Sacubitril/Valsartan for heart failure: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Sacubitril–valsartan has been shown to have superior effects over angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the effects of sacubitril–valsartan have never been systematically evaluated. Therefore, we performed a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacubitril–valsartan in patients with HF.Methods:We selected 8 databases, including PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Science Journal Database, Wanfang Data, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. The search time was from database establishment to March 2022. Two reviewers will screen the records and include quality studies according to inclusion criteria independently. Two reviewers will assess the risk of bias of the included studies by the “Risk of Bias Assessment Tool” of the Cochrane Handbook for randomized controlled trials. Statistical analysis will be performed with Review Manager software 5.3.Results:A synthesis of current evidence of sacubitril–valsartan for treating HF will be provided in this protocol.Conclusion:The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of sacubitril–valsartan to treat HF.     

Prevalence and related factors of child posttraumatic stress disorder during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted many aspects of society and has indirectly produced various psychological consequences. This systematic review aimed to estimate the worldwide prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to identify protective or risk factors contributing to child PTSD.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in the PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, WanFang, CNKI, and VIP databases. We searched for studies published between January 1, 2020 and May 26, 2021, that reported the prevalence of child PTSD due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as factors contributing to child PTSD. Eighteen studies were included in our systematic review, of which 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of child PTSD after the COVID-19 outbreak was 28.15% (95% CI: 19.46–36.84%, I ² = 99.7%). In subgroup analyses for specific regions the estimated prevalence of post-pandemic child PTSD was 19.61% (95% CI: 11.23–27.98%) in China, 50.8% (95% CI: 34.12–67.49%) in the USA, and 50.08% in Italy (95% CI: 47.32–52.84%).ConclusionsFactors contributing to child PTSD were categorized into four aspects: personal factors, family factors, social factors and infectious diseases related factors. Based on this, we presented a new framework summarizing the occurrence and influence of the COVID-19 related child PTSD, which may contribute to a better understanding, prevention and development of interventions for child PTSD in forthcoming pandemics.     

11C-胆碱PET在肺癌诊断与分期中的应用

目的探讨11C-胆碱PET在肺癌诊断方面的灵敏度、特异度、准确度,以及在肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移灶检测方面的应用价值。方法54例临床拟诊为肺癌的患者,经CT检查见肺部阴影,行11C-胆碱PET扫描,手术切除的标本经病理学检查,对照CT、11C-胆碱PET及病理学在肺部阴影病灶的诊断方面的结果。结果对肺癌原发灶探测,11C-胆碱PET显像总体灵敏度为77.27%,特异度为70.00%,准确度为75.93%,如除外肺泡癌则灵敏度为91.43%,特异度为70.00%,准确度为86.67%。在纵隔淋巴结转移检测方面,11C-胆碱PET的灵敏度、特异度及准确度分别为87.50%、91.43%、95.20%。从淋巴结分组情况来看,CT检查的灵敏度为47.37%（18/38）,11C-胆碱PET显像灵敏度为86.84%（33/38）。结论11C-胆碱PET显像在肺癌（肺泡癌除外）诊断以及在纵隔淋巴结转移灶检测方面有很高的价值,与CT相比有较高的灵敏度,优越性显著,是肺癌临床分期的良好参照。     

Diagnostic significance of long non-coding RNAs expression in tuberculosis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives:It is crucial to identify effective diagnostic biosignatures of tuberculosis (TB) to optimize its treatment. Herein, we conducted a systematic review to elucidate the diagnostic efficacy of long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) as TB biomarkers.Methods:We searched Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc databases up to February 18, 2020. These studies focusing on lncRNAs as diagnosis markers of TB were collected. STATA 12.0 and Meta-disc1.4 software were used to analyze the data extracted from eligible studies.Results:We included 8 articles with 1058 TB patients, and 1896 healthy controls in our study. The values of pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.63, 0.86, 4.48, 0.43, and 10.31, respectively. Additionally, we plotted the summary receiver operating characteristic curve to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, and the area under the curve was 0.80.Conclusion:The present study is the first meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of lncRNAs in TB patients. We found that lncRNAs might constitute potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of TB patients. More population-based high-quality research should be conducted to validate the efficacy lncRNAs in TB patients.     

