血清TPS浓度在消化道肿瘤中价值的研究

共选择３０例消化道肿瘤病人，其中食管癌，胃癌，大肠癌各１０例，设健康献血者３０例，对两组血清特异型组织多肽抗原浓度进行了检测，结果肿瘤组血清ＴＰＳ浓度明显高于健康人。消化道肿瘤阳性检出经达７０％，其中食管癌８０％，胃癌６０％，大肠癌７０％。消化道肿瘤合并淋巴转移阳性检出率达７６．９％，其中食管癌１００％，胃癌６６．７％，大肠癌７０．０％。随着病程发展，血清ＴＰＳ浓度呈现升高趋势。     

傅立叶变换红外光谱用于不同状态胆囊组织的初步研究

目的:探索正常、炎性和癌变胆囊组织各自特异的傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表现。方法:应用FT-IR对7例正常胆囊组织、7例炎性胆囊组织和2例胆囊癌组织标本进行检测,总结与组织状态相关的光谱特征。结果:胆囊正常、炎性和癌组织具有不同的FT-IR光谱表现,1550cm~(-1)处的酰Ⅱ带在癌组织中表现较弱,峰形低平,而在正常组织中则较强,峰形高尖。相叶强度Ⅰ1550与Ⅰ1647的比值在7例正常组织中为0.33,0.48.0.54,0.38,0.41,0.52,0.45,炎性组织中为0.32,0.27,0.34,0.25,0.33,0.28,0.29,2例癌组织分别为0.25和0.28;Ⅰ1080与Ⅰ1550的比值在正常组织中为0.059,0.042,0.077,0.085,0.092,0.100,0.081,炎性组织中为0.046,0.040,0.053,0.053,0.048,0.078,0.100,2例癌组织中为0.110和0.170。正常组织中1453cm~(-1)处的峰值高于1402cm~(-1)处,而在癌组织中则相反。结论:胆囊正常、炎性和癌组织的FT-IR表现不同,FT-IR有望成为胆道疾病临床诊断的一种新手段。     

Transfer of clonidine and dexmedetomidine across the isolated perfused human placenta

Background: The placental transfer of the a₂ receptor agonist clonidine, earlier used as an adjuvant in obstetric epidural analgesia, was compared with the transfer of the newer and more %-selective agonist dexmedetomidine.
Methods: Term placentas were obtained immediately after delivery with maternal consent and a 2-hour recycling perfusion of a single placental cotyledon was performed. Disappearance from the maternal circulation, accumulation in placental tissue and appearance in the fetal circulation of clonidine or dexmedetomidine with the reference compound antipyrine were followed in 4 experiments for both drugs.
Results: At 2 hours the percent dexmedetomidine found in the fetal circulation was 12.5 (SD 5.1)%, while 48.1 (SD 20.3)% was found in the perfused placental cotyledon. A higher mean clonidine than dexmedetomidine concentration was achieved in the fetal circulation (1.90 vs. 0.56 nmol/l, P <0.05). At 2 hours the percent clonidine found in the fetal circulation was 22.1 (SD 2.4)% ( P <0.05), while 11.3 (SD 3.3)% ( P <0.05) was re tained in the perfused placental cotyledon. The transfer indexes, describing maternal-to-fetal transfer of dexmedetomidine and clonidine normalized with the transfer of antipyrine, were 0.88 (SD 0.07) and 1.04 (SD 0.08) respectively ( P <0.05).
Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine disappeared faster than clonidine from the maternal circulation, while even less dexmedetomidine was transported into the fetal circulation. This was due to its greater placental tissue retention, the basis for which probably is the higher lipophilicity of dexmedetomidine.     

Effects of food restriction and refeeding on adipocyte glucose metabolism in Zucker rats

Chronic food restriction has been shown to enhance glucose metabolism in adipocytes from lean Zucker rats at 10, 26, and 52 weeks of age compared to ad libitum-fed lean rats. Only adipocytes from food restricted 10-week-old obese rats demonstrated this response. In this study, lean and obese rats were food restricted from 5 until 14 weeks of age to determine the age at which adipocytes from obese rats were no longer affected by this intervention. Effects of 1 week of refeeding were also determined. When the rats were killed, body weights were highest in control rats followed by restricted/refed and then restricted rats within each genotype. Epididymal pad weights of lean rats were resistant to dietary intervention, while those of obese-restricted and obese-restricted/refed rats weighed less than pads of obese-control rats. Retroperitoneal pad weight was lowered by food restriction in both genotypes; but only that of lean-restricted/refed rats totally recovered with refeeding. Adipocytes of lean-restricted rats had the highest conversion of glucose to CO₂. Glyceride-glycerol production was higher in obese compared to lean rats, but restricted rats had elevated conversion of glucose to fatty acids. In general, these results indicate that by 14 weeks of age obese Zucker rats no longer respond to food restriction with an elevated rate of glucose metabolism in adipocytes.     

