Three new guaiane sesquiterpene lactones from rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin

Three new guaiane sesquiterpene lactones (4S)-4-hydroxy-gweicurculactone (1), zedoalactone G (2), and (1R, 4R, 5S, 10S)-zedoalactone B (3), and three known guaiane sesquiterpene lactones, including zedoarolide B (4), zedoalactone B (5), and a new natural product (+)-zedoalactone A (6), were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen et C. Ling. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The absolute configuration of 2 was determined via the calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD), whereas the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were determined via the ECD data of the [Rh₂(OCOCF₃)₄] complex and [Mo₂(OAc)₄] complex, respectively. The inhibitory effects of compounds 1–6 on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. All of them exhibited weak anti-inflammatory activity.     

黄花蒿的化学成分研究进展

黄花蒿为传统中药，具有清热解毒、除蒸截疟的功效。近年来采用现代中药研究方法，如HPLC、GC-MS、LC-MS等从黄花蒿中分离出多种有效成分。黄花蒿的化学成分主要有倍半萜类、黄酮类、香豆素类和挥发油类，其中倍半萜类和甲氧基黄酮类成分较为丰富，且甲氧基黄酮类对黄花蒿的抗疟活性具有促进作用。     

维吾尔族药毛菊苣总倍半萜滴丸溶出度测定

目的:建立毛菊苣总倍半萜滴丸中山莴苣素的溶出度测定方法。方法:采用桨法测定体外溶出度,通过单因素试验筛选溶出介质和转速,利用HPLC测定毛菊苣总倍半萜滴丸中山莴苣素的溶出度,流动相甲醇(A)-0.2%甲酸(B)梯度洗脱(0~30 min,28%~72%A),检测波长256 nm。结果:选择含0.2%十二烷基硫酸钠的人工胃液为溶出介质,转速100 r·min-1,山莴苣素线性范围0.015~0.075 g·L-1(r=0.999),平均回收率101.04%(RSD 1.38%)。样品30 min时体外溶出度均>80%。结论:本方法简便、准确、可靠,适用于毛菊苣总倍半萜滴丸的溶出度测定。     

干崖子橐吾的萜类成分研究

目的 对橐吾属药用植物干崖子橐吾ligularia kanaitzensis(Franch.)Hand.-Mazz.药用部位的化学成分进行研究。方法 通过多次柱层析和重结晶分离纯化，并运用IR，EI－MS，^13C NMR,^1H NMR等光谱方法进行结构鉴定。结果 分离鉴定了2个倍半萜成分：11－hydroperoxy-6,9-eremophiladien-8-one(1),6α-hydroxy-7(11)-eremopholen-12,8β-olide(2)和4个三萜成分：齐敦果酸（3），β－香树脂醇（4），β－香树脂醇乙酸酯（5），羽伞豆醇（6）。结论 上述6个化合物均为首次从干崖子橐吾中分离得到，化合物1为一过氧化物，其碳谱数据系首次报道。     

Carotane-type sesquiterpenes from cultures of the insect pathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea

Two new carotane-type sesquiterpenes named trichocaranes E (1) and F (2), along with two known ones CAF-603 (3) and trichocarane C (4), were isolated from cultures of the insect pathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1–3 showed potent cytotoxic activities against six tumor cell lines MDA, MCF-7, SKOV-3, Hela, A549, HepG2 with IC₅₀ values in a concentration range of 0.1–6.0 μg/ml.     

Chemical composition and in vitro cytotoxic effects of the essential oil from Nectandra leucantha leaves

Abstract

Context: Nectandra (Lauraceae) species have been used in folk medicine as an antidiarrheal, analgesic, antifungal, etc., and have many pharmacological proprieties.

Objective: Investigation of the chemical composition and cytotoxicity of essential oil from Nectandra leucantha Nees & Mart. leaves. This is the first study involving N. leucantha reported in the literature.

Material and methods: The essential oil of N. leucantha leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation. Its chemical composition was determined using a combination of GC/FID, GC/MS, and determination of Kovats index (KI). In vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated against six cancer cell lines – murine melanoma (B16F10-Nex2), human glioblastome (U-87), human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), human colon carcinoma (HCT), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), and human cervical tumor (Siha) as well as against one non-tumorigenic cell line – human foreskin fibroblast (HFF).

