LONG‐TERM OUTCOME OF ENDOSCOPIC BALLOON DILATION IN OBSTRUCTIVE GASTROINTESTINAL CROHN's DISEASE

Background: Gastrointestinal strictures are the most often and serious complication in Crohn's disease. Because of the frequent postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease, endoscopic therapy of gastrointestinal stricture is one of the best therapeutic options. Method: The present study sets out the results from a prospective study of endoscopic dilation therapy on 48 Crohn's disease patients with severe gastrointestinal stenoses. All patients who could not undergo endoscopic balloon dilation therapy (EBD) were operated on. Results: Long‐term success was attained in 32 of the 48 patients; cumulative avoidance of surgery after EBD was 86% at one year and 71% at three. Second, the most hazardous factor was recurrent inflammation causing restenosis. Patients who had strictures with oral luminal dilatation and patients with frequent recurrence had a tendency to be operated on. As a complication, perforation occurred in two cases (3.3%). Conclusions: EBD therapy for Crohn's stricture in the gastrointestinal tract is recommended before surgical intervention.     

Survivin在T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

【目的】了解生存蛋白Survivin在T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤（T—NHL）中的表达，以及Survivin表达与预后的关系。【方法】用免疫组化S-P法检测83例T细胞NHL组织Survivin表达情况，分析Survivin表达与预后的关系。【结果】Survivin表达阴性10例（12％），表达阳性73例（88％），Survivin表达与病理类型、性别、年龄、B症状、结外病变数、PS、分期、LDH水平、IPI等临床特征均无相关性（P〉0．05）。78例接受了化疗，大多数采用CHOP方案化疗，全组CR率45％，有效率86％，Survivin阴性者CR率60％，阳性者43％（P〉0．05）。中位随访22月（1—76月），全组5年生存率31％，Survivin表达阳性的T—NHL患者5年生存率明显低于Survivin表达阴性患者（21％比70％，P〈0．001）。多因素分析显示Survivin表达是T细胞NHL的独立预后指标。【结论】Survivin在T细胞NHL表达上调，Survivin阳性T—NHL患者5年生存率低于Survivin阴性者，Survivin表达可能为T细胞NHL预后的独立指标。     

High-risk AML evidenced by a monoclonal antibody

A monoclonal antibody has been raised against a surface membrane antigen present on leukemic myeloblasts. In 52 consecutive patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated in a standardized fashion with intensive chemotherapy the immunologic subclass with respect to this antigen was correlated to the clinical outcome. We found the expression of this antigen to predict a poor prognosis, when measured as survival of CR-patients and as survival after 1st relapse.     

Evaluation of Functional Capacity after Stroke as a Basis for Active Intervention

ABSTRACT This paper describes further testing of an Activity Index introduced by Hamrin & Wohlin, which was designed especially to evaluate the functional capacity of patients after stroke. The results of reliability tests and validation procedures are presented, in particular in comparison with the internationally well known Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living. The standardised item alpha reliability coefficient for the Activity Index was 0.97 for the total score (n= 231) and the corresponding value for the Katz Index of ADL was 0.94. Using factor analysis with four factors, 88.3% of the variances of the 16 variables of the Activity Index could be explained, and the different variables were found to have a logical distribution between the factors. In a two-factor analysis of the Katz Index of ADL, 89.6% of the variance of the six variables could be explained, and the hierarchical structure of the test was recognised. Compared with the Katz Index of ADL, the Activity Index had a higher predictive capacity and it also better measured changes in the patient's functional ability between different test occasions.     

肝硬化门静脉高压症内毒素血症的治疗

目的　研究肝硬化门静脉高压症 (PHC)病人内毒素血症治疗方法及其对预后的影响。方法　选 3 6例 PHC择期手术病人 ,随机分为治疗组 (n=18)和对照组 (n=18) ;治疗组入院后除保肝、纠正低蛋白血症及贫血等术前一般准备外 ,另行每日服用中药茵陈小承气汤和稀生理盐水碘伏液灌肠术等 ,对照组行 PHC的常规术前准备。观察两组病人术前血浆内毒素(PE)水平变化和术后全身炎症反应综合症 (SIRS)、多脏器障碍综合症 (MODS)的发生率等。结果　入院时所有 PHC病人均存在不同程度的内毒素血症。经过术前准备 ,治疗组术前 PE水平由 0 .13 9± 0 .0 2 2 Eu/ m l降至 0 .12 2± 0 .0 2 4 Eu/ m l(P<0 .0 5 ) ,对照组则下降不明显 (P>0 .0 5 )。术后治疗组的 SIRS、MODS的发生率和死亡率分别为 :11.1%、5 .6%、0 % ;对照组则分别为 :4 4 .4 %、2 7.8%、5 .6%。术后胃肠功能的恢复时间 :治疗组 (78.3± 2 1.2 h)比对照组 (13 8.4± 4 2 .5 h)显著缩短 (P<0 .0 0 1)。结论　应用茵陈小承气汤结合稀生理盐水碘状液清洁胃肠道 ,可以降低 PHC病人由于细菌易位所致的内毒素血症以及其对机体的损害 ,从而减少 PHC病人术后 SIRS、MODS的发生率及死亡率     

