计算机视野检查在前部缺血性视神经病变疗效评价中的作用

目的 探讨计算机视野检查在前部缺血性视神经病变疗效评价中的作用。方法 对前部缺血性视神经病变患者60例(84眼)治疗前后均采用对数视力表和计算机视野计分别做视力及视野检测,并进行分析。结果 经药物治疗1个月后,治愈24眼(28．6%)、显效16眼(19．0%)、有效8眼(9．5%)、无效36眼(43.0%);治疗无效的36眼中有24眼视力无提高但视野缺损范围缩小40%以上,患者自觉症状好转,原视野缺损处光敏度回升,平均光敏度(MS)明显提高,平均缺损(MD)、丢失方差(LV)明显下降,治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 计算机视野是评价前部缺血性视神经病变疗效的一个重要指标,视野的改变比视力的变化更能明确治疗效果。     

Assessment of the Impact of Ionizing Radiation Absorption on the Structural,Mechanical and Biophysical Properties of Textiles Used in Multilayer Space Suit

The article presents research on ergonomics, biophysical comfort and safety of protective clothing. The resistance of the structural, thermal and mechanical properties of five fabrics (CBXS400, GG200T, Twaron CT736, Dyneema HB26 and T1790C), differing in geometry and raw material composition used in space suits, to dangerous ionizing radiation (β and γ) occurring in space was tested. For both types of radiation, four identical one-time doses in the range of 25–100 kGy were used. The effect of the applied absorbed doses of β and γ radiation on the parameters of textiles influencing ergonomics and safety of the cosmonaut’s work was verified by structural tests (micro-computed tomography and optical microcopy), thermal resistance tests (sweating guarded-hotplate) and strength tests (tensile testing machine). Experimental studies of thermal properties are supplemented with heat transport simulations using the finite volume method performed with 3D models of real textiles. The greatest reduction of thermal resistance for Twaron CT736 (−0.0667 m²·°C·W⁻¹ for 100 kGy of β-radiation) and Dyneema HB26 (−0.0347 m²·°C·W⁻¹ for 50 kGy of β-radiation) is observed. Strength tests have shown that all tested textiles are resistant to both types of radiation. Three textiles were selected to create a three-layer assembly with potential application in a cosmonaut’s glove (Extravehicular Activity—EVA).     

Cross-Cultural Applicability of FACES IV

We studied cross-cultural Hungarian adaptation and validation of FACES IV for screening adaptive versus nonadaptive family functioning. A protocol was followed including translation, tests of reliability, construct and convergent validity, standardization, testing of family types, and ratios. Two hundred forty-nine couples (498 adults) from various regions of the country participated in the study. Results indicated high item–remainder correlations and Cronbach alphas. Factor analytic data fitted well with the model indicated by the Olson studies. Most salient results were found for Cohesion, which partially overlapped Flexibility, and had high negative correlations with the Disengaged dimension. Rigid and Chaotic as well as Enmeshed were found to be independent factors. Family types of the Hungarian sample explored by cluster analysis were comparable to the U.S. sample.     

升降散对脓毒症大鼠肾功能的影响

目的：探讨升降散对脓毒症大鼠肾功能的影响。方法：采用盲肠结扎穿孔术（CLP）制备脓毒症模型。健康SD大鼠80只按随机数字表法分为正常组、假手术组、脓毒症组和升降散治疗组,后三组又分为术后6 h、12 h和24 h 3个时间点亚组,每组8只。在造模前72 h开始灌胃给药或生理盐水,连续3 d。术后按各时间点观察存活率,检测各组血清肌酐（Cr）,采用放射免疫分析法测定血清胱抑素C（Cys-C）、白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平,通过HE染色后光镜观察各组大鼠肾组织形态学变化。结果：与脓毒症组比较,CLP 24 h升降散治疗组大鼠存活率较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;CLP 6 h时血清Cys-C、TNF-α和CLP 12 h、24 h时血清Cys-C、TNF-α、IL-6水平明显下降,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;升降散可减轻肾组织形态学损伤,阻止损伤范围进一步扩大。结论：升降散对脓毒症大鼠肾功能具有保护作用,其作用环节可能与抑制TNF-α、IL-6等炎症因子的释放有关。     

麻醉诱导期罗库溴胺与阿曲库胺不同注射速度对血流动力学的影响

目的观察腹腔镜胆囊切除手术麻醉诱导期不同注射速度的罗库溴胺与阿曲库胺对血流动力学的影响。方法57例择期进行腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的患者随机分为R1、R2、A1、A2四组。监测并记录诱导前,肌松药注射后1、3min及手术结束时的平均动脉压（MBP）、心率（HR）,同时评估插管条件。结果A,组中,肌松药注射后1、3min的MBP比诱导前有明显下降,HR明显增快。其他各组MBP、HR未观察到明显变化。各组手术结束时的MBP、HR与诱导前比较,差异无统计学意义。结论麻醉诱导时快速注射罗库溴胺与阿曲库胺,阿曲库胺明显影响血流动力学。     

天香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究

目的:探讨天香丹冲剂预处理对大鼠急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法:Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为正常对照组(不做任何处理)、实验对照组(生理盐水灌胃)以及天香丹低、高剂量组(天香丹分别为0.38g/250g体重、1.5g/250g体重,灌胃10d),实验对照组和天香丹低、高剂量组手术致心肌缺血,检测复灌后各组心电图ST段的变化、左室内压上升和下降最大速率(±dp/dtmax),复灌结束后颈动脉取血并切取心脏,心脏切片后0.1%TTC染色,检测心肌梗死范围及各组血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:与实验对照组相比,天香丹高剂量组心肌梗死面积减小较为显著,ST段回落明显(P<0.05~0.01),±dp/dtmax明显升高,GSH-Px的活性明显增强,MDA含量降低(P<0.01);天香丹低剂量组GSH-Px活性和MDA含量没有明显变化。结论:天香丹冲剂预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤有一定的保护作用。     

