Hyperosmolarity response of ocular standing potential as a clinical test for retinal pigment epithelium activity normative data

The standing potential of the eye is decreased by intravenous administration of hypertonic solutions. This hyperosmolarity-induced response has been recorded in normal subjects by the use of electro-oculography (EOG) in the dark. An intravenous administration of Fructmanit^® (1.4 × 10³ mOsmol) (150 500ml, 2.37 9.70ml/kg, 0.08 0.36 ml/kg/min) was used to evoke the hyperosmolarity response. The amplitude of the response was expressed in percentage, V₀ – V_min/V₀ × 100, where V₀ is the base value of the EOG before administration of the hypertonic solution and V_min is a minimum EOG amplitude after administration. The distribution of the amplitude of the hyperosmolarity response was approximated by the normal distribution in normal subjects. The minimum, the maximum, the mean and the standard deviation of the amplitude of the hyperosmolarity response were respectively 34.2%, 52.3%, 42.6% and 4.6% in normal subjects. The normal range of the hyperosmolarity response would be 33.4 51.8% (M ± 2SD). The hyperosmolarity response, which originates mainly in the retinal pigment epithelium, is a useful new quantitative and specific test of the activity of the retinal pigment epithelium in clinical practice.     

Hyperosmolarity response of ocular standing potential as a clinical test for retinal pigment epithelium activity rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

The hyperosmolarity response of the ocular standing potential was recorded in unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (8 eyes) and in the fellow healthy eye (8 eyes). The hyperosmolarity response was greatly suppressed (M-4 SD: M and SD indicate respectively the mean and the standard deviation in normal subjects) in all affected eyes (p < 0.005), and slightly abnormal in 2 fellow eyes. The L/D ratio was normal in 2 affected eyes and in all fellow eyes. The hyperosmolarity response in the affected eyes was still greatly suppressed 14 months after successful surgical treatment.     

玻璃体视网膜手术治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的疗效

目的：评价应用玻璃体视网膜联合手术（vitreo-retinal surgery,V-R术）治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法：应用V－R术治疗视网膜脱离（网脱）54眼,其中孔源性网脱伴PVR（C3级以上）18眼,外伤玻璃体积血并牵拉网脱14眼,复发性网脱9眼,合并晶体混浊6眼,血管性并牵拉网脱3眼,后极裂孔3眼,先天性脉络膜缺损并网脱1眼。结果：出院时视网膜解剖复位（完全复位及残留少量视网膜下液）44眼,术后视力提高39眼,不变9眼,下降6眼。结论：通过玻璃体手术,切除混浊屈光间质后,可根据情况联合进行视网膜复位术,为视网膜复位创造条件,促进术后视力提高。     

44例裂孔性视网膜脱离的暗适应视网膜电图及振荡电位的观察

目的：检测裂孔性视网膜脱离患者的视网膜电图（FERG）及振荡电位（OPs),总结FERG及OPs在视网膜脱离中的变化规律。方法：随机选择1眼为裂孔性视网膜脱离,另1眼除屈光不正外无其他眼疾中44例、44眼,进行暗适应FERG及OPs的检测。与对侧眼作比较研究,主要观察指标有：FERG中的a波振幅（aA);b波振幅（bA);a波峰时（aT);b波峰时（bT),OPs中的∑O,O1,O2,O3,O4及其峰时值的变化。结果：全部病例均有病理改变,视网膜脱离眼上述指标与对侧眼差异有显著性（P＜0．05）,降低幅度与视网膜脱离面积有关。视网膜脱离眼FERG的a波振幅、b波振幅与手术效果相关,异常程度轻者手术成功率高。结论：视网膜电图检查是了解视网膜机能的有效方法之一,术前检查视网膜脱离患者的FERG及OPs,有助于了解病变严重程度及视功能损害的情况,能对手术预后做出较适合的估计。     

巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离的手术治疗

目的 :探讨巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离有效治疗方法。方法 :根据病情的不同 ,对巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离 2 1例 2 1眼选择环扎术、冷冻、外加压或玻璃体切除术、视网膜前膜剥离、切除、视网膜切开、切除、眼内氩激光封闭视网膜裂孔。部分病例采用气液交换平复视网膜。术后眼内充填 C3F8或硅油。结果 :随访 3～ 12个月 ,视网膜最终复位 18眼 ,3眼未复位。手术成功率 86% (18/ 2 1)。结论 :采取适当的联合手术方法 ,能提高巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离治愈率。氟碳液的应用 ,简便了手术操作 ,提高了成功率     

孔源性视网膜脱离的临床特点

对109眼孔源性视网膜脱离的发病年龄及不同年龄组视网膜脱离与屈光状态,不同年龄组裂孔的形态等关系进行了分析。结果表明40岁以下网脱近视多见,40岁以后网脱近视逐渐减少。圆孔多见于40岁以下年龄组,马蹄形裂孔多见于40岁以上年龄组。     

孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术的临床观察

目的观察孔源性视网膜脱离外路显微手术的临床效果。方法对32例孔源性视网膜脱离患者的32只眼，在手术显微镜直视下进行视网膜放液或不放液，视网膜裂孔及变性区冷凝，硅胶块填压和／或环扎，术后观察视力恢复及视网膜复位情况。结果手术显微镜下患眼视网膜冷凝呈灰白色均清晰可见，无严重手术并发症。1次手术后视网膜完全复位30只眼，占93．4％，再次外路手术复位2只眼。结论孔源性视网膜脱离行外路显微镜直视下手术，具有简单方便直观、效果良好、成功率高等优点。     

Towards a Neurotransmitter-Based Retinal Prosthesis Using an Inkjet Print-head

Electronic chips that provide a patterned stimulus to cells in the retina may provide a viable treatment for age-related macular degeneration. A surrogate MEMS device, in the form of a print-head from a desktop printer, has been used to eject a pattern of neurotransmitters (bradykinin) onto living rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Fluorescent calcium imaging was used to measure the patterned stimulation of individual cells. The chemical stimulation of cells by directed microfluidic delivery may have applications in retinal prosthetic devices, and in other prosthetic implants in the nervous system.     

全域扫频OCTA与荧光素眼底血管造影在糖尿病视网膜病变应用中的对比分析

目的 比较全域扫频光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA）与荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）对糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的诊断价值。方法 选取2022年2月至2022年4月就诊于安徽医科大学第二附属医院眼科门诊的糖尿病视网膜病变患者35例（70眼）,每位患者均使用超广角彩色眼底照相（UWF CFP）检查。采用全域扫频OCTA和FFA分别检查受试者视网膜,并分析两者对视网膜微血管瘤（MA）、视网膜新生血管（RNV）、视网膜无灌注区（NPAs）、视网膜内微血管异常（IRMA）、糖尿病性黄斑水肿（DME）的检出率差异。结果 全域扫频OCTA中MA、RNV、NPAs、IRMA、DME的检出率与FFA相比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,全域扫频OCTA与FFA对DR的筛查、诊断、分类一致性良好（Kappa值>0.75）。结论 全域扫频OCTA在DR应用中具有广阔的前景,可作为DR无创性筛查、诊断、随访的重要依据。