高健美延缓衰老的临床研究

目的 观察增龄对人血清中甲状腺激素（ＴＨ）、胰岛素样生长因子－１（ＩＧＦ－１）及脱氢表雄酮（ＤＨＥＡ）变化及用高健美治疗老年人后甲状腺功能（甲功）、ＩＧＦ－１、ＤＨＥＡ和肾虚衰老症状的改变。方法 从健康体检的人群中,选择５０例属于肾虚衰老的老年人作为治疗组,选择老年前期及青壮年期各３０例作为对照组,分别检测甲功（ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４、ＦＴ３、ＦＴ４）,ＩＧＦ－１、ＤＨＥＡ、肝功能及心电图;对治疗组用小剂     

老年股骨骨折病人围手术期护理

目的　探讨老年股骨骨折病人手术前后的护理。方法　采取整体护理与康复指导等措施。结果　通过对 83例老年股骨骨折手术病人的整体化护理 ,使病人的肢体功能恢复情况及病人的满意度有了明显改善和提高 ,与以前的责任制护理相比有显著差异性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　对病人采用整体护理 ,使老年股骨骨折病人早日康复。     

Factors associated with insomnia symptoms: A cross-sectional study during a Covid-19 fully restrictive lockdown

Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder and a public health concern that increased during the Covid 19 pandemic. Fully restrictive lockdowns during Covid are interesting periods to examine the impact of environmental and behavioural changes on the emergence of insomnia symptoms. In this cross-sectional study we aimed to (1) determine the main factors associated with insomnia symptoms during a Covid-19 fully restrictive lockdown examining the associated daily life alterations and (2) create a predictive model of insomnia symptoms. We used the data drawn from the “Covid-RythmE” study that reached volunteers from the general French population through an online survey during the last 2 weeks of the 2 month full lockdown. Associations with insomnia symptoms were tested and significant associations were entered in a Backward Stepwise Logistic Regression (BSLR) to assess the best combination to classify individuals with or without insomnia symptoms. From the 1624 participants, 50.64% suffered from mild to severe insomnia symptoms as assessed by the ISI. The best combination for explaining insomnia symptoms with 74.26% of accuracy included: age (OR = 1.15), females (OR = 1.26), smaller home sizes (OR = 0.77), environmental noises (OR = 1.59), anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.24), depressive symptoms (OR = 1.15), regularity of sleep–wake schedules (OR = 1.25), exposure to screen during the morning (OR = 1.13), and LED light during the evening (OR = 1.17). Thus, lifestyle schedule and exposure to natural synchronizers such as light, are primordial in considering in insomnia physiopathology, prevention and treatment, as well as the associated mental health status.     

K-complexes: are they signs of arousal or sleep protective?

SUMMARY  The number of K-complexes recorded at the central-temporal EEG derivation (C3-T3) during 5 min periods for both the ascending and descending phase of Stage 2 of NREM sleep for cycles 1,2… etc. were counted in 10 subjects for each of the following five groups: normal persons, patients with a primary generalized form of epilepsy, narcolepsy, insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea. The differences in time spent in different stages of sleep were as expected for these types of patients. A 2-within, 1-between factors, repeated measure ANOVA was applied to the data on K-complexes. Overall, there was no significant difference between the number of K-complexes observed during the ascending and descending phases of the different sleep cycles. Patients with a sleep disorder had significantly less well-defined K-complexes than the normals and the patients with a primary form of generalized epilepsy: for insomnia ( P = 0.035), for apnoea ( P = 0.011) and for narcolepsy ( P = 0.001). There was a significant, but very low correlation coefficient between the number of K-complexes observed during Stage 2 of NREM sleep and the time spent during that stage for all groups combined (Rho 0.27, P = 0.002) and for the narcoleptic patients (Rho 0.44, P = 0.017). In all, the findings lend support to the hypothesis that a K-complex can be seen as a 'defensive response', or has a sleep protective function.     

