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73.
R. F. WEST 《Medical education》1988,22(2):104-112
The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of consistency in student ratings of teacher effectiveness during the first year of medical school. Student ratings of teaching effectiveness represent a commonly used source of information that enters into the academic decision-making process. In medical school, student evaluations often represent a major source of information that is used in promotion and tenure decisions. It is essential that the precision of such ratings be ascertained so that decision-makers will know how much confidence to place in this source of information on teaching effectiveness. In this study, each member of a first-year medical school class was randomly assigned a two-digit identification number at the beginning of the spring semester, 1986. As the semester progressed students were asked to evaluate each full-time teacher in three major courses. Multiple instructors were utilized in each course (n = 10). Each teacher was evaluated immediately after lectures during the first (T1) and second (T2) halves of the course. Students evaluated the teacher a third time (T3) as part of the end-of-semester overall course evaluation. The teachers were evaluated on a short eight-item Likert-type scale that identified several key indicators of effective teaching. Students attached their anonymous identification numbers to individual ratings so that their responses could be matched in the analysis. The results indicate that medical students are only moderately consistent in the extent to which they evaluate teachers. This inconsistency varied by course and by instructors within courses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
74.
喉症丸鉴定方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对不同批号喉症丸的二阶导数紫外谱线组图谱进行了测绘分析,发现不同批号的喉症丸其四溶剂二阶导数紫外吸收光谱特征数据,λmax或λsh具有很好的重现性,其分辨率高,特征性强,因此,以二阶导数紫外谱线组法控制喉症丸质量,鉴别喉症丸真伪优劣具有良好的重现性和准确性。 相似文献
75.
电位滴定法测定胰激肽释放酶活力测试条件探讨 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文用FIP推荐的方法,以具有国际单位的参照品为标样,滴定液为0.01mol/LNaOH标准溶液,考查了以BAEE为底物的电位滴定法测定胰激肽释放酶活力的实验条件,通过正交试验得出直观和方差分析的结果,依据酶活力单位高、SD和RSD%较小的原则,求出酶活力测定的最适条件是:酶反应温度为25℃;缓冲液为0.0015mol/LNa2B4O7-0.25mol/LNaCL-2×10(-4)mol/LEDTA,pH为8.00;反应液中酶浓度为0.48IU/ml;底物浓度为5×10(-3)mol/L;胰蛋白酶抑制剂浓度为125μg/ml。胰激肽释放酶活力测定的实验数据的相对标准偏差小于5%。 相似文献
76.
根据公认的眼科解剖学数据,提出后房型人工晶体植入屈光度的术前预测方法:IOL(D)=1.02(+21D+2X)。经人工晶体专用眼科A超36眼实测对比,无显著差异,认为在地市级医院和县级医院后房型人工晶体植入术推广中具有积极意义。 相似文献
77.
苯作业工人白细胞降低者的总估校正现患率 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
选择乡镇工业苯作业工人4次外周血白细胞计数中的间隔半年的两次数据,应用俘获再俘获法,计算其白细胞降低者的总估校正现患率(ACPR)。结果苯接触组为36.8l%(29.14%~44.48%),对照组为12.71%(7.20%~18.22%)具有显著差异,其相对危险度为2,9。用常规法求得的4次检出率分别是:苯接触组为26.37%,18.73%,27.93%,36.76%;对照组为6。85%,7.38%,7.94%,15.00%。均在其ACPR之95%可信限内,可见ACPR计算方法简便、结果准确,值得推广。对于稳定的人群,可用其每年一次的健康监护资料计算ACPR。 相似文献
78.
M Marín-Padilla 《The Journal of comparative neurology》1992,321(2):223-240
The prenatal development of the mammalian neocortex has been analyzed, with the rapid Golgi method, in a variety of experimental animals (hamster, mouse, rat, and cat) and in humans. A new developmental conception of the structural organization of the mammalian neocortex is discussed. Neocortical development begins with the establishment of the primordial plexiform layer (PPL) which precedes and is a prerequisite for the subsequent formation of the cortical plate (CP). The formation of the CP occurs, in its entirety, within the PPL. During its development, three fundamental neuronal events occur: migration, early differentiation, and late maturation. All migrating neurons, travelling on radial glial fibers, reach layer I, develop an apical dendrite, and establish contacts with its elements. These newly differentiated neurons assume similar morphology resembling embryonic pyramidal cells. As such, an early differentiation stage common to all neurons of the CP is established. During the late maturation stage, all CP neurons acquire their specific phenotypic structural and functional features. Only pyramidal neurons retain and expand their original connections with layer I while other neuronal types lose these connections. The pyramidal cell is redefined in developmental terms: the neocortex's pyramidal cell is both structurally and functionally locked into position between layer I and the cortical depth of its soma. During mammalian evolution pyramidal cells are forced to structurally and functionally elongate their apical dendrite outwardly to accommodate an increasing amount of information without losing either their original anchorage to layer I or their cortical depth. This unique property of pyramidal neurons is considered to be a mammalian innovation. Based on these observations, a unifying developmental cytoarchitectonic theory applicable to all mammals is proposed. The theory considers the CP to be a mammalian innovation and to represent a single, stratified, and expanding telencephalic nucleus. The theory envisions the mammalian neocortex as an open biological system capable of progressive expansion by the recruitment and transformation of primitive neurons from upper layer II into pyramidal cells. Hence, the number of pyramidal cell strata increases over the course of mammalian phylogeny. The developmental roles of layer I in the migration of neurons, formation of the CP, unique morphology of pyramidal cells, and overall structural organization of the mammalian neocortex are emphasized. 相似文献
79.
作者利用交流电弧和光栅摄谱仪组装了能够绘制谱线轮廓曲线和准确测定谱线宽度的记录仪,用线宽增量法对生物材料(拟血清)中的主要成分Ca和微量元素Cu进行了测定。与黑度法相比,本实验结果的线性好,误差小,再现性有所提高。这些结果表明,用上述仪器装置和线宽增量法进行生物材料含量分析优于黑度法。 相似文献
80.
Christian Darras 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》1997,2(4):356-362
Summary For a decade, numerous projects in Bolivia have tried to put in practice the concept of local health systems. But, so far, no significant changes have been made and local health services still are the 'poor relation' of the system. The main components of the project—expansion of health facilities, training of health personnel and institutional decentralization—were not designed to respond to the complexity of the problems encountered. Decentralization was implemented at the level of health districts but not accompanied by redefinition of functions at the central level, and challenged by civil servants' attempts to save their jobs. While training activities did introduce new methods and subjects, they were too often reduced to short workshops or seminars. Health facilities were built without regard for their significance beyond health care. A strategic approach is needed to adapt the planning process to the degree of liberty allowed by society. 相似文献