骨肉瘤增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达及其与临床病理和预后的关系

应用单克隆抗体ＰＣ１０免疫组方法半定量分析了增殖细胞核抗原表达与５０例骨肉瘤患者预后的关系。ＰＣＮＡ阳性级者预后差，其中半定量分级与骨肉瘤术后生存期呈显著负相关。ＰＣＮＡ表达与骨肉瘤组织学分级及骨样组织分化程度相关。     

Treatment and prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of death from cancer worldwide. Survival of patients depends on tumor extension and liver function, but yet there is no consensual prognostic model. AIMS: To evaluate the influence on survival of pretreatment parameters (clinico-laboratorial, liver function, tumor extension, Okuda and Cancer of the Liver Italian program (CLIP) staging) and treatment modalities. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients, diagnosed between 1993 and 2003. The initial treatment was: surgery--six patients; radiofrequency ablation--21; percutaneous ethanol injection--29; transarterial chemoembolization--49; tamoxifen--49; supportive care alone--53. Factors determining survival were assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. RESULTS: Median survival was 24 months. In univariate analysis, Child-Pugh classification and Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, portal vein thrombosis (PVT), tumor size, number of lesions, Okuda and CLIP scores were all associated with prognosis (P < 0.001). Alpha-fetoprotein levels were not predictive of survival. Independent predictors of survival were ascites, bilirubin, PVT and therapeutic modalities (P < 0.001). In early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), survival was similar for both percutaneous ablation modalities, either radiofrequency or ethanol injection (P = NS). In advanced HCC, survival was better in patients receiving tamoxifen than supportive care alone (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study reinforces the importance of baseline liver function (Child-Pugh classification and MELD score) in the survival of patients with HCC, although staging systems allowed the stratification of patients in different prognostic groups. Ascites, bilirubin and PVT were independent pretreatment predictors of survival. All treatments influenced the patient's outcome, whether in early or advanced stages.     

The usefulness of detailed information to patients with contact allergy

To find out if patients with contact allergy are helped by computerized information lists, a retrospective study was carried out on 58 patients with contact allergy to lanolin, traced through our local database DALUK. All were sent a questionnaire about their usage of the information list, clearance of their eczema, their education and other details. Clearance of the patient's eczema was found to correlate with use of the information list. It was also found that the effectiveness of the information depended on factors such as education, family circumstances, ethnic background and, most of all, how and where the information list was used.     

高血糖对急性颅脑伤预后的影响

对ＩＣＵ收治的６１例急性闭合性颅脑伤患者入院２４ｈ血糖水平与急性期格拉斯哥昏迷评分、颅脑伤不同类型及预后进行分析。结果提示：格拉斯哥昏迷评分与血糖水平经回归分析呈显著负相关（ｒ＝－０．９６４，Ｐ＜０．０１）；不同类型颅脑伤患者以脑挫裂伤组血糖最高。高血糖组患者病死率明显高于非高血糖组，死亡组患者血糖明显高于恢复不良组及恢复良好组。作者认为，血糖测定有助于了解颅脑伤的严重程度，同时可以估计患者的预后，在颅脑伤的救治过程中加强血糖监测是必要的。     

颅脑外伤性病变的CT检查及其临床意义

目的：探讨颅脑外伤严重程度及CT征象与预后的关系，并探讨CT复查的最佳时间及临床意义。方法：回顾性分析80例颅脑外伤的严重程度与初次CT征象的关系，统计分析复查CT发现新病变的数目、程度及时间。结果：颅脑外伤的严重程度与初次CT征象符合率为92．5％(74／80)。外伤后即刻昏迷、CT显示重度复合伤、脑干损伤或弥漫性脑白质损伤的病死率达70．0％(21／30)。1～3d复查CT发现迟发性病变80个，4—7d21个，7d后8个。结论：临床病情与CT征象变化对判断预后有重要意义，颅脑外伤后3、7d是复查CT的最佳时机，出现病情变化应随时复查。