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101.
102.
目的 探讨45岁以上乳腺癌患者生存状况.方法 对1992年至2000年间收治的30例45岁以上的乳腺癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,1992~1996年组(A组)17例及1996~2000年组(B组)13例,探讨生存率改善的有关临床因素.结果 A、B两组患者的生存率分别为(64.7±3.8)%和(69.2±2.5)%,有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 年龄是乳腺癌的一个独立预后变量,但乳腺癌的临床分期、淋巴结转移、病理类型、手术方式对乳腺癌患者的生存状况的影响不容忽视.  相似文献   
103.
The use of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors has recently been approved in China. As a consequence, the identification of relevant prognostic markers that can assess the efficacy of these compounds is required. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the incidence of thyroid dysfunction and its ability to predict progression-free survival (PFS) in Chinese patients with cancer who received PD-1 inhibitor treatment. Data from 72 patients with cancer who received treatment with PD-1 inhibitors alone or in combination with chemotherapy or targeted drugs were analyzed. Moreover, the expression levels of free triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyrotropin during treatment were assessed to evaluate thyroid dysfunction. A total of 26 (36.1%) patients who had received PD-1 inhibitors developed thyroid dysfunction. Specifically, the incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 35.6% in patients with lung cancer, 25.0% in patients with malignant melanoma, and 46.7% in patients with other types of cancer. In addition, the median PFS was 7.0 (95% confidence interval, 4.9-9.1) months, whereas the 1- and 2-year PFS rates were 35.1 and 26.2%, respectively. Generally, patients with thyroid dysfunction exhibited longer PFS compared with those without thyroid dysfunction (P=0.001). Subgroup analyses were subsequently performed, which demonstrated that thyroid dysfunction was associated with longer PFS in patients with malignant melanoma (P=0.039) and other types of cancer (P=0.002), but not in those with lung cancer (P=0.083). These findings were noted in patients who received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (P=0.003), but not PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy (P=0.172) or PD-1 inhibitor plus targeted therapy (P=0.582). Finally, thyroid dysfunction [P=0.001; hazard ratio (HR)=0.260] and PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (P=0.015; HR=2.231) were identified as independent factors that could predict PFS. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that thyroid dysfunction during PD-1 inhibitor treatment could be used as a potential marker for the prognosis of favorable PFS in patients with cancer.  相似文献   
104.
Introduction:Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare disease, accounting for approximately 1.4% of all melanomas and only 0.03% of all new cancer diagnoses. Traditionally, it has been associated with a poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate of <25%. Progress in treatment has been hindered by its rarity and lack of evidence. However, studies on the treatment of subcutaneous melanoma with immunotherapy have demonstrated significant improvement in survival rates and have become a core part of oncological strategies. This paper discusses the revision of the evidence for the use of immunotherapy in the head and neck.Methods:This systematic review was conducted on January 19, 2019. The Medline and Embase databases were searched. In total, 509 articles were collated and screened. Inclusion criteria for the study included treatment-naive cohorts, cohorts with recurrent disease, primary outcomes with overall survival and disease-free survival at 5 years and at the longest follow-up, and studies of adults with MM in whom immunotherapy was reported as a treatment strategy. The exclusion criteria included duplicate papers, anatomical sites other than the head and neck, case reports, and those not published in English.Results:Fifty-two papers out of the 509 collated papers met the inclusion criteria. The results are shown as a comparison of yearly survival rates following different treatment modalities (immunotherapy vs nonimmunotherapy) at 2, 3, and 5 years. It was found that, with immunotherapy, survival rates at all intervals were higher than those without immunotherapy.Discussion:Immunotherapy outcomes in small studies have shown good data for increasing survival rates at yearly intervals in MM of the head and neck. Larger clinical trials are needed to accurately distinguish the efficacy and survival outcomes of immunotherapy when compared with treatment modalities, excluding immunotherapy. However, the ability to perform larger trials is limited by the rarity of MM of the head and neck.  相似文献   
105.
目的 探讨硬膜外腔阻滞复合全麻与肋间神经阻滞复合全麻对开胸手术患者早期恢复质量的影响。方法 选取行开胸手术患者76例,按随机数表法分为两组,硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组(E组)、肋间神经阻滞复合全麻组(C组),每组38例。E组行硬膜外穿刺置管,术中0.2%罗哌卡因维持;C组行切口及上下肋间神经阻滞,两组全麻诱导及维持一致。采用术后恢复质量量表(quality of recovery QoR-40)对患者进行术前1d、术后3d恢复质量评分;采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale, VAS)对两组患者进行拔管后4 h、8 h、12 h、24 h安静和活动后的VAS评分;同时记录患者首次下床活动时间及住院时间。结果 E组在术后3dQoR-40各项评分均高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);E组静息和运动状态下术后各时间点VAS评分均低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);E组首次下床活动时间较早,住院时间较C组减少,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 硬膜外阻滞复合全身麻醉用于开胸手术患者,不仅镇痛效果良好,还能明显提高术后早期恢复质量,...  相似文献   
106.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of hand–foot syndrome (HFS) and fatigue on disease progression and survival in patients treated with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib in our hospital from 1 October 2018 to 31 October 2021 was performed, and clinical and pathological data and follow-up results were obtained. Patients were divided into groups according to the severity of HFS and fatigue. Survival analysis among the groups was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method, continuous variables were analyzed using the t-test, and factors associated with survival were evaluated using multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsThe study included 150 men and 23 women with a mean age of 60.77 years (range: 40–85 years). The median overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and time to tumor progression (TTP) increased with increasing severity of HFS. Conversely, the median OS, PFS, and TTP decreased with increasing severity of fatigueConclusionHFS and fatigue were independent risk factors affecting TTP, PFS, and OS among patients treated with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.  相似文献   
107.
慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期98例糖代谢异常分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨慢性肺源性心脏病(肺心病)急性加重期糖代谢异常变化及其原因。方法:选择无糖尿病病史的肺心病急性加重期患者98例进行糖耐量试验(OGTT),并同健康对照组相比较。结果:肺心病患者血糖峰值为(8.46±0.61)mmol/L,显著高于对照组(7.59±0.50)mmol/L(P<0.01);平均高峰时间为(0.60±0.18)小时,而对照组为(0.75±0.24)小时,2组差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:肺心病患者糖代谢异常,可能与胰岛素分泌不足和胰岛素灭活障碍有关。  相似文献   
108.
目的总结分析新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)发病的相关因素及临床特征。方法对79例临床诊断为HIE新生儿的发病相关因素、CT表现等进行分析。结果羊水污染占56%,胎膜早破占42%,脐带绕颈占39%,妊高征占30%,母贫血占13%,其中存在两种因素占30%。全部病例中CT检查76例有异常表现,阳性率96%,合并蛛网膜下腔出血占61%,合并脑室出血占15%,脑室内出血羊水Ⅲ度污染占58%,重度窒息占67%,分析颅内出血的发病因素,其中有两种异常因素占50%。早产儿有71%存在脑室内出血。结论羊水污染是HIE发生的首要因素,脑室出血与羊水Ⅲ度污染及重度窒息关系密切,早产儿易合并脑室出血。要加强围产期预防,对产科异常因素,临床有症状的新生儿,颅脑CT应作为常规检查手段。  相似文献   
109.
Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESOur goal was to report our midterm results using imaging-assisted modalities with robotic segmentectomies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODSThis was a retrospective study of all robotic segmentectomies, with confirmed NSCLC, performed at our general and thoracic surgery unit in the Rouen University Hospital (France), from January 2012 through December 2019. Benign and metastatic lesions were excluded. Data were extracted from the EPITHOR French nationwide database.RESULTSA total of 121 robotic segmentectomies were performed for 118 patients with a median age of 65 (interquartile range: 60, 69) years. The majority had clinical stage T1aN0M0 (71.9%) or T1bN0M0 (13.2%). The mean (standard deviation) number of resected segments was 1.93 (1.09) with 80.2% imaging-assisted segmentectomies. Oriented (according to tumour location) or systematic lymphadenectomy or sampling was performed for 72.7%, 23.1% and 4.1% of patients. The postoperative course was uneventful for 94 patients (77.7%), whereas 34 complications occurred for 27 patients (22.3%), including 2 patients (1.7%) with Clavien-Dindo ≥III complications. The mean thoracic drainage duration was 4.12 days, and the median hospital stay was 4 days (interquartile range: 3, 5) after the operation. The 2-year survival rate was 93.9% (95% confidence interval: 86.4–97.8%). Excluding stage IV (n = 3) and stage 0 tumours (n = 6), the 2-year survival rate was 95.7% (95% confidence interval: 88.4–98.8%) compared to an expected survival rate of 94.0% according to stage-specific survival rates found in a large external reference cohort.CONCLUSIONSImaging-guided robotic-assisted thoracic surgery segmentectomy seems to be useful and oncological with good midterm results, especially for patients with early-stage NSCLC.  相似文献   
110.
Simple SummaryGlioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. In a minority of cases, it presents with multiple lesions already at the time of diagnosis, affecting patients’ survival and treatment. Our retrospective study aims to increase the current understanding and define a treatment for this sub-entity, to improve patient survival. Chemoradiotherapy is a also safe and efficacy treatment in patients with multiple lesions. Survival advantages from extensive resection remain unclear.AbstractGlioblastomas with multiple foci at presentation (mGBMs) account for 2–35% of all GBMs. mGBMs have limited existing data and no standardized treatment. This study aims to determine their incidence, demographic and clinical features, outcome, and prognostic factors in terms of overall survival. We performed a monocentric retrospective study, reviewing patients treated at the Istituto Oncologico Veneto. Inclusion criteria were: new diagnosis of GBM and presence of multiple lesions on pre-treatment MRI. ECOG PS was used to evaluate clinical condition, RANO criteria for radiological assessment, and CTCAE v5.0 for treatment-related adverse events. The incidence of newly diagnosed mGBM was 7.2% and the study population consisted of 98 patients. Median age was 63 years, M:F ratio of 1.8:1, and a surgical approach was undertaken in 73 patients (mostly partial resection). MGMT was methylated in 47.5%, and 82 patients received active oncological treatment (65.9% radiotherapy plus temozolomide (RT + TMZ)). The disease control rate with RT + TMZ was 63%. Median OS of the entire study population was 10.2 months (95% CI 6.6–13.8), and median PFS was 4.2 months (95% CI 3.2–5.2). The ECOG PS, the extent of resection, and the RT + TMZ were significant prognostic factors in the univariate analysis for OS, but only the RT + TMZ was a significant independent OS predictor in the multivariate analysis (HR = 3.1, 95% IC 1.3–7.7, p = 0.014). The incidence of mGBM is not rare. RT + TMZ is confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor for survival and a safe and effective treatment. When feasible, RT + TMZ should be considered as a possible first-line treatment. The role of the extent of resection is still unclear.  相似文献   
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