复方金荞麦颗粒治疗肺癌1000例临床疗效观察

目的 总结复方金荞麦颗粒治疗肺癌的疗效。方法 对1000例各种类型的肺癌患者采用复方金荞麦颗粒5g，3次·d^-1 口服，同时辅以中药汤剂治疗，3mo为1疗程，病情稳定后逐渐减量维持。结果本组1000例患者经3mo～15a以上治疗，基本治愈181例（18．1％），显效518例（51．8％），有效204例（20．4％），无效97例（9．7％），总有效率为90．3％。结论 复方金荞麦颗粒为抗肿瘤的纯中药制剂，具有明显抑制肿瘤细胞生长、增强免疫功能、提高患者生存质量等功效，尤其是对失去手术治疗机会、不能接受化疗和放疗的肺癌患者具有较好疗效。     

中药“附归参汤”修复混合菌所致小鼠输卵管炎性狭窄的病理改变

目的观察中药“附归参汤”灌胃给药后是否可改善混合菌导致的小鼠输卵管炎性狭窄的病理改变。为临床应用“附归参汤”治疗输卵管炎所致的不孕症提供实验依据。方法昆明小鼠随机分为对照组（n=10）、模型组（n=10）、模型组＋生理盐水处理组（n=10）、模型＋“附归参汤”处理组（n=20），输卵管炎性狭窄模型采用混合菌（溶血性链球菌、大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌2：1：1）输卵管接种法制作，处理组分别胃饲生理盐水和“附归参汤”30天。应用组织学方法观察各组的病理学改变，评判各处理组病理学转归情况。结果在使用混合菌接种后，小鼠输卵管管壁结构发生改变，主要包括黏膜层水肿、上皮细胞顶端纤毛变短或消失、固有层炎性细胞浸润、毛细血管充血、管腔狭窄甚至闭塞。“附归参汤”长期给药后明显使上述病理改变向正常组织转归。结论中药“附归参汤”能够修复混合菌导致的小鼠输卵管炎性狭窄的病理改变，为临床应用该药治疗输卵管炎所致的不孕症提供了实验依据。     

MicroRNAs及其在泌尿系肿瘤的研究进展

microRNAs（miRNAs）是一类分布十分广泛的内源性非编码RNA,在动物、植物、病毒中广泛存在。miRNAs与肿瘤的发生发展预后有关,并在肿瘤的增殖、分化及调亡等方面有重要的作用。结合最近相关文献,本文就miRNAs与泌尿系肿瘤方面的进展作简要概述。     

援外针灸临床综述(二)

介绍我国援外医疗队在 3 6个国家以 17种治疗方法为主治疗 40多种病的概况。     

现代中医药发展战略思考

建国几十年来，由于党和政府的大力提倡和扶持，中医药得到了很大发展，但相对于西医的发展势头仍显不足。尤其是近10多年来，由于现代科技及现代管理学的有力推动，西医获得了突飞猛进的发展，然而，中医却由于种种原因发展相对缓慢。在这各行各业竞相发展的现代社会，中医要生存，就蓝须发展，中医要发展，就妊须总揽全局，从战略高度克服中医药发展的各种不利因素，充分发挥各方面的有利条件。     

骨外科患者拔尿管时注入药物对排尿的影响

目的探讨提高长时间留置导尿管病人拔管后2h内排尿成功率的方法。方法按入院先后随机将64例导尿的男性骨折病人分两组,单数为观察组,双数为对照组。对照组常规拔尿管,观察组拔尿管时遵医嘱注入地塞米松5mg+2%利多卡因5ml+生理盐水5ml+庆大霉素8万U,比较首次排尿的自觉症状,包括尿痛、排尿困难、排尿障碍等。结果观察组较对照组病人首次排尿出现自觉症状的例数明显减少(P<0.01),有显著性差异。结论拔尿管时注入药物安全有效,明显提高了长期置管病人拔除尿管后首次排尿的成功率,减轻了病人的痛苦,有广泛的应用价值。     

Pretreatment with Tongxinluo protects porcine myocardium from ischaemia/reperfusion injury through a nitric oxide related mechanism

Background The traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo can protect myocardium against ischaemia/reperfusion injury, but the mechanism of its action is not well documented. We examined the involvement of nitric oxide in the protective role of Tongxinluo. Methods Miniswine were randomized to four groups of seven: sham, control, Tongxinluo and Tongxinluo coadministration with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 10 mg/kg i.v.). Three hours after administration of Tongxinluo, the animals were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending coronary artery ligated and maintained in situ for 90 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion before death. Area of no reflow and necrosis and risk region were determined pathologically by planimetry. The degree of neutrophil accumulation in myocardium was obtained by measuring myeloperoxidase activity and histological analysis. Myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and vascular endothelial cadherin content were measured by colorimetric method and immunoblotting analysis respectively.Results Tongxinluo significantly increased the local blood flow and limited the infarct and size of no reflow. Tongxinluo also attenuated myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil accumulation in histological sections and maintained the level of vascular endothelial cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in the reflow region when compared with control group. The protection of Tongxinluo was counteracted by coadministration with L-NNA. Conclusions Tongxinluo may limit myocardial ischaemia and protect the heart against reperfusion injury. Tongxinluo regulates synthesis of nitric oxide by altering activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.     

Characteristics of Acute Asthma Patients Attended Frequently Compared with Those Attended Only Occasionally in an Emergency Department

Asthma patients that depend on emergency department (ED) services are generally considered to have extremely poor disease control and prognosis. It is important to identify characteristics related to poor disease control and frequent visits to the ED to apply appropriate clinical management. This study comprised a cross-sectional survey of consecutive patients with asthma exacerbation (age ≥12 years) presenting at the adult ED of a large, tertiary care, university-affiliated hospital over a 2-month period. The frequent visitors (FV) were defined by ≥3 visits to the ED in the preceding year, and the occasional visitors (OV) by ≤2 visits. Eighty-six patients (61 females and 25 males) were included in the study (mean age 38 ± 18 years). Of these patients, 51.2% were FV and 48.8% were OV. Sixty-nine percent had annual income lower than A$3000 and 66.3% had ≤8 years of the formal education. Only 18.6% had used inhaled corticosteroids, 79.1% identified the asthma attack severity, 70.9% increased or initiated inhaled β-agonist, 20.9% increased or initiated steroid therapy, and 55.8% had an asthma action plan for attack. The number of hospital admissions in past year (OR 4.3, P = .02), use of home nebulizer (OR 3.6, P = .05) and the lack of a written asthma action plan (OR 3.3, P = .03) were independently associated with frequent visits to the ED. We conclude that a substantial proportion of the patients that visit the ED are FV. These patients are more likely to have hospital admission in the past year, to use a home nebulizer, and to lack a written asthma action plan. They should be considered the most important target for asthma education.     

溃疡散预防消化性溃疡复发临床观察

目的 :观察溃疡散对消化性溃疡的抗复发治疗的临床效果。方法 :随机将 80例患者分成溃疡散治疗组 (4 2例 )和雷尼替丁对照组 (38例 )并同时观察两组患者治疗前后溃疡复发情况。结果 :治疗后治疗组溃疡复发率明显低于对照组 ,P <0 .0 1,两组对比有非常显著性差异。结论 :治疗组能明显的改善患者临床症状和降低消化性溃疡复发率。