Results: Thirty-three compounds were identified primarily sesquiterpenes (81.41%), the main compounds being bicyclogermacrene (28.44%), germacrene A (7.34%), spathulenol (5.82%), and globulol (5.25%). Furthermore, monoterpenes were also found in the analyzed oil (12.84%), predominantly α- and β-pinenes (6.59 and 4.57%, respectively). The crude essential oil displayed significant cytotoxic activity against B16F10-Nex2 (IC₅₀ 33?±?1?μg/mL) and U87 (IC₅₀ 75.95?±?0.03?μg/mL) and HeLa (IC₅₀ 60?±?12?μg/mL) cell lines. The main identified compound, bicyclogermacrene, displayed IC₅₀ ranging from 3.1?±?0.2 to 21?±?6?μg/mL.

Discussion and conclusion: The results indicate that the crude oils from leaves of N. leucantha displayed cytotoxic activity being bicyclogermacrene, the main compound identified in the crude oil responsible, at least in part, for this potential.     

活血丹属植物的化学成分及药理研究进展

唇形科活血丹属的多种植物为传统药用植物,民间主要用于治疗热淋、湿淋、肝炎、咳嗽、疮痈肿痛、跌打损伤等病症。查阅该属植物的相关文献,对活血丹属植物的化学成分及其药理研究进行综述。该属植物的主要化学成分为萜类、黄酮、甾体、生物碱和有机酸等化合物。现代药理研究表明该属植物具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗溃疡、利胆、利尿和溶解结石等生物活性。     

Phytochemical and antioedematogenic studies of commercial copaiba oils available in Brazil

The composition of eight samples of commercial copaiba oils, used in the Amazonian region as antiinflammatory agents and available in popular markets, were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS). Major differences were observed in their chemical composition and some adulterations were pointed out. When tested in vivo oils 1 and 3, and to a lesser extent oil 6, significantly inhibited bradykinin-induced oedema formation. The other tested oils had no effect. When assessed in carrageenan-induced oedema formation, oils 1, 2 and 6, but not oil 3, significantly attenuated the oedema formation. The other tested oils failed to affect carrageenan-induced paw oedema. Oils 1 and 6 were further fractionated and several sesquiterpenes and diterpenes were detected. It is suggested that the naturally occurring sesquiterpenes present in the copaiba oils seem to be responsible for the antiinflammatory action reported in the folk medicine. Furthermore, our results clearly show an adulteration in copaiba oils available in Brazil.     

香港鹰爪花中倍半萜类化学成分研究

综合运用正相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、反相ODS柱色谱以及制备型高效液相色谱等现代色谱分离技术和方法,对番荔枝科鹰爪花属植物香港鹰爪花Artabotrys hongkongensis枝叶中的化学成分进行系统研究。根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据,并通过与文献对照,鉴定了从香港鹰爪花枝叶的90%乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取部位中分离得到的16个倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为:blumenol A(1),4,5-dihydroblumenol A(2),(6R,9S)-3-oxo-a-ionol(3),3-hydroxy-β-ionone(4),dehydrovomifoliol(5),(3R,6R,7E)-3-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one(6),sarmentol F(7),10-oxo-isodauc-3-en-15-oic acid(8),fukinone(9),petasitolone(10),β-eudesmol(11),trans-3β-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-8aβ-methyl-5-methylenedecalin-2-one(12),10-hydroxyaristolan-9-one(13),aristol-8-en-1-one(14),aristolan-9-en-1-one(15),aristolan-1,9-diene(16)。该研究首次对香港鹰爪花的化学成分进行了系统研究,所有分离得到的化合物均为首次从鹰爪花属植物中分离得到。     

万花木的化学成分研究

对菊科蚂蚱腿子属植物万花木Myripnois dioica地上部分的化学成分进行研究。利用多种色谱技术从万花木95%乙醇提取物中分离得到12个化合物;通过理化性质和波谱数据分别鉴定为8-desoxyurospermal A(1),zaluzanin C(2),dehydrozaluzanin C(3),glucozaluzanin C(4),macrocliniside B(5),macrocliniside I(6),taraxinic acid-14-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),ainsliaside B(8),洋芹素(9),木犀草素(10),洋芹素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)和木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(12)。除化合物8以外,其他化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。对化合物8的降血糖活性进行了研究,结果表明化合物8可较好地降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平。