夹竹桃麻素对高肺血流肺动脉高压大鼠的治疗作用

目的 观察夹竹桃麻素(apocynin)对肺高血流肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞活性氧(ROS)及NADPH氧化酶4(NOX4)蛋白水平的影响,研究Apocynin对肺高血流肺动脉高压形成的拮抗作用.方法 将30只雄性SD大鼠随机均分为对照组、分流给药组、分流组,通过腹主动脉-下腔静脉分流法建立左向右分流肺高血流肺高压大鼠模型,测定大鼠平均肺动脉压、肺小动脉中膜厚度百分比(WT％)、肺小动脉管壁面积百分比(WA％);体外培养模型大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞,流式细胞仪检测2,7一二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠(DCFH- DA)荧光探针标记的肺动脉内皮细胞活性氧水平,Western Blot法检测大鼠肺动脉内皮中NOX4蛋白的表达情况.结果 与分流组对比,分流给药组大鼠肺动脉压升高和肺血管重构情况明显改善,肺动脉内皮细胞中NOX4蛋白的表达较分流组虽无明显减少,但细胞内ROS的水平显著下降.结论 持续使用夹竹桃麻素干预,可使左向右分流肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞中ROS水平明显下降,从而拮抗大鼠肺动脉高压的形成.     

活性氧与线粒体损伤研究概述

线粒体在细胞生长、增殖分化和死亡等生命活动中扮演着十分重要的调控者的角色,也是许多药物毒性作用的靶标。活性氧(ROS)是细胞代谢不可避免的产物,其能作用于线粒体,是引起线粒体损伤主要的途径之一。本文介绍了线粒体的结构与功能,重点从线粒体氧化磷酸化功能的破坏、线粒体膜通透性的改变和线粒体DNA的突变等方面阐述了ROS引起线粒体损伤的机制。     

Two generation reproduction and teratogenicity studies of feeding cyadox in Wistar rats

To investigate the teratogenic potential and reproductive toxicity of cyadox, a growth promoting agent, Wistar rats (F₀) were fed with diets containing cyadox (0, 50, 150 and 2500 mg/kg) or olaquindox (150 mg/kg), approximately equivalent to cyadox 5, 15, 250 or olaquindox 15 mg/kg b.w./day across two generations. Half of the pregnant rats (F₀, F_1b) were subjected to caesarean section on gestational day 20 for teratogenic examination and the other half produced pups F_1a and F_2a, respectively. At the 250 mg/kg b.w./day cyadox group, body weights of F_1b pregnant rats and F_2a on day 21 after birth decreased; fetal body lengths and tail lengths decreased; the number of fetal resorptions increased significantly; litter weights, number of viable fetuses decreased; number of embryo resorptions increased significantly; number of liveborn F_1a, F_1b and F_2a decreased. No macroscopic or microscopic change of any significance was found in the reproductive organs. Significant increases in the incidence of cervial ribs or lumbar ribs in F_2a pups and significant increases of relative organ weight of testis and epididymis in F_1b were observed at the 250 mg/kg b.w./day cyadox group. The NOAEL for reproduction/development of cyadox for rats was estimated to be 150 mg/kg diet, which was equivalent to approximately 15 mg/kg b.w./day.     

枝管藻多糖对实验性高脂血大鼠血脂和过氧化水平的影响

目的:观察枝管藻多糖对实验性高脂血大鼠血脂和过氧化水平的影响。方法:以Wistar大鼠为研究对象,用高脂饲料建立高脂血症大鼠模型,分别ig枝管藻多糖和烟酸肌醇酯(枝管藻多糖的剂量为150mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),300mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),烟酸肌醇酯的剂量为 100mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),连续40d。于实验的第 30天和第40天,各采血一次,分别测定血清 TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,MDA,ROS含量和 SOD活性。结果:枝管藻多糖能显著抑制们喂高脂饲料大鼠的 TG(P<0.05)水平的升高,显著降低高脂血症大鼠的血清 TC(P<0.05)和TG(P<0.05)含量,但对血清LDL-C和HDL-C含量的变化几乎无影响;明显降低高脂血大鼠血清ROS,MDA含量,提高血清 SOD活性(P<0.01或 P<0.05)。结论:枝管藻多糖能够显著改善高脂血大鼠体内过氧化状态,但其抗高脂血效果低于烟酸肌醇酯。     

柴胡功效的历史演变与入药品种及药用部位的相互关系

目的:探析柴胡功效演变与入药品种及入药部位间的关系。方法:通过梳理历代文献,总结柴胡功效的演变,并分析其与柴胡入药品种及入药部位间的关系。结果:《神农本草经》时期应用的柴胡品种已不可考。唐代以后,狭叶柴胡、银州柴胡被认为是柴胡上品,而银柴胡在很长一段时期内亦被当做上品柴胡应用,这有可能成为柴胡出现"补虚劳"功效描述的原因。古来柴胡皆以根入药,清末以来,在长江一线逐流行以全草或地上部分入药。同时期兴起的"柴胡劫肝阴"之说或许与入药部位的改变而造成的有效成分改变有关,但仍需进一步的实验研究。结论:历代对柴胡功效认识的不统一,有可能是不同时期内应用柴胡的品种及入药部位不同造成的。     

Acoustic triggered nanobomb for US imaging guided sonodynamic therapy and activating antitumor immunity

