中西医结合治疗急性胰腺炎伴胃肠功能障碍疗效评价研究

目的探讨中西医结合治疗急性胰腺炎（AP）伴胃肠功能障碍的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析377例AP临床资料,按治疗方法分为中西医结合组和西医组,对比分析2组胃肠功能改善的差异性。结果中西医结合组在腹胀缓解时间、自主排便好转时间、肠鸣音好转时间方面均优于西医组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论中西医结合治疗可显著改善AP患者的胃肠功能。     

Xenohormesis:从进化与生态角度理解中药的生物效应

Xenohormesis解释了为何植物受环境胁迫后产生的次生代谢产物能提高取食动物的胁迫耐受性与生存机会,认为在自然选择压力下动物保留着感知这些胁迫信号分子的能力,从而激活进化保守性的细胞应激响应机制,提高逆境适应力.该文在介绍Xenohormesis效应概念与机制,分析总结植物与昆虫及人类的Xenohormesis效应关系的基础上,以人参为例阐述了中药Xenohormesis效应,认为借鉴Xenohormesis理论能从进化与生态角度理解中药生物效应的本质,对中药现代化研究具重要价值.     

附子毒-效关系探析

应用附子要以"得附子之益,去附子之损"为原则,正所谓"正有毒以祛毒,非无毒以治有毒也"。附子之毒与效密不可分,是以毒攻毒治法的具体体现,辨证地看待附子的毒-效关系,从而对今后附子的临床合理应用提供一定的借鉴。     

Percutaneous Absorption of Nicardipine and Ketorolac in Rhesus Monkeys

Vehicle effects on the percutaneous absorption of nicardipine base, nicardipine hydrochloride, ketorolac acid, and ketorolac tromethamine were determined using the rhesus monkey as an in vivo model for human skin penetration. Vehicles investigated included blends of propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, ethanol, Azone, Tween 20, water, and long-chain fatty acids. Formulations were prepared such that the compound dose, application area, and percentage saturation of the compound in the vehicle were held constant. Variations in absorption of the compounds were therefore attributable to vehicle effects. Each formulation was applied to three monkeys for a period of 24 hr using 10 Hill Top Chambers. Plasma samples were taken at appropriate intervals for 36 to 48 hr. The results indicated that trimethylene glycol and Tween 20 did not enhance absorption of the test compounds despite claims by other investigators. Azone and ethanol provided moderate enhancement of both the rate and the extent of absorption, while long-chain fatty acids in combination with propylene glycol significantly enhanced penetration. In general, higher fluxes were observed with the more lipophilic compounds nicardipine base and ketorolac acid as compared to the hydrochloride and tromethamine salts.     

龙胆苦苷药学研究进展及其临床配伍应用

目的综述龙胆苦苷的药学进展及临床配伍应用。方法查阅近20年的文献资料,总结龙胆苦苷的成分、结构、理化性质、药理作用、药代动力学研究及其临床应用情况。结果龙胆苦苷具有良好的抗炎、镇痛,保肝利胆和健胃养胃等作用;在体内分布较快,消除、排泄也较快。结论龙胆苦苷在临床上具有较高的应用价值,为开发新药及临床应用提供一定的参考。     

Dose-dependent impairment in the performance of a go-no go successive discrimination by chlordiazepoxide

After learning a light-cued, go-no go successive discrimination to criterion, male Sprague-Dawley rats received 0, 5, or 10 mg/kg chlordiazepoxide on six performance sessions, followed by two drug-recovery (saline) sessions. Chlordiazepoxide impaired discrimination performance in a dose-dependent manner, with animals in the 5 mg/kg dose condition demonstrating tolerance to the drug after two performance sessions. The degree of discrimination impairment in both drug dose conditions paralleled an increase in responding during no-go phases of the performance task. These findings are consistent with a disinhibitory hypothesis of performance impairment and suggest that CDP-drugged animals have difficulty in withholding incorrect responses.These data were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, San Antonio, Texas, 1984     

