was implemented by zero-filling interpolation around the eight gradient steps and then around the four central steps. The methods were compared by using estimates of noise in velocity measurements based on the difference between the experimental map and a smooth fitted map. For the same acquisition time, FEVI with four encoding steps was more precise in velocity measurements than phase mapping. Precision was further increased by the use of eight encoding steps, but acquisition time was doubled.     

腹部CTA检查的质量保证

目的:探讨螺旋CT血管造影(Spiral CT angiography,SCTA)技术,以期提高SCTA造影的质量。材料与方法:采用Somatom Plus 4螺旋CT扫描系统对10例病人行腹部SCTA检查。扫描技术和造影剂参数按病变范围和性质而定,三维重建采用最大强度投影法(MIP)或表面阴影显示法(SSD)或弯曲平面重建法(CPR)。结果:SCTA检查技术能可靠地显示血管形态和病变,评价腹部肿瘤与邻近血管关系。结论:SCTA是无创伤性的血管成像术,在很大范围可替代创伤性的血管造影。     

一种中西药复方制剂(PESM)对大鼠实验性肾结石形成的抑制作用

用乙二醇法诱导大鼠产生草酸钙结石，用45~Ca示踪测定法了解中草药复方制剂（PESM）对草酸钙结石形成的抑制作用。结果显示，实验组肾脏放射性强度明显减少（实验组3.47±3.52cpm／mg，对照组10.89±14.24cpm／mg）。干肾重量明显下降（实验组306.0±47.0mg，对照组343.1±59.4mg），说明PESM能明显抑制肾脏草酸钙结石的形成。     

Dopamine receptor agonists alter gap prestimulus modulation

An innocuous sensory event (a prestimulus) that briefly precedes a startle-eliciting stimulus (SES) will reduce the amplitude of the subsequently elicited reflex. In three experiments brief silent periods in otherwise continuous noise (gaps) were used as prestimuli to investigate the effects of the D₁ dopamine receptor agonist (±)-SKF-38393 (SKF) and the dopamine D₂ receptor group agonist (−)-quinpirole hydrochloride on gap inhibition of the rat’s acoustic startle reflex. Gap durations of 4 and 50 ms were analyzed. Quinpirole (0–1.6 mg/kg) had a biphasic effect on gap inhibition. Lower doses increased gap inhibition, an effect that peaked at the 0.4 mg/kg dose. For higher doses, inhibition returned to control levels for the 4-ms long gap, but remained elevated for the 50-ms long gap. SKF had no effect on gap inhibition, and haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg) reversed the quinpirole-induced increase of gap inhibition. These data implicate the D₂ dopamine receptor group in gap inhibition of startle modulation. The results are discussed in terms of the effects of catecholamine agonists on attention. Received: 25 July 1995/Final version: 28 April 1997     

神效止痛膏的镇痛作用

用二甲苯所致的急性炎症模型观察了神效止痛膏的抗急性炎症作用．用扭体法、热板法观察了神效止痛膏对小鼠的镇痛作用．结果表明，神效止痛膏有很好的镇痛作用．