肝苏缓释胶囊精制工艺中大孔吸附树脂型号的筛选

目的筛选适合分离纯化赶黄草提取物的最佳大孔吸附树脂型号。方法以槲皮素吸附量、解吸率、吸附速率及解吸速率为指标,对D140、D141、D3520、AB-8、D101、DM-130、NKA-9、S-8等8种大孔吸附树脂的性能进行比较。结果8种大孔吸附树脂对槲皮素的静态吸附量顺序为:D140>D141>D3520>AB-8>D101>DM-130>NKA-9>S-8,解吸率顺序为:D140>D141>S-8>AB-8>NKA-9>D3520>DM-130>D101。其中D140、D141对槲皮素的吸附量分别为9.728、.76m.g-1,解吸率分别为88.5%、84.3%;吸附速率和解吸速率比较结果表明,D140型树脂在加入药液后约5h吸附达到平衡,在加入解吸剂后1.5h解吸完全,其吸附、解吸速率最快。结论在8种树脂中,D140的吸附与解吸效果最佳。     

Movement of the side hole occurring in a port‐catheter system percutaneously implanted for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy

The authors report a case in which catheter‐related difficulties occurred with a port‐catheter system implanted to perform repeated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinomas. The port‐catheter system had been percutaneously implanted with the catheter tip fixation method, and a side hole had been created in the indwelling catheter for placement in the common hepatic artery. Four months after port‐catheter placement, however, the indwelling catheter became bent at the location of the side hole in the proper hepatic artery. Subsequently, the side hole moved into the left hepatic artery, resulting in a lack of distribution of chemotherapeutic agents to the tumours in the segments of the liver supplied by the right hepatic artery. This situation was easily corrected with a simple interventional radiological method so that hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy could be resumed with sufficient distribution over the entire liver. To our knowledge, such a problem involving a port‐catheter system implanted with the catheter tip fixation method and its management thereafter has not been reported in the published literature.     

计算机在药品不良反应监测中的应用和展望

计算机可应用于药品不良反应监测中的信息管理、预防性监测和临床筛查,也可应用于药物不良事件的辅助诊断和鉴别.药品不良反应监测具有计算机化的倾向.     

Applying health technology assessment to pharmaceutical care: pitfalls and future directions

It has been argued in previous issues of this journal that health technology assessment can be used as a tool to assess the efficiency of pharmaceutical care by linking its impact on clinical and humanistic outcomes to the resources required to achieve these outcomes. Additionally, as policy-makers appreciate the need to evaluate projects on the basis of their costs and benefits, the application of health technology assessment to pharmaceutical care may serve as a way of communicating with policy-makers and informing policy on pharmaceutical care.This article elaborates on this idea by arguing that policy-makers will be more likely to appreciate the value of pharmaceutical care if researchers pay more attention to some methodological principles underlying health technology assessment in the context of pharmaceutical care, and if they take into account the decision-making context facing policy-makers. In order to raise the methodological quality of studies, researchers need to take care to define better the pharmaceutical care intervention; to evaluate the costs of the intervention and its impact on the utilization of other health services; and to aggregate the various clinical and humanistic outcome measures that are commonly used in this type of research. In order to increase the usefulness of study findings to policy-makers, researchers need to identify the multiple objectives that policy-makers pursue, and show how study findings will aid policy-makers in attaining these objectives.     

提高尼美舒利片溶出度的工艺研究

目的:筛选尼美舒利片的最佳处方工艺,提高其溶出度.方法:考察粘合剂浓度、研磨时间、压片力对尼美舒利片溶出度的影响.结果:按照筛选的最佳处方工艺制备的尼美舒利片溶出度大为改善,符合药典标准.结论:该方法处方合理,工艺简单,适合于工厂化生产的要求.     

外用消痔坐浴袋泡剂的制备及临床应用

目的:建立外用消痔袋泡剂的制备及质量控制方法,并考察其临床疗效.方法:设计处方与制备方法,建立质量控制项目并进行临床疗效初步观察.结果:该制剂工艺简单,设计合理,稳定性好,疗效确切.结论:该制剂治疗痔疮效果显著.     

