中药注射液为主治疗中风中脏腑的前瞻性观察

临床以中风中脏腑不适合手术的患者为研究对象,21例患者随机分为刺五加、丹参注射液为主的治疗组与单纯西药治疗的对照组,进行前瞻性观察。结果表明治疗组优于对照组,治疗组9例全部有效。     

Validation of acoustic rhinometry by using the Cavalieri principle to estimate nasal cavity volume in cadavers

The ability of acoustic rhinometry to provide valid estimates of nasal cavity volume has been tested using cadaveric heads. Values obtained for the cavities in five intact heads were compared with unbiased estimates of the volumes of the same specimens. An unbiased estimate is one which does not depart in a systematic manner from the true value. Here, unbiased estimates were made by applying the Cavalieri principle to uniform random samples of 4–7 macroscopic slices per specimen. Using acoustic rhinometry, the mean volume (left and right sides combined) amounted to 31.3 ml with a co-efficient of variation of 77%. On the same specimens, the Cavalieri estimate of mean volume (both cavities plus the adjacent nasopharynx) was 31.1 ml (66%). There was a significant and positive correlation between the two data sets (correlation co-efficient 0.97). Repeated acoustic measurements on the same cavities gave a measuring error of about 4%. We conclude that acoustic rhinometry can provide valid and efficient estimates of the volume of the nasal cavity plus nasopharynx.     

P21-dependent g(1)arrest with downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of cyclin E by the histone deacetylase inhibitor FR901228

Depsipeptide, FR901228, a novel cyclic peptide inhibitor of histone deacetylase with a unique cytotoxicity profile is currently in phase I clinical trials. Here we demonstrate that, in addition to G2/M arrest, FR901228 causes G1 arrest with Rb hypophosphorylation. In vitro kinase assays demonstrated no direct inhibition of CDK activity, however, an inhibition was observed in CDKs extracted from cells exposed to FR901228. Cyclin D1 protein disappeared between 6 and 12 hours after treatment with FR901228, whereas cyclin E was upregulated. While it did not induce wt p53, FR901228 did induce p21(WAF1/CIP1)in a p53-independent manner. Cell clones lacking p21 were not arrested in G1 phase, but continued DNA synthesis and were arrested in G2/M phase following FR901228 treatment. Finally, FR901228 blunted ERK-2/MAPK activation by EGF whereas early signal transduction events remained intact since overall cellular tyrosine phosphorylation after EGF stimulation was unaffected. Thus, FR901228, while not directly inhibiting kinase activity, causes cyclin D1 downregulation and a p53-independent p21 induction, leading to inhibition of CDK and dephosphorylation of Rb resulting in growth arrest in the early G1 phase. In contrast to the G1 arrest, the G2/M arrest is p21-independent, but is associated with significant cytotoxicity.     

甲泼尼龙冲击疗法治疗杰杨-巴勒综合征

杰杨-巴勒综合征患者23例(男14,女9;平均年龄24±19a;病程9±12mo,)用甲泼尼龙冲击疗法治疗。甲泼尼龙1g或20mg/(kg·d)溶于5％葡萄糖溶液500mL中静滴,qd×3d,1mo后根据病情重复第2、3疗程,冲击间歇期口服泼尼松20-40mg/d维持。结果12例(52％)痊愈,9例(39％)显效,2例无效。值得临床试用。     

肝癌经肝动脉化疗栓塞及门静脉持续灌注化疗的临床研究

目的　将经肝动脉化疗栓塞 (TACE)和经门静脉植入化疗药盒持续灌注化疗药 (VPC) 2种方法结合 ,观察原发性肝癌(HCC)经肝动脉化疗栓塞和经门静脉植入化疗药盒持续灌注化疗药的疗效。方法　对照组 83例中晚期患者 ,用表柔比星 (EPI) 40mg和顺铂 (CDDP) 80mg与碘化油配制成碘油———化疗药物乳化剂 ,经导管向肝癌供血动脉注入 ,后用明胶海绵 (GS)颗粒栓塞该动脉。治疗组 5 9例中晚期HCC患者 ,用上述方法治疗后 ,再经皮下埋置式药盒经门静脉定期灌注化疗药。结果　对照组与治疗组有效率 (完全缓解 部分缓解 )分别为 45 .8%和 61.0 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,2组治疗后Ⅱ期手术切除率分别为 3 .6%和 11.9% (P <0 .0 5 )。对照组 1年、2年、3年生存率分别为 69.9%、60 .2 %和 2 0 .5 % ;治疗组分别为 96.6%、67.8%和 42 .4% (P <0 .0 5 )。并发症差异无显著性意义。结论　经肝动脉化疗栓塞和经门静脉植入化疗药盒持续灌注化疗药是治疗原发性肝癌的较好方法 ,能提高疗效     

颅内动脉瘤手术与介入治疗效果比较

①目的 比较手术与介入治疗颅内动脉瘤的效果。②方法 对165例（181个）动脉瘤分别采用手术与介入治疗的效果进行分析。手术治疗123例（手术组）132个动脉瘤，其中多发性动脉瘤9例。介入治疗42例（栓塞组）49个动脉瘤，其中多发性动脉瘤7例。③结果 手术组瘤颈夹闭动脉瘤126个，其中夹闭加切除16个；动脉瘤加固6个；治愈110例（89.4%)，有后遗症者8例（6.5%)，死亡5例(4.0%)，栓塞组动脉瘤完全闭塞38个（77.6%)，栓塞90%以上的6个（12.2%)，栓塞70%-90%的3个，2例多发性病人各栓塞了1个，其中1个栓塞不成功而行手术治疗，治愈37例（88.1%），有后遗症者2例（4.7%)，死亡3例（7.1%)。④结论 显微技术瘤颈夹闭术效果肯定，被公认为是目前最好的治疗方法之一。血管内介入治疗达到了近似开颅手术的治疗效果。尤其是手术处理困难的宽颈动脉瘤，巨大动脉瘤及多发性动脉瘤，栓塞治疗效果满意。破裂动脉瘤均应急症手术或栓塞治疗。     

葛根素治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床观察

目的 了解葛根素对不稳定型心绞痛的疗效。方法 将60例不稳定型心绞痛患随机分为对照组和观察组。对照组给予川芎嗪治疗，观察组给予葛根素治疗，疗程为3周，观察葛根素对心绞痛患症状(发作的次数和时间)、心电图的改变。结果 观察组总有效率为90％，优于对照组。于治疗前相比较临床上心绞痛发作的次数和时间减少，心电图S-T、T波有改善。结论 葛根素是治疗不稳定型心绞痛的有效药物。