Recent advances in dementia research in Japan: Alzheimer-type dementia

In a previous article, recent reports by Japanese researchers on non-Alzheimer-type degenerative dementias were reviewed. In the present article, recent Japanese reports on Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) are reviewed. Alzheimer-type dementia has received great attention and has been studied from various viewpoints in Japan as well as in Europe and the Americas. In Japan, although it was believed that vascular dementia was the most frequent dementia in the elderly, ATD has recently been shown to be the most predominant type of dementia. Such a great number of papers on ATD have been reported in Japan that mainly the clinical, neuropathological, biochemical and molecular biological research papers alone are reviewed here.     

老年性白内障晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的DNA片段分析及TUNEL检测

目的 探讨老年性白内障晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的生化特征。方法 用ＤＮＡ片段分析及ＴＵＮＥＬ法共检测３１例老年性白内障患者晶状体上皮细胞凋亡。结果 ＤＮＡ片段分析显示,老年性白内障患者晶状体上皮细胞有ＤＮＡ“梯状”图谱,而健康成年人晶状体上皮细胞未见ＤＮＡ断裂现象;ＴＵＮＥＬ检测发现,老年性白内障患者晶本上皮细胞中有凋亡细胞,而健康成年人晶状体上皮中无明显的凋亡细胞。结论 老年性白内障发生与晶状体上皮细     

Failure to find a relationship between mnestic skills of octogenarians and aluminum in drinking water

Summary High concentrations of aluminum (>80 g/l) in drinking water have been related to an elevated incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Mnestic and naming skills of residents living for >15 years in districts with high (98 g/l) or low (4 g/l) aluminum concentrations [Al] in the drinking water were evaluated in a population survey by examining 800 residents aged 81 to 85 using the mnestic subtest of the Mini Mental Status test (Zurich variant). The mnestic and naming performance of the octogenarians did not differ between the high- and low-content-areas. Since 73% of dementias are at least partly caused by Alzheimer's disease in the area examined and because the short test used discriminates demented from healthy octagenarians as well as tests involving extensive examinations, the findings of this study suggest with a high probability that the [Al] of drinking water is not an essential factor in the pathogenesis of senile dementia. The serum [Al] the urinary [Al] and the urinary [Al]/creatinine ratio were measured twice in ten clinically diagnosed Alzheimer patients and ten controls in both areas. No significant difference was found, which confirms the negative epidemiological findings.Parts of this study were presented at the joint meeting of the Swedish and Swiss Neurological Association in Interlaken, Switzerland, on May 22, 1990     

Bright light treatment for night-time insomnia and daytime sleepiness in elderly people: comparison with a short-acting hypnotic

Night-time bright light (BL) treatment and triazolam (0.125 mg/day) were given to three healthy elderly people in a cross-over design. They kept a daytime sleepiness test and a sleep log, and their wrist-activity was monitored simultaneously. Subjectively, BL increased daytime sleepiness and naps, and decreased night-time sleep. Triazolam decreased daytime sleepiness and naps, and increased night-time sleep. Actigraphic night-time sleep and naps on the first day were similar to these results. However, on the fourth day night-time insomnia induced by BL had recovered, and naps were shorter than the baseline. Triazolam increased actigraphic naps as the days passed.     

Interpeak latency of auditory event-related potentials (P300) in senile depression and dementia of the Alzheimer type

Most studies on event-related potentials (ERP) in psychiatric illness or dementia have focused on the single-peak latency of ERP components. In the present study, not only peak latencies of ERP components (N1, P2, N2, and P3) but also interpeak latencies (IPL; N1-P2, P2-N2, and N2-P3) were analyzed using the auditory oddball task. Thirty-five senile depressed patients and 34 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) were compared to 39 age-matched healthy volunteers. The mean latencies of P2 and P3 were shorter in patients with senile depression than in controls. In DAT patients, the N2 and P3 latencies were longer. When the IPL was assessed, however, only the mean IPL of N1-P2 was shorter in patients with senile depression, while the P2-N2 IPL were longer in those with DAT. The IPL results suggest that in senile depression the early cognitive process is hastened and in DAT the middle process is disturbed. Based on these results, we conclude that IPL of the auditory ERP might be used to reveal the disturbed steps within the cognitive process.     

Prevalence of nocturia among Japanese adults

The prevalence of nocturia among Japanese community-dwelling adults was associated with insomnia, taking into account other correlates of insomnia.