静脉药物配置中心的建立在临床中的应用

静脉输液药物集中配置、管理是我国医院管理的一项新举措.长期以来,临床静脉输液中的加药工作一直是由护士在治疗室独立完成,这种方式存在着很多不足之处.在这种环境污染下,职业健康安全管理越来越受到各国政府的重视.为了提高服务质量,预防和控制可能存在的环境污染及职业健康安全风险,国家颁布 GB/T24001～ 1996<环境管理体系规范和使用指南>, GB/T28001-2001<职业健康安全管理体系规范>标准,引进国外的先进管理模式,此项工作由药师和护士共同完成,以期达到合理用药减少药物的流失和浪费,科学配置、降低输液反应.静脉药物配置中心把静脉药物配置从普通环境的治疗室转为在具有洁净条件的配置中心进行集中管理配置,保证配置出来的药品安全无菌、有效.需要输液的患者在舒适、整洁和安静的环境下进行输液,减少临床护理工作量的目的,把更多的时间还给病人.这为顺利实施静脉配置中心的项目提供了保障,确保了输液中心正常运行.     

陈士铎《辨证录》辨证论治特点浅析

《辨证录》成书于清·康熙二十六年,是陈士铎现存著作中篇幅最长,于临床见证记述最全的一部书。全书在辨证论治上取古人意而不泥古人法,在辨证求因、审因论治上多有卓见。特点为:只言辨证不言辨脉;审查病机,同中求异,鉴别分明。辨证方法的选择,配伍应用有其自身特点:病种不同,侧重有别;辨证方法单独使用者少,配伍使用者多;以脏腑辨证为核心。     

复方麝香注射液联合脑血肿引流术治疗中老年高血压脑出血疗效观察及费用对比

目的:探讨复方麝香注射液联合微创手术治疗中老年高血压脑出血的临床疗效.方法:将78例接受微创治疗的患者随机分组,两组均采用内科综合治疗.手术对照组在综合治疗基础上加用微创手术进行脑血肿引流;中西医结合组在微创手术治疗后加用复方麝香注射液(10～20 ml/d)静脉滴注1周.结果:中西医结合组显效率(66.67%)、有效率(82.05%)均明显高于手术对照组(46.15%和69.23%,P均<0.05),存活患者日常生活能力也明显优于手术对照组(P<0.05),意识恢复时间明显短于手术对照组(P<0.05),并发症的发生率(15.38%)明显低于手术对照组(38.46%,P<0.01),病死率(5.13%)明显低于手术对照组(10.26%,P<0.01),平均住院天数[(18.29±4.93)d]明显少于手术对照组[(26.23±5.82)d,P<0.05],平均住院费用[(5 916.23±826.39)元]明显少于手术对照组[(8 168.35±1 021.21)元,P<0.05].结论:脑血肿引流术后加用复方麝香注射液治疗中老年高血压脑出血,可降低病死率,减少并发症,降低病残程度,提高生存患者的生活质量,缩短住院时间,降低治疗费用.     

Current trends in infant care: An Indian experience

The infant is the youngest but perhaps the most valuable member of society. It has been unequivocally established through research that the period up to two years is the most potent for forming and establishing the basis of later development. This paper summarizes the findings of two research studies on infant care in India that began in July 1988 and culminated in March 1989 under my guidance. The two studies are linked in their final implications for infant stimulation and in their role in providing insights into changing trends in infant-care in India.

In study I patterns of infant caregiving practiced by fathers were investigated. Study II looked into infant-care practices in Punjabi families where the grandmother lived with the young parents.     

苯胺衍生物掺杂的PMMA薄膜的二次非线性光学性能的稳定性研究

具有A-π-D电子结构的苯胺衍生物掺杂的玻璃态高聚物PMMA的有机薄膜经极化取向后显示很强的二次非线性光学性能,其取向弛豫是实用化的一个有待解决的重要问题。木文通过几种苯胺衍生物以不同百分比与PMMA掺杂,用紫外-可见吸收光谱、二次谐波强度测量、动态力学粘弹谱等方法进行了取向弛豫的机理研究,结果表明分子尺寸和形状以及偶极矩的大小对取向弛豫有显著影响。     

超细α-FeOOH制备过程研究 Ⅰ.制备工艺

以制备晶形、粒度、轴比等满足高性能磁粉要求的铁黄为目标,研究了碱法超细α-FeOOH合成的工艺配方和工艺条件对粒子性能的影响,包括碱比、气量、转速、Fe(OH)_2结晶条件、熟化时间等工艺参数的影响规律。重复稳定地制备出三类超微粒α-FeOOH粒子,其粒度分别为0.18、0.28、0.39μm,分布均匀,无枝叉。     

BUERGER'S DISEASE IN HONG KONG: A REVIEW OF 89 CASES

Background : A retrospective analysis of 103 case records from 1978 to 1996 with a provisional diagnosis of Buerger's disease was undertaken at the Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital. The aim of the study was to elucidate the clinical course and evaluate the results of surgical intervention of Buerger's disease in Hong Kong Chinese people. Methods : Fourteen patients were subsequently excluded from the study because of inability to fulfil our diagnostic criteria. Data on clinical presentation, investigations, indications and results of surgical intervention were reviewed. Sympathectomies and arterial reconstructions were performed on 42 and four patients, respectively, for critical ischaemia or rest pain. Outcome was analysed with respect to the rate of ulcer healing, pattern of recurrence and limb loss. Results : The patients were all young male heavy smokers with a mean age of 36.5 years. The majority of patients (80%) presented with ischaemic ulceration or gangrene. Vascular reconstruction was undertaken in four patients and satisfactory long-term results were obtained in three patients. Sympathectomy was able to relieve symptoms in 87% of operated patients and ischaemic ulceration healed in 2.6 (mean) ± 1.7 (SD) months after the operation. If the patient continued to smoke, surgical intervention did not exempt the patient from a relapse or amputation. Conclusion : Sympathectomy provides short-term pain relief and promotes ulcer healing in patients with Buerger's disease but carries no long-term benefit. Complete abstinence from smoking is the only means of arresting the progression of the disease.