磁共振全身扩散加权成像对肺癌的临床分期和疗效评估价值

目的：探讨磁共振全身扩散加权成像（ DWI）在肺癌的临床分期及疗效评估中的价值。方法对该院2012年1月至2014年1月收治的68例经病理组织学确诊的肺癌患者采用DWI检查,比较不同肺癌病理类型、分化程度、不同的T分期及N分期患者的表观扩散系数（ ADC）值差异;并对肺癌患者采用吉西他滨联合顺铂进行化疗,并比较治疗前1周和治疗后3个月所有肺癌患者的ADC值变化情况。结果不同组织学类型的肺癌ADC值之间存在显著的统计学差异（P＜0．05）,三组间两两比较差异也具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,腺癌ADC值（1．338±0．246）×10－3 mm2· S－1明显高于鳞癌和小细胞癌。不同分化程度的肺癌ADC值差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,高分化组肺癌ADC值明显高于中分化、低分化组,中分化组和低分化组差异不具有统计学意义（P＞0．05）。肺癌不同T分期患者的ADC值差异具有显著统计学意义（P＜0．05）,组间两两比较仅T1分期ADC值明显高于其它分期且具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。肺癌不同N分期患者的ADC值差异具有显著统计学意义（P＜0．05）,组间两两比较仅N3分期ADC值明显低于于其他分期且具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。治疗有效组的ADC值明显升高且差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;治疗3个月后两组ADC值差异显著,有效组的ADC为（1．464±0．317）×10－3mm2· S－1明显高于无效组的（1．315±0．284）×10－3mm2· S－1且差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论 DWI在肺癌的诊断及病理类型、分期中具有一定的临床价值,对治疗效果能够进行有效的临床评价。     

百令胶囊治疗早期糖尿病肾病的系统评价

目的系统评价百令胶囊治疗早期糖尿病肾病（DN）的有效性和安全性。方法采用Cochrane系统评价方法,计算机检索MED-LINE,VIP,CNKI,万方数据库和PubMed数据库。按纳入和排除标准由2名评价者独立选择试验、提取资料、交叉核对并进行方法学质量评估,采用RevMan5．0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入16个研究,包括1035例患者。Meta分析结果显示,尿微量白蛋白排泄率（UAER）[WMD=-25．49,95％CI（-33．42,-18．47）,P〈0．00001]．24h尿蛋白定量[WMD=-0．07,95％c,（-0．12,-0．03）,P=0．001]、C反应蛋白（CRP）[WMD=-1．29,95％CI（-1．72,-0．86）,P〈0．00001],白令胶囊治疗组均优于常规治疗组;仅有7个研究提及百令胶囊治疗期间有无不良反应或毒副作用,均未见严重不良反应事件。结论系统评价结果初步显示,百令胶囊可以降低早期糖尿病肾病患者的UAER、24h尿蛋白定量、CRP相对安全,值得临床推广。     

中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎疗效的系统评价

目的评价中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。方法应用国际Cochrane协作网系统评价方法，对中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统评价。计算机检索（1995～2005年）EMBASE、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊网等。手工检索发表与未发表的文献，纳入中药与传统西药治疗措施相比较的随机对照试验，统计学处理采用Cochrane协作网的Rev Man 4.2软件。结果共纳入23个RCT试验。短期结果显示中药灌肠组比对照组的疗效好，8个RCT结果显示中药灌肠组有效率（92.8%）高于口服柳氮磺吡啶组（89.9%），3个RCT结果显示中药灌肠组有效率（93.1%）高于庆大霉素加皮质激素灌肠组（71.6%），4个RCT结果显示中药灌肠组有效率（94.2%）高于柳氮磺吡啶加皮质激素组（74.9%）。中药灌肠治疗未发现明显不良反应。结论该研究所纳入试验的方法学质量均较低，虽显示中药灌肠疗法在改善溃疡性结肠炎近期临床疗效指标方面优于常规西药疗法，但因无评价远期疗效的试验，尚不能对其疗效得出可靠的结论。     

基于分离信息量指数评价的系统指纹定量法鉴别六味地黄丸质量

目的建立色谱指纹图谱分离信息量指数理论,用分离信息量相关指数评价六味地黄丸（Liuweidihuang Pill,LWDHP）HPLC指纹图谱试验条件和结果,并结合系统指纹定量法鉴别其整体质量。方法采用RP-HPLC法,色谱柱为Century SIL C18BDS柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）,以1％HAc溶液和1％HAc-甲醇溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,紫外检测波长265nm,柱温（30．00±0．15）℃,进样量10μL。用RI、RIr、RJm）和RI啪）来评价试验条件和13批LWDHPs的HPI。C指纹图谱;以宏定性相似度S。和宏定量相似度Pm为参量对13批LWDHPs进行聚类分析,确定用其中10批生成对照指纹图谱（RFP）,用系统指纹定量法鉴别13批LwDHPs的质量。结果以5-羟甲基糠醛为参照物峰,确定21个共有指纹峰,建立了LWDHP的HPLC指纹图谱。RJ、Rb、RJr（t）和RIz（q）,评价结果表明9批LwDHPs指纹图谱的指纹分离度、信息量、信号以及均化性低于RFP,4批高于RFP。系统指纹定量法鉴别出7批质量合格,6批含量明显偏低。结论所建立的分离信息量指数能够指导实验条件的优化和一定程度地评价LWDHP的HPLC指纹图谱,结合系统指纹定量法可有效鉴别和控制LWDHP的质量。