Phenolic acid protects of renal damage induced by ochratoxin A in a 28-days-oral treatment in rats

The present study aimed to characterize the chlorogenic acid (ChlA) capacity to reverse the toxic effects induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) in a subacute toxicity test in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed orally by gavage for 28 days with OTA (0.4 mg/kg bw/day), ChlA (5 mg/kg bw/day) or the combination OTA (0.4 mg/kg bw/day) + ChlA (5 mg/kg bw/day). No deaths, no decrease in feed intake or body weight in any experimental group were recorded. The negative control group and the animals treated with ChlA alone showed no changes in any parameters evaluated. In OTA-treated group significant changes such as decrease in urine volume, proteinuria, occult blood, increase in serum creatinine values; decrease in absolute and relative kidney weight and characteristics histopathological lesions that indicated kidney damage were observed. However, limited effect on oxidative stress parameters were detected in kidneys of OTA-treated group. Animals treated with the combination OTA + ChlA were showed as negative control group in the evaluation of several parameters of toxicity. In conclusion, ChlA, at given concentration, improved biochemical parameters altered in urine and serum and pathological damages in kidneys induced by OTA exposure, showing a good protective activity, but not by an apparent antioxidant mechanism.     

Quality of Life of People with Epilepsy: A European Study

Summary: Purpose: To study the impact of epilepsy and its treatment on people with epilepsy in Europe. We therefore aimed to collect data from as many countries as possible.
Methods: Clinical and demographic details and information about psychosocial functioning was collected using self-completed questionnaires mailed to members of epilepsy support groups.
Results: Quality of life data was collected from >5,000 patients living in 15 countries in Europe. Over a third of all respondents had frequent seizures, and a fifth believed that their seizures were not well enough controlled by antiepileptic medication. Reported levels of side effects from medication were high. A significant number of respondents reported changing their medication because of side effects or poor control. Respondents reported that epilepsy and its treatment had a significant impact on a number of different aspects of their daily lives. Half of all respondents felt stigmatised by their epilepsy. There were significant differences by seizure type and frequency in the way respondents scored on measures of the perceived impact of their condition, the stigma associated with it and their health status as measured by a generic scale, the SF36.
Conclusions: This study confirms the findings of previous smaller-scale studies that reducing side effects and achieving better control of seizures are key to improving the quality of life of people with epilepsy, as is reducing the stigma and handicap associated with it.     

SMAD2/3蛋白在沙鼠脑缺血再灌注及氟桂利嗪干预后脑内表达的研究

目的 研究smad2/3在沙鼠脑缺血再灌注脑内表达及氟桂利嗪干预后对其表达的影响.方法 35只沙鼠随机分假手术组、缺血再灌注组和氟桂利嗪治疗组3组,采用夹闭双侧颈总动脉制作沙鼠脑缺血再灌注模型,于缺血10 min再灌注1 d、3 d、7 d各时间点处死动物,用免疫组化方法检测各组沙鼠脑内smad2/3的表达情况.结果 假手术组沙鼠脑内smad2/3弱阳性表达,而缺血再灌注1 d,3 d,7 d后沙鼠脑内呈阳性或强阳性表达,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);氟桂利嗪治疗组smad2/3的表达低于缺血再灌注组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 沙鼠脑内有smad2/3表达,脑缺血再灌注后,脑内smad2/3表达上调;氟桂利嗪干预后,其表达下调.     

紫杉醇不良反应及合理用药探析

目的探讨紫杉醇各类不良反应的发生频率及应对措施,促进合理用药。方法回顾分析我院82例住院肿瘤患者在使用紫杉醇治疗过程中出现的不良反应,并进行分级统计。结果紫杉醇不良反应主要为骨髓抑制、过敏反应、消化道反应、神经毒性等。结论及时应对紫杉醇化疗时引起的不良反应,从而增加患者的依从性、耐受性,有助于此药在基层医院的推广应用。