We fabricated an ultrasound activated ‘nanobomb’ as a noninvasive and targeted physical therapeutic strategy for sonodynamic therapy and priming cancer immunotherapy. This ‘nanobomb’ was rationally designed via the encapsulation of indocyanine green (ICG) and perfluoropentane (PFP) into cRGD peptide-functionalized nano-liposome. The resulting Lip-ICG-PFP-cRGD nanoparticle linked with cRGD peptide could actively targeted ID8 and TC-1 cells and elicits ROS-mediated apoptosis after triggered by low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU). Moreover, the phase change of PFP (from droplets to microbubbles) under LIFU irradiation can produce a large number of microbubbles, which act as intra-tumoral bomber and can detonate explode tumor cells by acoustic cavitation effect. Instant necrosis of tumor cells further induces the release of biologically active damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to facilitate antitumor immunity. More important, the ‘nanobomb’ in combination with anti-PD-1checkpoint blockade therapy can significantly improve the antitumor efficacy in a subcutaneous model. In addition, the liposomes may also be used as an imaging probe for ultrasound (US) imaging after being irradiated with LIFU. In summary, the US imaging-guided, LIFU activated ROS production and explosion ‘nanobomb’ might significantly improve the antitumor efficacy and overcome drug resistance through combination of SDT and immunotherapy, we believe that this is a promising approach for targeted therapy of solid tumor including ovarian cancer.     

高糖对人腹膜间皮细胞生成活性氧的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度的葡萄糖对人腹膜间皮细胞（human peritoneal mesothelial cells,HPMCs）生成活性氧的影响。[方法]HPMCs体外培养并进行免疫组化鉴定,取第3代细胞用于实验。分别按照不同的实验要求将细胞分组。不同葡萄糖浓度干预组：①空白对照组;②1．5％葡萄糖组;③2．5％葡萄糖组;④4．25％葡萄糖组。不同作用时间组：①空白对照组;②2．5％葡萄糖组。两组细胞分别培养12、24、48h。应用流式细胞仪检测细胞对氧化剂敏感的2．7-二氢二氯荧光素（2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein,DCFH）发生氧化所产生的荧光量,从而间接的反映细胞内活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）的水平,观察随葡萄糖浓度变化及不同作用时间对人腹膜间皮细胞产生活性氧的影响。[结果]（1）与空白对照组比较,高糖干预人腹膜间皮细胞后,其细胞内平均荧光强度明显升高（P〈0．05）,并且随葡萄糖浓度升高而逐渐增高,其中4．25％葡萄糖组最高。（2）与空白对照组比较,随着时间的延长,高糖作用下细胞内平均荧光强度明显升高（P〈0．05）,培养48h其水平最高。[结论]高糖可刺激体外培养的人腹膜间皮细胞ROS的生成。     

福建省部分地区野栖鼠体表寄生恙螨的物种多样性调查

目的 调查福建省部分地区野栖鼠体表寄生恙螨的分布情况及物种多样性,为恙虫病防制提供参考依据.方法 笼日法捕鼠,检获鼠体恙螨,对其鉴定、计数.用带螨率、带螨指数及优势种反映恙螨的种群构成及密度;采用丰富度、Shan-non-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Simpson优势度指数分析恙螨的物种多样性.结果...     

Oxaliplatin-loaded nanoemulsion containing Teucrium polium L. essential oil induces apoptosis in Colon cancer cell lines through ROS-mediated pathway

Oxaliplatin (Oxa)-associated adverse side effects have considerably limited the clinical use of the drug in colon cancer therapy. Mutant p53 has diverse mutational profiles in colon cancer, and it influences the potencies of various chemotherapeutic drugs, including Oxa. Thus, it would be highly beneficial to identify an alternative therapeutic strategy that not only reduces the toxicity of Oxa, but also exerts a synergistic effect against colon cancers, regardless of their p53 profiles. The present study was aimed at preparing and optimizing Teucrium polium L. essential oil nanoemulsion (TPO-NANO) and investigating its effect on the sensitivity of colon cancer cells with differences in p53 status (HCT116 wild-type and HT-29 mutant-type) to Oxa. The viability of treated cells was determined and the combination index (CI) was calculated. Morphological changes were determined under inverted microscopy, while percentage apoptosis was assayed using flow cytometry. Intracellular ROS and the protein levels of p53 and Bax were measured. The colony-forming potential of treated cells was determined using colony assay. The size of TPO-NANO was markedly increased from 12.90 ± 0.04 nm to 14.47 ± 0.53 nm after loading Oxa (p ≤ 0.05). The combination (Oxa + TPO-NANO) produced a synergetic effect in HCT116 and HT-29, with CI of 0.94 and 0.88, respectively. Microscopic examination and flow cytometric analysis revealed that cells treated with Oxa + TPO-NANO had a higher percentage of apoptosis than cells exposed to monotherapy. Cumulatively, Oxa exerted an apoptotic effect on wild or mutant p53 colon cancer cells when combined with TPO-NANO, through a mechanism involving ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis.     

青蒿琥酯对人子宫内膜癌细胞RL95-2的生长抑制作用

目的 研究青蒿琥酯在体外对人子宫内膜癌RL95-2细胞的生长抑制作用及其可能机制.方法 通过MTT法实验观察青蒿琥酯在体外对RL95-2细胞的抑制作用;透射电镜观察癌细胞的形态学改变;免疫组化检测细胞浆Caspase3活性;流式细胞术观察青蒿琥酯对细胞周期的影响及检测细胞线粒体膜电位△ψm和细胞内ROS水平.结果 青蒿琥酯对RL95-2细胞具有增殖抑制作用,其半数细胞抑制浓度(IC50)为26.29 μg/ml.透射电镜见:细胞呈早期凋亡改变:核染色质聚集于核膜周围,呈团块状;免疫组化检测细胞浆Caspase3表达阳性;流式细胞仪检测:细胞周期阻滞发生在G0/G1期;细胞内ROS升高(P<0.05);细胞线粒体膜电位△ψm降低(P<0.05).结论 青蒿琥酯在体外作用于人子宫颈癌RL95-2细胞,可能通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制癌细胞增殖.