MAHARISHI AMRIT KALASH REJUVENATES AGEING CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM'S ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCE SYSTEM: AN IN VIVO STUDY

The oxygen-free radical involvement in various deteriorative processes and in ageing is unquestionably established. In the present study age-related changes in antioxidant enzyme activity in the different regions of CNS of 10-month and 32-month-old guinea pigs were studied. Maharishi Amrit Kalash has shown promise in inhibiting the in vitro and in vivo lipid peroxidation. Therefore in the present study the effect of MAK on the activity of antioxidant enzymes was checked. Our results indicate that the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, was found to be reduced (P<0.05) in all the regions of CNS studied, The activities of catalase declined significantly only in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and the cerebellum. Whereas glutathione reductase activity declined in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. It is concluded that the age-related decline in the activities of antioxidant enzymes is region-specific as well as enzyme-specific. The endogenous lipid peroxide was found to be increased significantly (P<0.05) in the 32-month-old animals. Whereas the lipid peroxidation after incubating the tissue homogenate in the air was found to be decreased (P<0.05) in the older animals. The results indicate that the accumulation of lipid peroxides take place with age but the susceptibility of lipid peroxidation decreases in the older animals. The treatment of MAK 500 mg kg⁻¹body wt. for 2 months could augment the activities of antioxidant enzymes (P<0.05). The effect of MAK was more pronounced in older than younger animals. It is concluded that the MAK can be used in compensating the decline in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in CNS and thereby it reduces the risks of lipid peroxidation.pc 1999 Academic Press@p$hr     

填肾精消癥法对卵巢癌术后化疗后患者的减毒减复作用

依据卵巢癌术后化疗后患者肾精亏虚、癥瘕未尽的内在体质,及正虚与癥瘕之间相互转化的病理机制创立了填肾精消癥法,并以此组成理冲生髓饮方,扶正消癥,最终达到减毒减复的作用。减毒即减轻卵巢癌患者在化疗中的毒副反应,减复即减缓肿瘤的复发。     

降低剖宫产策略

剖宫产的正确使用应该基于全民对母亲安全和改善卫生保健的主动性上,中国剖宫产率(cesarean section rate,CSR)的下降需要依托公众医务人员和管理人员的教育、卫生行政部门的政策倾斜以及政府的资金和医疗保险支持等,以建设一个科学的产科管理和干预体系。     

毒蛇咬伤早期多处减张切开引流的治疗体会

目的： 目的分析早期多处减张切开引流治疗毒蛇咬伤的疗效.方法： 回顾我院2004年-2009年收治的毒蛇咬伤25例患者的临床资料,分析其疗效.结果：本组20例患者经早期多处减张切开引流治疗后,均取得了满意的效果,平均治愈天数11天,无一例死亡.结论： 毒蛇咬伤早期多处减张切开引流可及早排除局部残留的蛇毒,防止毒液继续蔓延,改善全身症状,缩短疗程.     

三线减张鼻中隔成形术与鼻中隔黏膜下切除术对比分析

目的 探讨鼻内窥镜下三线减张鼻中隔成形术在鼻中隔偏曲矫正中的优越性.方法 对研究组48例行三线减张鼻中隔成形术,并与对照组43例行鼻中隔黏膜下切除术(Killian手术)患者进行对比分析.结果 随访3个月至1年,研究组术后均取得良好疗效,所有患者临床症状消失;对照组术后鼻中隔穿孔1例,鼻腔粘连2例,形成鞍鼻1例.两组术后并发症发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 与Killian手术相比,在鼻内镜下行三线减张鼻中隔成形术简单易行,治疗效果好,充分发挥了其功能性、精细性及微创性,鼻中隔畸形矫正充分,有利于术后鼻腔代偿性改变向着生理状态转化,最终恢复鼻腔-鼻窦生理功能.     

住院慢性精神分裂症衰退期患者的停药观察

目的：探讨长期住院的慢性精神分裂症衰退期患者是否可以停用抗精神病药物。方法：符合慢性精神分裂症衰退期患者70例,逐步停服抗精神病药物,一般分2～3次逐步减量,最终完全停药;对停药过程中病情不稳者暂缓减量,分步逐年减量,一般在每年的夏天进行药物减量,共进行4年临床观察。用自制的《慢性精神分裂症服药观察表》每年对每位患者进行服药等一般情况的登记;用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）、住院精神病人社会功能评定量表（SSPI）于入组前、人组后的每一年、结束时,对每一位患者进行精神症状和社会功能评定。结果：4年问,成功停药14人（占总人数21％）,而大部分患者（53人,占79％）在药物减量过程中因病情有波动,故没有完成停药,仍需药物维持治疗。在停药的种类中氯氮平和利培酮没有成功停用,只完成减量。人组前后精神症状无明显恶化,PANSS量表的总分、阳性因子分、阴性因子分、一般病理因子分均呈减分趋势,差异有显著性（P〈0．01）,社会功能（SSPI）在减药过程中无明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论：慢性精神分裂症衰退期患者有小部分人可以停用抗精神病药物,而大多数仍需小剂量维持治疗。服氯氮平者多不适应停药。     

