脂质蓄积指数、内脏脂肪指数对2型糖尿病患者一级亲属糖代谢的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)患者一级亲属中T2DM及葡萄糖调节受损(impaired glucose regulation, IGR)患者脂质蓄积指数(lipid accumulation product, LAP)、内脏脂肪指数(visceral fat index, VAI)的特征。方法 选取T2DM确诊患者(n=212)一级亲属共298例,依据葡萄糖代谢情况,将研究对象分为葡萄糖代谢正常(normal glucose tolerance, NGT)组(n=115)、IGR组(n=93)、T2DM组(n=90),并收集其临床资料。结果 3组性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3组年龄、身高、体重、体质量指数、腰围差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),NGT组年龄最小,T2DM组体重、腰围最大(均P<0.05)。NGT组、IGR组、T2DM组中心性肥胖发生率分别为52.17%、67.74%和78.88%,其中T2DM组肥胖率最高,T2DM组、IGR组的中心性肥胖率较NGT组高(均P<0.05)。3组LAP...     

Associations of Maternal Consumption of Dairy Products during Pregnancy with Perinatal Fatty Acids Profile in the EDEN Cohort Study

Maternal diet is the main source of fatty acids for developing offspring in-utero and in breastfed infants. Dairy products (DP) are important sources of fat in the European population diet. C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acids have been suggested as biomarkers of dairy fat consumption. This study’s aim is to describe the associations between maternal DP (milk included) consumption during pregnancy and C15:0, C17:0 and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels in perinatal biofluids. Study populations were composed of 1763, 1337 and 879 French mothers from the EDEN (“Étude des Déterminants pre- et post-natals de la santé de l’ENfant”) study, with data on maternal and cord red blood cells’ (RBC) membrane and colostrum, respectively. Associations were assessed using linear regression models adjusted for recruitment center, maternal age, healthy dietary pattern or fish consumption. Greater adherence to a ”cheese” consumption pattern was associated with lower linoleic acid level in colostrum and higher C15:0 and C17:0 levels but in a less consistent manner for C17:0 across biofluids. Greater adherence to “semi-skimmed milk, yogurt” and “reduced-fat DP” patterns was related to higher docosahexaenoic acid and total n-3 PUFA levels and lower n-6/n-3 long-chain PUFA ratio in maternal and cord RBC. Our results suggest that C15:0 could be a good biomarker of maternal dairy fat consumption in perinatal biofluids.     

Engineering and Structural Insights of a Novel BBI-like Protease Inhibitor Livisin from the Frog Skin Secretion

The Bowman–Birk protease inhibitor (BBI) family is a prototype group found mainly in plants, particularly grasses and legumes, which have been subjected to decades of study. Recently, the discovery of attenuated peptides containing the canonical Bowman–Birk protease inhibitory motif has been detected in the skin secretions of amphibians, mainly from Ranidae family members. The roles of these peptides in amphibian defense have been proposed to work cooperatively with antimicrobial peptides and reduce peptide degradation. A novel trypsin inhibitory peptide, named livisin, was found in the skin secretion of the green cascade frog, Odorrana livida. The cDNA encoding the precursor of livisin was cloned, and the predicted mature peptide was characterized. The mature peptide was found to act as a potent inhibitor against several serine proteases. A comparative activity study among the native peptide and its engineered analogs was performed, and the influence of the P₁ and P_2′ positions, as well as the C-terminal amidation on the structure–activity relationship for livisin, was illustrated. The findings demonstrated that livisin might serve as a potential drug discovery/development tool.     

AGEs对SH-SY5Y细胞增殖、凋亡以及阿尔茨海默病相关mRNA的影响

目的 研究晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)对人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞株增殖、凋亡以及AD相关mRNA的影响。 方法 利用小牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和葡萄糖体外制备BSA-AGEs;将SH-SY5Y细胞与不同浓度BSA-AGEs保温后,MTT法测定SH-SY5Y细胞的增殖率,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡和细胞周期的变化,RT-PCR检测细胞中AD相关mRNA的表达水平。 结果 BSA-AGEs对SH-SY5Y细胞增殖有明显抑制作用,明显促进神经元的凋亡,细胞周期被阻滞于G1/G0期,呈药物浓度依赖性。RT-PCR结果表明,经过BSA-AGEs刺激后,IL-6、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、淀粉先质蛋白(APLP1) mRNA表达水平均明显升高。 结论 BSA-AGEs能有效抑制SH-SY5Y细胞的增殖,促进炎症细胞因子产生,诱导细胞凋亡,提示AGEs在AD的发生与发展过程中具有促进作用。     

