针刺治疗皮质下动脉硬化性脑病的临床研究

目的 :观察针刺治疗皮质下动脉硬化性脑病 (SAE)的疗效。方法 :将 5 7例SAE病人随机分为针刺组和对照组 (静点胞二磷胆碱 ) ,观察比较治疗前后的差异及组间差异。结果 :针刺组治疗前后差异显著 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,但与对照组之间无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :针刺能改善SAE病人的智能 ,对老年期痴呆是有效而可靠的治疗手段之一。     

儿童白内障术后远期结果的研究进展

本文对近几年一些学者对儿童白内障远期随访结果进行了综述和评价。手术时机选择、儿童特殊的屈光变化以及如何精确测定儿童植入人工晶状体性能及屈光度都对儿童白内障术后远期视功能产生影响。慢性青光眼是儿童白内障术后远期丧失视力的主要原因。长期弱视治疗是获得手术成功的保证之一。因此，要真正获得有用的视功能，应重视儿童白内障手术后的后续治疗，并提议应建立完善的白内障术后追踪随访和弱视治疗机构。     

The use of restricted spectral range red lenses for the diagnosis and relief of dazzlement of a rod monochromat

An infant rod monochromat was diagnosed and was then treated with the Younger PLS 550 lens. The comparison in use of PLS 550 and a neutral density lens confirmed the presence of cone dysfunction. The use of this lens takes advantage of the spectral shift in luminosity between rods and cones. Younger PLS 550 and PLS 530 tints are used for the relief of photophobia according to prevailing brightness. This paper discusses patient management with the use of these lenses and some characteristics of the vision of a rod monochromat.     

Tenotomy prevents the functional improvement of a muscle reinnervated with a chronically severed nerve

During the early stages of nerve implantation, we followed the dynamic properties of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle of the rat, reinnervated with an acutely or chronically severed peroneal nerve. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether (1) the better functional recovery of a muscle reinnervated by a chronically severed foreign nerve is present from the onset of reinnervation, and (2) whether such functional improvement is due to the conditioning lesion effect. Our results indicate that better functional recovery is already apparent one week after nerve implantation, and it is due to the conditioning lesion effect, since tenotomy prevents such improvement. The tenotomy effect underlines the fact that some environmental factors concerning the target tissue, and not only the predegenerated nerve, are involved in the conditioning effect. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Protective genes expressed in endothelial cells of second hamster heart transplants to rats carrying an accommodated first graft

Abstract: Accommodation refers to survival of a xenograft despite the presence of anti-donor organ antibodies and complement. We have recently shown that accommodation of a hamster heart transplanted to a rat receiving short-term cobra venom factor (CVF) and continuing cyclosporine A (CyA) therapy is associated with i) the expression in the endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells of the graft of a number of "protective" genes, ii) a prominent intragraft Th2 cytokine profile, and iii) the relatively heavy deposition of IgG2c antibodies on the EC of the graft. In contrast, rejecting grafts do not express the protective genes, have a Th1 cytokine profile, and apparently have lesser amounts of IgG2c. These findings are consistent with host factors (Th2 cytokines and IgG2c) contributing to xenograft accommodation. To test whether these host factors may predispose to the development of accommodation, we placed a second hamster heart into each of 12 rats carrying a surviving first heart; recipients were, at the time, receiving only CyA. Whereas first grafts transplanted to rats receiving only CyA survive for 3 to 4 days, 11 out of 12 second transplants survived more than 20 days, and the other survived for 7 days. Nine of the twelve were not rejected: of these, four were removed between day 35 and 132 for study, and the remainder are still beating at 35 to 52 days. The surviving second hearts we studied had accommodated in that the picture on immunopathology was the same as for surviving first hearts. We suggest that the Th2 cytokines and perhaps the IgG2c response are factors in allowing prolonged survival of the second grafts and, further, that these factors contribute to the expression in the EC and smooth muscle cells of the surviving second hearts of the protective genes.     