3D打印在眼科血管性疾病的应用进展

近年3D打印技术在各个领域广泛应用,在医学领域的应用也日趋增多,为医学研究的发展提供了新的方向。作为一种数字化制造技术,3D打印在对眼科疾病的评估、研究和治疗中发挥了重要作用。目前,3D打印的生物材料、细胞、组织和器官在眼科逐渐投入应用并引起重视,同时展现出巨大的潜力。随着医学成像技术的发展和打印技术的进步,3D打印与各种医学成像技术结合使眼部血管可视化,有助于眼科血管性疾病的研究和诊断。本文主要对3D打印在眼科血管性疾病的应用进展进行简要综述。     

PIK3CD基因突变致PI3K-δ过度活化综合征1例报告并文献复习

目的了解PI3K-δ过度活化综合征的临床特征及致病基因。方法回顾分析1例PI3K-δ过度活化综合征患儿的临床资料。结果患儿,男,3岁10个月,反复呼吸道感染,肝脾肿大,发育落后。提取患儿及父母外周血DNA,通过全外显子组测序及Sanger验证,证实患儿PIK3CD基因存在错义变异c.3061GA(E1021K),先证者父母PIK3CD基因均未发现上述变异,为新生变异。该突变使PIK3CD基因发生功能获得性突变,导致编码的p110δ活性增强,PI3K-PIP3-AKT-mTOR信号通路过度激活,诱导细胞分化增殖,致疾病发生,为致病性突变。结论 PI 3 K-δ过度活化综合征为罕见的常染色体显性遗传免疫缺陷病,基因检测可协助诊断。     

高胰岛素血症伴高氨血症综合征1例报告并文献复习

目的探讨GLUD1基因变异所致高胰岛素血症伴高氨血症综合征临床表现和致病基因特点。方法回顾分析1例高胰岛素血症伴高氨血症综合征患儿的临床资料,并复习相关文献。结果女性患儿,1岁9个月起病,反复出现血糖偏低2年余,并惊厥发作3次,给予升血糖、止惊对症处理后可缓解;伴血胰岛素、血氨水平升高,诊断为高胰岛素血症伴高氨血症综合征。高通量测序发现患儿GLUD1基因存在错义变异c.965GA,p.Arg322His(杂合),其父母该位点均为正常基因型,为新生突变。结论基因检测有助于明确高胰岛素血症伴高氨血症综合征诊断。     

Sociotechnical analysis of nurses’ use of personal mobile phones at work

BackgroundNurses’ use of personal mobiles phones at work is a growing trend in healthcare organizations. Although recent studies have explored the positive and negative implications of nurses using personal mobile phones at work, none has yet analyzed the interactions of sociotechnical components (users, technology and policy) on nurses’ use of personal mobile phones at work.ObjectivesIdentify sociotechnical interactions by analyzing each sociotechnical component (users, technology and policy) that affects nurses’ use of personal mobile phones at work.MethodsIn-depth interviews were conducted with 30 nurses employed in 13 hospitals in the Philippines. The respondents include staff nurses (n = 23), charge nurses (n = 4), and nurse managers (n = 3). Staff nurses were asked on their use of personal mobile phones at work, while charge and nurse managers were asked on their observations regarding staff nurses’ use of personal mobile phones at work. Responses were analyzed qualitatively using sociotechnical analysis.ResultsSociotechnical analysis indicated that staff nurses used their personal mobile phones at work in various ways because its use helped in their nursing work, but inevitably altered a few of their routines. Although most hospitals had policies that prohibit the use of mobile phones, staff nurses justified their use of personal mobile phones by using it for work purposes and for the benefit of their patients. Staff nurses highlighted the absence of hospital-provided mobile phones as a key reason for using personal mobile phones at work. Charge nurses and nurse managers also influenced staff nurses’ use of personal mobile phones at work.ConclusionsNurses could use their personal mobile phones at work for work purposes to enhance their clinical performance and improve patient care. Hospital administrators can leverage on nurses’ use of personal mobile phones at work by formulating policies that consider both the benefits and potential drawbacks of mobile phone usage. Recommendations are made for the formulation of hospital policies to optimize the use of personal mobile phones of nurses at work.