一氧化氮合成酶耦联状态与糖化终末产物诱导的视网膜内皮细胞的氧化应激与凋亡的关系

目的 探讨二氢叶酸还原酶（DHFR）是否参与了糖化终末产物（AGE）对牛视网膜毛细血管内皮细胞（BREC）氧化应激和凋亡的诱导.方法 用锥蓝排斥法观察AGE（200 mg/L）培养对BREC增殖的影响,膜联蛋白Ⅴ染色检测细胞的凋亡;免疫荧光染色法检测氧自由基和过氧化硝基;同时免疫杂交法检测DHFR.结果 AGE培养2天后,DHFR的表达明显受抑（P＜0.01）,而氧自由基和过氧化硝基合成增加,同时凋亡和死亡细胞也明显增加.但过表达DHFR后,氧自由基和过氧化硝基均回复正常而凋亡细胞则显著减少.结论 AGE对视网膜内皮细胞增殖的抑制或者促凋亡作用,至少一部分是通过抑制DHFR表达并诱导一氧化氮合成酶（eNOS）解耦联和之后的氧化应激来实现的.     

伊马替尼联合P27基因克隆对慢性粒细胞白血病K562细胞的作用

目的:探讨伊马替尼和P27基因克隆联合作用对K562细胞的细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡等的调控作用。方法:RT-PCR扩增P27基因,胶纯化回收后连接到T载体测序,序列正确后构建P27-pcDNA3.1载体,将P27-pcDNA3.1与空载体分别以脂质体转染入P27基因缺失的K562细胞,经筛选得到G418抗性的K562细胞株,Westernblot证实转染后有P27蛋白表达,MTT法检测细胞生长指数和细胞存活率,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和凋亡。结果:表达外源性P27蛋白的P27-pcDNA3.1-K562细胞株生长速度明显慢于对照K562细胞株,流式细胞仪显示G0/G1期细胞增多,S期细胞明显减少,P27-pcDNA3.1-K562细胞与伊马替尼联合应用后凋亡细胞比例明显上升,MTT法显示细胞存活率较P27-K562细胞组及伊马替尼-K562细胞组均明显下降(P<0.01vsP27-K562细胞组,P<0.05vs伊马替尼-K562细胞组)。结论:表达外源P27蛋白联合应用伊马替尼对抑制K562细胞增殖及促凋亡方面具有协同作用。     

白假丝酵母菌对人脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV304细胞增殖的诱导作用

目的 研究白假丝酵母菌(S.albicans)对人脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV304细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响.方法 体外培养ECV304,实验分为S.albicans上清液组、S.albicans灭活菌液组、上清液和灭活菌液混合组、对照组.采用MTT法、细胞计数法、倒置显微镜及流式细胞术分别观察各组对ECV304细胞增殖及细...     

不同乳制（饮）品对离体乳牙牙釉质脱矿作用的比较研究

目的：比较3种市售乳制（饮）品对离体乳牙牙釉质的脱矿作用,为儿童合理选择饮用乳制（饮）品提供依据。方法将离体乳牙浸泡在奶粉液（奶粉液组）、酸奶（酸奶组）、果汁型乳饮品（果汁型乳饮品组）、蒸馏水（蒸馏水组）等乳制（饮）品中1周,用扫描电镜观察并比较经不同乳制（饮）品浸泡后乳牙牙釉质表面超微结构的改变;用维氏显微硬度仪测定并比较乳牙牙釉质表面显微硬度的变化。结果3种乳制（饮）品均可导致离体乳牙牙釉质表面显微硬度下降（P＜0.05）。不同乳制（饮）品对离体乳牙牙釉质脱矿作用程度不同（F=20.14,P<0.05）,果汁型乳饮品浸泡后的乳牙（果汁型乳饮品组）牙釉质表面显微硬度最低,其次是奶粉液组和酸奶组。离体乳牙经3种不同乳制（饮）品浸泡1周后,其釉质表面均有不同程度脱矿现象,扫描电镜下观察可见釉质表面形态不规则,釉柱出现裂纹、空洞等溶解脱矿现象,局部可见蜂窝状或深坑样外观。结论各种乳制（饮）品均可导致乳牙牙釉质不同程度的脱矿,其中果汁型乳饮品脱矿较为严重。