4种头孢菌素的抗生素后效应影响因素

目的：研究头孢呋辛（ＣＸＭ）、头孢噻肟（ＣＴＸ）、头孢哌酮（ＣＰＺ）、头孢地嗪（ＣＤＺＭ）的抗生素后效应及药物浓度、接触时间、菌种等因素的影响。方法：采用ＡＶＡＮＴＡＧＥ全勇自动微生物分析仪、用光密度法测定４种抗生素不同浓度对２种共１２株临床常见致病菌不同反应时间的体外抗生素后效应（ＰＡＥ）。结果：４种头孢菌素类药物对革兰阳性球菌有较明显的ＰＡＥ，对革兰阴性杆菌ＰＡＥ较小甚至没有或为负值；药物浓度     

江苏省肾综合征出血热单价灭活疫苗中期免疫效果观察

观察HFRS单价灭活疫苗中期免疫效果。方法：采用IFAT法及MCPENT法检测荧光抗体及中和抗体。结果：3个试区加强接种人数分别为4052、4407和6354人。加强后，Ⅰ型苗荧光抗体阳性率为72．73％，GMT为14.14；中和抗体阳性率为54．55％，GMT为6．67。D型苗荧光抗体阳性率为75.00％，GMT为11.85；中和抗体阳性率为60％，GMT为9．44。加强后1年，Ⅰ型苗年均保护率为65．52％，Ⅱ型苗则为94．24％。同期，Ⅰ型苗荧光抗体阳性率维持在40％，中和抗体维持在35．00％；Ⅱ型苗荧光抗体阳性率降至10．34％，中和抗体维持在53．85％。结论：两型疫苗均有较好的中期防病效果。     

Triazolam-induced changes in alcoholic thought processes

 This study was designed to examine and contrast cognitive effects (explicit memory and access to semantic knowledge) of the benzodiazepine Halcion (triazolam) in ten normal volunteers and ten cognitively unimpaired detoxified alcoholics. The two groups were indistinguishable from one another under placebo conditions on all measures of cognitive functioning. Under Halcion test conditions (0.375 mg PO), both groups were about equally impaired in their recall of to-be-remembered information. However, alcoholics, were more likely to recall information that they were not asked to remember (intrusion errors) on all measures of explicit remembering. Alcoholics also generated relatively uncommon (low frequency) responses from semantic memory, rather than common, categorically related associations in response to stimuli such as types of vegetables, flowers, and fruit following the administration of Halcion, but were not different from normal volunteers in the types of responses generated under placebo conditions. These findings suggest that a drug challenge that simulates many of the effects of acute alcohol administration induces alcoholics to think and remember differently (qualitatively) from normal volunteers. Received: 7 July 1997 / Final version: 22 September 1997     

Effect of haemodialysis on serum levels of tumour markers in patients with end-stage renal failure

SUMMARY: We studied the effect of haemodialysis on the serum levels of tumour markers in 78 patients, 49 men and 29 women with a mean age of 61 ± 2 years, who had been undergoing haemodialysis for 39 ± 10 months. No patient had any clinical evidence of malignancy. Serum values of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), squamous-cell-carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), CA 15-3, CA 19–9, and among males prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were determined before and after dialysis. Postdialysis values, after being corrected for haemoconcentration, were compared with predialysis values. A significant increase of 32% was observed in NSE levels ( P <0.001) and of 21% in CA 15-3 ( P <0.001) after haemodialysis. A lesser, but still statistically significant, increase (8-12%) was observed in SCC, AFP and CEA levels ( P <0.05), while the values of the remaining three markers remained unchanged. In conclusion, an increase in some tumour markers was found in our patients after dialysis, a finding which requires further investigation.     

Involvement of Ca+ mobilization in the amplifying effect of serotonin on responses of rabbit isolated ear artery to exogenous noradrenaline

Summary The present study examined the involvement of Ca⁺ mobilization in the amplifying effect of serotonin on steady-state responses of rabbit isolated perfused ear artery to exogenous noradrenaline (NA; 0.001–3 ol/l). In contrast to its marked amplifying effect on responses to NA, serotonin in the subconstrictor concentration of 100 nmol/l had no effect on responses to KCl. The Ca⁺-entry blocking drug diltiazem (10 gmol/1) decreased responses to NA; in addition, the amplifying effect of serotonin on responses to NA was reduced by diltiazem. Lowering the concentration of Ca⁺ in the Krebs-Henseleit perfusion solution from 2.5 to 0.25 mmol/l also reduced both responses to NA and the amplifying effect of serotonin. Using the method of Manzini et al. (1982), separate intra- and extracellular Ca⁺-dependent responses to NA were obtained. Serotonin had no effect on intracellular Ca⁺-dependent responses to NA but enhanced extracellular Ca²⁺-dependent NA responses. These results suggest that the amplifying effect of serotonin on responses of rabbit ear artery to exogenous NA involves a selective enhancement of the component of the NA response which is dependent on extracellular Ca⁺; serotonin may increase NA-evoked entry of Ca²⁺ into the vascular smooth muscle cells through receptor-operated Ca⁺ channels. Send offprint requests to A. G. Meehan at the above address