Evaluation of antinociceptive effects of Crassocephalum bauchiense Hutch (Asteraceae) leaf extract in rodents

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The leaves of Crassocephalum bauchiense have long been used in traditional Cameroonian medicine for the treatment of epilepsy, pain, inflammatory disorders, arthritis and intestinal pain.

Aim of the study

In this study, we attempted to identify the possible antinociceptive action of the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction prepared from the leaves of Crassocephalum baucheiense.

Materials and methods

Using acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions, formalin-, capsaisin- and glutamate-induced nociception, and hot plate assay procedures, the antinociceptive effects of the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction was assessed after oral administration in mice. Morphine sulfate was used as reference analgesic agent. Mice were submitted to the rota-rod task and open-field test in order to assess any non-specific muscle-relaxant or sedative effects of the extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense. Male and female Swiss mice were used to assess acute toxicity of these extracts.

Results

The aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction of Crassocephalum bauchiense produced a significant antinociceptive effects in the acetic acid, formalin, glutamate, capsaicin and hot plate tests. These antinociceptive effects of Crassocephalum bauchiense were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with naloxone. The extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense did not alter the locomotion of animals in the open-field or rotarod tests, which suggest a lack of a central depressant effect. The animals did not exhibit any acute toxicity to the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction, so it was not possible to calculate the LD₅₀.

Conclusion

The results confirm the popular use of Crassocephalum bauchiense as an antinociceptive, and contribute to the pharmacological knowledge of this species because it was shown that the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction of Crassocephalum bauchiense produced dose related antinociception in models of chemical and thermal nociception through mechanisms that involve an interaction with opioidergic pathway.     

发挥组织优势，落实国家“减少百万新发残疾工程”

“减少百万新发残疾工程”（以下简称“百万减残工程”）是未来一个时期内全国卒中防治的重要抓手，旨在减少卒中发病后的致残概率和程度，降低因病造成的社会风险与家庭负担。2021年6月，国家卫生健康委、教育部、工业和信息化部、财政部、交通运输部、商务部、国家广电总局、国家医保局、国家中医药局、国家药监局等10部门决定实施加强脑卒中防治工作减少百万新发残疾工程，并联合制定了《加强脑卒中防治工作减少百万新发残疾工程综合方案》。全面了解和认识百万减残工程，深刻领会和掌握其意义，将对我们未来做好相关工作起到关键的指导作用。     

高渗脱水药物对大鼠脑皮质优化散射系数的影响及其临床意义

目的利用内置双光纤微创探头的近红外测量(NIRS)技术观察高渗脱水药物对大鼠脑皮质优化散射系数(μ′s)的影响。方法将SD大鼠随机分成3组:对照组(n=15)尾静脉推注0.9%氯化钠,甘露醇组(n=15)尾静脉推注20%甘露醇,7.5%氯化钠组(n=15)尾静脉推注7.5%氯化钠;剂量均为10 m l.kg-1。使用内置双光纤微创探头活体在位连续动态观察大鼠局部脑皮质μ′s的变化情况。结果对照组静脉推注0.9%氯化钠前后大鼠脑皮质μ′s未见明显变化,甘露醇组和7.5%氯化钠组μ′s分别下降了(2.67±0.35)%和(5.62±0.46)%;甘露醇组与7.5%氯化钠组与对照组之间、甘露醇组与7.5%氯化钠组之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大鼠脑皮质局部μ′s可以作为高渗药物脱水作用的评估指标之一。     

提高ICU护士法律意识 减少医疗纠纷

目的探讨提高ICU护士法律意识的方法,有效减少医疗纠纷.方法认真查找ICU护理工作中潜在性的医疗纠纷,采取从法律角度规范护理记录,加强责任心,尊重患者的合法权益,培养护士的法律意识等措施.结果有效减少了医疗纠纷发生.结论提高护士的法律意识、自我保护意识、维护病人权益意识,是减少医疗纠纷的重要措施.