痛风消片提取工艺优选

目的:优选痛风消片的提取工艺.方法:以虎杖苷含量为指标,选择加水量、提取时间、提取次数为考察因素,采用L9(34)正交试验优选痛风消片的水提取工艺.结果:最佳提取工艺为加10倍量水提取3次,每次2h.结论:优选的提取工艺方法简单、稳定可行.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定肝力保胶囊中虎杖苷的含量

目的 建立反相高效液相色谱法测定肝力保胶囊中虎杖苷含量,并应用于该制剂质量控制指标。方法 使用：Eclipse Plus C18柱 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5µm),乙腈:水=15:85为流动相,流速1.0 ml/min,柱温25℃,检测波长306nm,测定8批肝力保胶囊中虎杖苷含量。结果 虎杖苷在6.77-135.4µg/ml （r=0.9999）范围内呈良好线性关系,低、中,高浓度加样回收率分别为97.5% (RSD=1.98 %)、101.8%(RSD = 2.27%)、102.5%( RSD= 0.45%)。 8批肝力保胶囊中虎杖苷含量在2.07-3.50 mg/g之间。结论 该方法简便、准确,重复性好,可用于肝力保胶囊的质量控制。     

虎杖苷对脓毒症致急性肾损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 观察虎杖苷对盲肠结扎穿孔（cecal ligation and puncture,CLP）所致脓毒症诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法 建立小鼠CLP诱导的脓毒症致急性肾损伤模型,随后用不同剂量的虎杖苷（50、100、300 mg/kg）干预,观察小鼠一般情况,并于手术24 h后,用试剂盒方法测定血清尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）水平,ELISA法测定血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）表达量,Western blotting法检测肾脏诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）蛋白水平,并取肾脏组织进行病理分析。结果 与模型组相比,虎杖苷明显改善小鼠一般情况,同时降低血清BUN、Cr、IL-6及肾脏中iNOS蛋白水平,缓解肾脏组织损伤,并呈一定的剂量依赖关系。结论 虎杖苷对脓毒症致急性肾损伤具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与其抑制血清IL-6及肾脏中iNOS蛋白表达有关。     

虎杖苷对非酒精性脂肪性肝病胰岛素抵抗及氧化应激影响的实验研究

[目的]研究虎杖苷治疗对非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）胰岛素抵抗（IR）及氧化应激的影响。[方法]健康雄性SD大鼠47只,随机分为5组：正常组（10只）、模型组（10只）、虎杖苷大剂量组（9只）、虎杖苷小剂量组（9只）和双环醇组（9只）。正常组予标准饲料,其他4组给予高脂饲料造模;5组共喂养10周后,从正常组与模型组中各随机挑选1只大鼠,取肝脏做病理切片,证实大鼠NAFLD模型的形成。正常组与模型组予以0．9％氯化钠灌胃,5ml／次;虎杖苷大、小剂量组分别以200mg／（kg·d）、100mg／（kg·d）的虎杖苷混悬液灌胃;双环醇组以100mg／（kg·d）的双环醇混悬液灌胃。给药4周,期间各组大鼠统一用标准饲料饲养。次日大鼠禁食12h后,腹腔麻醉,抽取腹主动脉血5ml,分离血清,检测大鼠血清中氧化应激因子丙二醛（MDA）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、羟自由基（-OH）、谷胱甘肽一孓转移酶（GST）水平及血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）水平;试剂盒检测空腹血糖、胰岛素水平,计算IR指数（IRI）和胰岛素敏感指数;ELISA法检测大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平。[结果]高脂饮食饲养10周后,模型组大鼠血清-OH、MDA、TNF-α较正常组均显著增高（P〈0．05～〈0．01）,GST、T-SOD、T-AOC活性降低（P〈0．01）,与模型组相比,虎杖苷治疗后,-OH、MDA、TNF-α浓度降低（P〈0．05〈0．01）,而T-SOD及T-AOC的活性恢复（P〈0．05～〈0．01）,IR明显改善（P〈0．05～〈0．01）。[结论]IR和氧化应激关系密切,氧化应激是发生IR的重要原因之一,虎杖苷的抗氧化应激效应是改善IR的部分机制。     

多指标正交试验法优化肝友胶囊的提取工艺

目的:优化肝友胶囊中火炭母等14味饮片的提取工艺。方法:以虎杖苷和白藜芦醇提取量的综合评分为指标,通过正交试验考察加水量、提取时间、提取次数和浸泡时间对肝友胶囊提取工艺的影响。采用HPLC测定虎杖苷和白藜芦醇含量,流动相甲醇-0.5%磷酸水溶液(35∶65),检测波长306 nm,流速0.9 mL·min-1。结果:最佳提取工艺条件为加8倍量水浸泡0.5 h,提取2次,每次2.0 h;虎杖苷、白藜芦醇平均提取量分别为0.676,0.198 mg·g-1,RSD依次为0.56%,0.91%。结论:该工艺稳定可行,为提高肝友胶囊的质量稳定性和临床用药安全提供实验依据。     