Urine as an alternative to urethral swabs for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in infertile males

Swabbing the urethrae of men has been the traditional approach for collecting specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis . Recently, however, urine testing using enzyme immunoassay has yielded promising results. A total of 105 patients attending the Andrology Clinic at Ga Rankuwa Hospital, Medunsa were included in the study. These patients were asymptomatic and had no urethral discharge. Three endo-urethral swabs and first-catch urine were collected fiom each patient. The urethral swabs were used for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (IDEIA 111), tissue culture and direct immonufluorescent antibody (DFA) test (IMAGEN) to detect C. trachomatis . In addition about 15–30 ml of first-catch urine, or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition, was collected for each patient for EIA testing. Fifteen (14.3%) of 105 patients were positive on urethral swab EIA, in comparison with the DFA test in which 14 (13.3%) were positive. Eight (7.8%) were positive in tissue culture. Urine EIA was positive in 17 (16.2%) patients, of whom five (4.8%) were positive in urine EIA only. All EIA positive urines were confirmed by DFA. We recommend that first-catch urine or urine collected at least 2h after the previous micturition in infertile males may be considered a suitable alternative to urethral swab for chlamydial diagnosis because it is noninvasive and nontraumatic.     

人体膀胱移行上皮癌细胞系(TSB-90,TSB-91)的建立及其生物学特性

从1例膀胱癌患者的癌组织培养中，分离得到2个不同生长特性的悬浮生长型细胞系，定名为TSB-90和TSB-91。在培养过程中，对其生物学特性进行了细胞和亚细胞水平的探讨，并进行了核型分析。发现2个细胞系核型的演化趋势有明显差异，生物学特性也不尽相同。这可能与膀胱癌组织中细胞的遗传异质性和分化程度有关。对其机制和细节有待进一步深入研究。     

运用组织芯片技术检测COX-2在结直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨结直肠癌组织中COX-2的表达及其与各临床病理因素的关系，评价COX-2在结直肠癌预后判断中的价值。方法 应用组织芯片技术结合免疫组织化学SABC法，检测126例早中期结直肠癌组织中COX-2的表达情况，回顾性分析COX-2与各临床病理因素及预后之间的关系。结果 根据免疫组化染色强度，所有病例被分为COX-2高表达组和低表达组，其中高表达组有32例（25．4％），低表达组有94例（74．6％）。COX-2在结直肠癌中表达情况与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、组织学类型、浸润深度、淋巴是否转移、Dukes分期均无相关。然而，高表达的COX-2与肿瘤复发、特别是血行转移显著相关（P〈0．05）。两组之间生存率具有显著差异（P=0．0067），COX-2高表达组术后五年生存率显著低于低表达组。多因素回归模型分析结果显示．在潜在的预后因素中（年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、组织学类型、淋巴是否转移、Dukes分期、COX-2表达），COX-2表达和Dukes分期可作为是结直肠癌根治术后独立预后因素，COX-2的检测可作为结直肠癌患者预后判断的一个有价值的指标。结论 高表达的COX-2与肿瘤复发、特别是血行转移显著相关，COX-2的检测町作为结直肠癌患者琐后判断的一个有价值的指标：应用组织芯片高效检测临床组织样本具有快速、方便、经济、准确的优点。     

人体蠕形螨感染的皮肤组织病理学观察

目的:观察人体蠕形螨感染所致皮肤组织病理学改变。方法:收集7例面部皮肤标本经HE染色后在显微镜下观察。结果:在患者面部皮损处扩大的毛囊和增生的皮脂腺中检查出大量蠕形螨成虫、若虫和虫卵。人体毛囊蠕形螨多寄生于毛囊的根部或毛囊周围组织内,被寄生的毛囊均有不同程度的扩张,虫体周围常可见淋巴细胞为主的慢性炎症细胞浸润,毛根角质化较常见。人体皮脂蠕形螨寄生部位为皮脂腺体及导管部,可见腺细胞增生而失去正常结构,但较少有炎症细胞浸润,导管部有轻度扩张。结论:人体蠕形螨寄生与皮肤组织病理学改变有密切关系。     

肝纤维化组织中MMP1、TIMP1的表达及其临床意义

目的 :检测肝纤维化组织中基质金属蛋白酶 1 (MMP1 )、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子 1 (TIMP1 )的表达 ,为肝纤维化的诊治提供重要的分子生物学指标。 方法 :采用链霉菌抗生物蛋白 -过氧化酶联接法 (S- P法 )检测70例肝纤维化组织中 MMP1 、TIMP1 的表达。结果:(1) TIMP1 蛋白阳性表达随肝纤维化程度的加重而增强 ,并且呈正相关关系 (r=0 .92 74 ,P <0 .0 1)。 (2 ) MMP1 蛋白阳性表达随肝纤维化程度的加重无明显变化 ,无相关关系(r =0 .2 181,P >0 .0 5 )。 结论:TIMP1 与肝纤维化的发生、发展密切相关 ,随纤维化发生、发展阳性表达增强。从分子水平对肝纤维化、肝硬化病变进行评估 ,为早期诊治肝纤维化和判断预后提供依据。