喜炎平注射液联合头孢呋辛钠治疗小儿肺炎的临床效果

目的：探讨喜炎平注射液联合头孢呋辛钠治疗小儿肺炎的疗效。方法：选取本院2013年1月-2014年7月收治的80例小儿肺炎患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字列表法将其分为研究组和对照组,每组40例。对照组单纯采用头孢呋辛钠进行治疗,研究组在对照组的治疗基础上联合喜炎平注射液进行治疗,7 d为一疗程。治疗1个疗程后,观察比较两组患儿的临床疗效、临床症状消失时间、住院天数及并发症发生情况。结果：经1个疗程的治疗后,研究组的治疗总有效率97.5%明显高于对照组的80.0%,且患儿发热症状、咳嗽及胸部湿啰音等临床症状消失时间及住院天数均明显短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。而两组患儿的并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：对小儿肺炎患者采用喜炎平注射液联合头孢呋辛钠进行治疗具有良好的临床疗效,患儿的症状消退时间和住院时间短,且不会增加并发症的发生率,值得在临床上进一步推广。     

The Influence of Face Shields on the Quality of Colonoscopy in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background/AimsThe worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led endoscopists to use personal protective equipment (PPE) for infection prevention. This study aimed to investigate whether wearing a face shield as PPE affects the quality of colonoscopy.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records and colonoscopy findings of patients who underwent colonoscopies at Asan Medical Center, Korea from March 10 to May 31, 2020. The colonoscopies in this study were performed by five gastroenterology fellows and four expert endoscopists. We compared colonoscopy quality indicators, such as withdrawal time, adenoma detection rate (ADR), mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC), polypectomy time, and polypectomy adverse events, both before and after face shields were added as PPE on April 13, 2020.ResultsOf the 1,344 colonoscopies analyzed, 715 and 629 were performed before and after the introduction of face shields, respectively. The median withdrawal time was similar between the face shield and no-face shield groups (8.72 minutes vs 8.68 minutes, p=0.816), as was the ADR (41.5% vs 39.8%, p=0.605) and APC (0.72 vs 0.77, p=0.510). Polypectomy-associated quality indicators, such as polypectomy time and polypectomy adverse events were also not different between the groups. Quality indicators were not different between the face shield and no-face shield groups of gastroenterology fellows, or of expert endoscopists.ConclusionsColonoscopy performance was not unfavorably affected by the use of a face shield. PPE, including face shields, can be recommended without a concern about colonoscopy quality deterioration.     

痛风动物模型研究现状及其中医药治疗特点

目的:探讨痛风动物模型的制作方法、特点及中医药在痛风病治疗中的优势。方法:通过对痛风动物模型的系统回顾,对模型制作的现状、常用模型的特点及应用进行归纳及评价;对痛风的中西医治疗方法及常用药物进行分析,分析中医药治疗痛风疗效的优劣。结果:现有痛风动物模型存在一些不足,新的痛风模型应结果多种造模因素;中药治疗痛风具有明显优势。结论:通过复合因素可完善痛风模型,加强中医药临床研究同时提高防治痛风的疗效。     

替吉奥联合奥沙利铂化疗治疗老年胃癌疗效观察

目的 探讨替吉奥联合奥沙利铂化疗方案对老年胃癌患者临床疗效、毒副反应及肿瘤内分泌指标的影响.方法 选取2013年6月至2016年5月我院收治的82例老年胃癌患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组41例.对照组采用5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)+奥沙利铂+亚叶酸钙方案治疗,每21 d为一个疗程,共治疗3个疗程;观察组采用替吉奥+奥沙利铂方案治疗,每21 d为一个疗程,共治疗3个疗程.3个疗程治疗结束后比较两组患者的临床疗效、毒副反应及治疗前、后肿瘤内分泌指标.结果 观察组患者的治疗总有效率为53.66%,明显高于对照组的31.71%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组和对照组患者治疗期间白细胞减少Ⅰ、Ⅱ度发生率(34.15%vs 60.98%、7.32%vs 24.39%)、中性粒细胞减少Ⅰ、Ⅱ度发生率(26.83%vs 48.79%、4.88%vs 24.39%)、恶心呕吐Ⅰ、Ⅱ度发生率(46.34%vs 73.17%、2.44%vs 19.51)比较,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗前的肿瘤内分泌指标VEGFA、VEGFC、sVEGFR-1水平分别为(209.86±89.47)ng/L、(90.23±19.28)ng/L、(214.37±45.86)ng/L,分别与对照组的(203.15±82.66)ng/L、(87.26±21.35)ng/L、(217.53±49.81)ng/L比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者治疗后的肿瘤内分泌指标VEGFA、VEGFC、sVEGFR-1水平分别为(103.88±68.51)ng/L、(38.16±10.57)ng/L、(537.48±61.32)ng/L,均低于对照组的(165.53±75.42)ng/L、(47.48±11.96)ng/L、(493.64±67.59)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 替吉奥联合奥沙利铂化疗能有效提高老年胃癌患者的临床疗效,并减轻毒副反应和改善肿瘤内分泌功能.