Determining the anxiety and depression levels of pre-dialysis patients in eastern Turkey

Background: This study aimed to characterize the onset of psychopathological manifestations before dialysis in patients with chronic renal disease, thus contributing to the nursing care of these patients. Subjects and methods: A total of 120 patients registered at the Atatürk University Medical School who fulfilled the eligibility criteria and provided informed consent were included in this study. Results: The majority of the participants, 63.4% were female, 50.0% were 39 years of age or older, 70.0% were married, 80.0% had no current occupation, 56.7% were high school graduates, and 48.3% did not know the cause of their disease. As indicated, 35.0% of the subjects had a depression score over the threshold level, with an average score of 8.53?±?2.45, while patients with scores over the threshold for anxiety made up 53.4%, with an average score of 11.45?±?3.56. Conclusion: This study shows the presence of psychopathological problems before patients are started on dialysis. Therefore, nurses may alleviate pre-dialysis patients’ fears and provide the necessary support to cope with anxiety and depression, thereby raising the patients’ quality of life.     

Diagnostic delay in lung cancer: a qualitative study

Title. Diagnostic delay in lung cancer: a qualitative study Aim. This paper is a report of a study to identify factors influencing delay in reporting symptoms of lung cancer. Background. Lung cancer accounts for approximately 5% of deaths in the Western world. For up to 80% of patients, their disease is inoperable because it has been diagnosed too late. This suggests that reducing diagnostic delay could reduce mortality. Methods. This qualitative study was conducted from July 2005 to May 2006 in community and hospital settings in the United Kingdom. A purposive sample of people diagnosed with lung cancer in the previous 6 months (n = 18), and two 18‐month survivors took part in individual interviews. Findings. Participants reported a range of interrelating factors that influenced delay in reporting symptoms of lung cancer. Barriers to symptom reporting included symptom experience, lack of knowledge and fear. Blame and stigma because of smoking were also prevalent influences, as well as cultural factors, non‐standard patterns of healthcare utilization and underlying stoical attitudes. The only factor to emerge as helpful in overcoming delay was the role families played. Conclusion. Lack of knowledge and awareness about lung cancer could be addressed by better education of the public. Social marketing is a way of developing education messages which tackle cultural influences on treatment‐seeking delay. Nurses have a potential role in developing and disseminating those messages.     

儿童孤独症的研究进展

从病因、临床表现、治疗及护理干预方面,对儿童孤独症的研究进展进行综述,提出综合干预的重要性。     

新生儿舒适护理研究进展

阐述了体位对早产儿呼吸系统、胃肠道功能及心理的影响，沐浴、体温测量对新生儿皮肤有影响。提出保护性措施可减轻对患儿的伤害，提高其舒适度。     

不同性别偏执型精神分裂症患者的护士观察量表评定结果及护理对策

目的　探讨护士观察量表在对不同性别偏执型精神分裂症患者制定护理对策中的应用价值。方法　用护士观察量表对男女 2组偏执型精神分裂症患者进行评定 ,对照分析 2组间的因子分及问题条目。结果　共完成病例10 0例 ,男女各 5 0例 ,2组患者的社会能力、激惹、迟滞、精神病、抑郁 5个因子差异具有显著性意义 ;条目分析 ,男性组问题少 (6个 )而集中 (归于社会兴趣与个人整洁 2个因子 ) ;女性组问题多 (12个 )而分散 (归于社会兴趣、迟滞、个人整洁、激惹和社会能力 5个因子 )。结论　护士观察量表可为临床护理工作提供量化、客观的观察指标。不同性别偏执型精神分裂症患者应采用不同的护理对策。     

基层医院基础护理操作中存在的问题及对策

目的提高基层医院临床基础护理操作水平。方法通过探讨基层医院基础护理操作中存在的问题,提出管理和培训对策并加以实施。结果临床基础护理操作达到医院分级管理标准。结论健全教学管理组织,打破传统的质量控制方法;加强对掌握规范操作重要性的认识;改进培训方法;补充新知识、引进新思维等是提高基层医院临床基础护理操作水平的重要举措。     

前馈控制与护理安全盲点关系的研究

目的:应用前馈控制管理理论、方法,以减少或避免护理安全隐患的发生,以保证病人的安全。方法:以分析我院近3年护理缺陷原因为基础,对我市426名三级甲等医院在职护理人员进行护理安全影响因素认知程度的问卷调查,并采用SPSS10.0软件进行资料处理。结果:护理管理的主观因素对护理安全的影响认知程度最高。病房环境因素对护理安全的影响未被临床护理人员重视。年龄及工作年限与护理人员对影响护理安全的某些因素的认同程度呈负相关。结论:护理管理者要重视护理工作中的安全管理,确保护理安全。(P<0.01)     

儿童外伤性白内障50例临床分析及护理

[目的]通过对儿童外伤性白内障围术期相关护理因素的分析,确定患儿的心理特征及健康需求。[方法]对不同年龄段患儿采用了不同的护理措施。[结果]通过对外伤性白内障患儿的护理,使之能最好的配合手术,50例儿童外伤性白内障手术前后矫正视力比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=32.29,P<0.05)。[结论]采用针对性的围术期护理措施,是取得良好治疗效果保障之一。