正交试验法优选泰痹颗粒的提取工艺

目的:优选泰痹颗粒的提取工艺。方法:以虎杖苷、大黄素含量及干膏得率的综合评分为指标,采用L9(34)正交试验法考察加水量、提取次数及提取时间对泰痹颗粒水提工艺的影响。采用RP-HPLC测定虎杖苷、大黄素含量,流动相分别为乙腈-水(21∶79)和甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(77∶23),检测波长依次为306,254 nm。结果:最佳提取工艺为加10倍量水提取3次,每次1 h;虎杖苷、大黄素质量分数及干膏得率的平均值分别为0.076%,0.510%,25.720%。结论:优选的提取工艺稳定可行,适用于该制剂的工业生产。     

高效液相色谱法测定虎梅含片中白藜芦醇苷的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定虎梅含片中白藜芦醇苷的含量,以控制该制剂的质量.方法采用Shimpack CLC-ODS柱,以乙腈-水(1882)为流动相,检测波长为303mm,流速为1.0 mL·min-1.结果白藜芦醇苷进样量线性范围为36.04～360.04 ng,r=0.999 9;平均回收率为98.2%,RSD为1.4%.结论该方法简便、快速、准确.     

响应面法优化十味盆安颗粒虎杖醋延胡索的提取工艺研究

目的：优选十味盆安颗粒虎杖、醋延胡索的最佳提取工艺。方法：在单因素考察的基础上,选择乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数三个主要因素,以提取液中虎杖苷、延胡索乙素提取率及干膏得率的综合评分为响应值,采用响应面试验优选虎杖、醋延胡索的提取工艺,并对最佳工艺进行工艺验证。结果：最佳提取工艺为10倍量59%乙醇加热回流提取2次,每次95min,经三批工艺验证,虎杖苷、延胡索乙素平均提取率分别为87.80%、94.11%,干膏的平均得膏率为15.00%,综合评分为94.71,SD=0.49%。结论：该工艺采用响应面法优化后,稳定可行,有效成分转移率高,适合产业化生产。     

Wine as a biological fluid: History,production, and role in disease prevention

Wine has been part of human culture for 6,000 years, serving dietary and socioreligious functions. Its production takes place on every continent, and its chemical composition is profoundly influenced by enological techniques, the grape cultivar from which it originates, and climatic factors. In addition to ethanol, which in moderate consumption can reduce mortality from coronary heart disease by increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and inhibiting platelet aggregation, wine (especially red wine) contains a range of polyphenols that have desirable biological properties. These include the phenolic acids (p-coumaric, cinnamic, caffeic, gentisic, ferulic, and vanillic acids), trihydroxy stilbenes (resveratrol and polydatin), and flavonoids (catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin). They are synthesized by a common pathway from phenylalanine involving polyketide condensation reactions. Metabolic regulation is provided by competition between resveratrol synthase and chalcone synthase for a common precursor pool of acyl-CoA derivatives. Polymeric aggregation gives rise, in turn, to the viniferins (potent antifungal agents) and procyanidins (strong antioxidants that also inhibit platelet aggregation). The antioxidant effects of red wine and of its major polyphenols have been demonstrated in many experimental systems spanning the range from in vitro studies (human low-density lipoprotein, liposomes, macrophages, cultured cells) to investigations in healthy human subjects. Several of these compounds (notably catechin, quercetin, and resveratrol) promote nitric oxide production by vascular endothelium; inhibit the synthesis of thromboxane in platelets and leukotriene in neutrophils, modulate the synthesis and secretion of lipoproteins in whole animals and human cell lines, and arrest tumour growth as well as inhibit carcinogenesis in different experimental models. Target mechanisms to account for these effects include inhibition of phospholipase A₂ and cyclo-oxygenase, inhibition of phosphodiesterase with increase in cyclic nucleotide concentrations, and inhibition of several protein kinases involved in cell signaling. Although their bioavailability remains to be fully established, red wine provides a more favourable milieu than fruits and vegetables, their other dietary source in humans. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 11:287–313, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

高效液相色谱法测定虎梅含片中虎杖苷的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定虎梅含片中虎杖苷的含量,以控制该制剂的质量。方法采用Sh im-pack CLC-ODS柱,以乙腈-水(18∶82)为流动相,检测波长为303 nm,流速1.0 m l.m in-1。结果虎杖苷进样量线性范围36.04~360.40μg,r=0.9999;平均加样回收率为99.83%,RSD=1.16%(n=6)。结论该方法简便、快速、准确。